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Control of plasma profiles in DIII-D discharges
Gohil, P,Evans, T E,Ferron, J R,Moyer, R A,Petty, C C,Burrell, K H,Casper, T A,Garofalo, A M,Hyatt, A W,Jayakumar, R J,Kessel, C,Kim, J Y,La Haye, R J,Lohr, J,Luce, T C,Makowski, M A,Mazon, D,Menard, Published jointly by The Institute of Physics and 2006 Plasma physics and controlled fusion Vol.48 No.a5
<P>Active control of plasma profiles is an essential requirement for operating within plasma stability limits, for steady-state operation and for optimization of the plasma performance. In DIII-D, plasma profiles have been actively controlled using various actuators in the following manner: (a) real time closed loop control of the <I>q</I> profile evolution using electron cyclotron heating and neutral beam injection as actuators; (b) active control of the density and pressure profiles in quiescent H-mode and quiescent double barrier plasmas using electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) and pellet injection; (c) active control of the edge profiles to suppress edge localized modes using resonant magnetic perturbation with toroidal mode number <I>n</I> = 3, (d) real time control of the current density profile to suppress neoclassical tearing modes using localized deposition of co-ECCD.</P>
Evans, U. R.,Taylor, C. A. J.,장현구 한국부식학회 1972 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.1 No.1
The present paper describes a research on Atmospheric Rusting, which has been in progress for 5 years in the Department of Metallurgy at Cambridge University. The discussion is designed to present the connection between the electrochemical mechanism of atmospheric corrosion with that of corrosion un her immersed conditions.
Evans, T.R.,Severo, J.C.P.,Minson, D.J.,Ternouth, J.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1993 Animal Bioscience Vol.6 No.2
The application of fertilizer P to Desmodium intortum at 40, 60 and 100 kg/ha resulted in the P content of the legume regrowth being 0.10, 0.13 and 0.16% on a dry matter basis. When the forages were fed alone to sheep in metabolism pens the corresponding voluntary intakes by sheep of the three forages were 27.3, 42.7 and $54.3g/W_{kg}{^{0.75}}$, respectively. Provision of additional P by rapid infusion into the rumen each morning before any fresh food was offered depressed the voluntary intake of all three feeds. It is suggested that the adverse effect of supplementary P was probably caused by an induced deficiency of either Ca or Mg and led to a reduction in microbial activity in the rumen.
Optical effects of anti-glare films on a dual-view display
C.R. Evans,S. Purcell,D. Gullick,P. Weindorf,J. Krier 한국정보디스플레이학회 2016 Journal of information display Vol.17 No.1
The effects of different anti-glare films on an 8-inch dual-view display were investigated. To quantify the display performance, the image sharpness, speckle, and crosstalk were evaluated. The image sharpness and sparkle were first measured, and the obtained values were compared with the results of a jury appraisal for devising acceptance levels. For image sparkle, it was found that the standard deviation for the individual pixel luminance must be less than 40 to be acceptable to the user. Finally, it was found that the crosstalk of the display needs to be less than 0.5 to be unnoticeable and less than 1.0 to be acceptable.
Method of measuring and quantifying the amount of sparkle in display-touch panel stacks
C.R. Evans,M. Skibinski,D. Gullick 한국정보디스플레이학회 2014 Journal of information display Vol.15 No.4
Presented herein is a measurement method that can be used to quantify sparkle with a value that is independent of thedisplay under test, and that does not require any reference state. A jury appraisal was detailed, which was used to assessthe level of sparkle in a display stack and grades the sparkle performance as not noticeable, noticeable but acceptable, orunacceptable. The measurement results are presented using the described method for both a 4.2-inch (131.2 dpi) display andan 8.0-inch (116.8 dpi) display with several different anti-glare films giving a range of sparkle performances. The valueshave been normalized to the perceived luminance to make the measured values independent of the display luminance. Usingthis method, it was reported that a measured value of less than 0.6 will not be noticeable, a value between 0.6 and 1.4 willbe noticeable but acceptable, and any value above 1.4 will be unacceptable.
Evans, D. F.,Southworth, J.,Smalley, B.,Jørgensen, U. G.,Dominik, M.,Andersen, M. I.,Bozza, V.,Bramich, D. M.,Burgdorf, M. J.,Ciceri, S.,D’Ago, G.,Figuera Jaimes, R.,Gu, S.-H.,Hinse, T. C.,Henning, Th Springer-Verlag 2018 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.610 No.-
<P><I>Context.</I> The formation and dynamical history of hot Jupiters is currently debated, with wide stellar binaries having been suggested as a potential formation pathway. Additionally, contaminating light from both binary companions and unassociated stars can significantly bias the results of planet characterisation studies, but can be corrected for if the properties of the contaminating star are known.</P><P><I>Aim.</I> We search for binary companions to known transiting exoplanet host stars, in order to determine the multiplicity properties of hot Jupiter host stars. We also search for and characterise unassociated stars along the line of sight, allowing photometric and spectroscopic observations of the planetary system to be corrected for contaminating light.</P><P><I>Methods.</I> We analyse lucky imaging observations of 97 Southern hemisphere exoplanet host stars, using the Two Colour Instrument on the Danish 1.54 m telescope. For each detected companion star, we determine flux ratios relative to the planet host star in two passbands, and measure the relative position of the companion. The probability of each companion being physically associated was determined using our two-colour photometry.</P><P><I>Results.</I> A catalogue of close companion stars is presented, including flux ratios, position measurements, and estimated companion star temperature. For companions that are potential binary companions, we review archival and catalogue data for further evidence. For WASP-77AB and WASP-85AB, we combine our data with historical measurements to determine the binary orbits, showing them to be moderately eccentric and inclined to the line of sight (and hence planetary orbital axis). Combining our survey with the similar Friends of Hot Jupiters survey, we conclude that known hot Jupiter host stars show a deficit of high mass stellar companions compared to the field star population; however, this may be a result of the biases in detection and target selection by ground-based surveys.</P>
Jordan R. Conger,Avery J. Evans,Dale Ding,Daniel M. Raper,Robert M. Starke,Christopher R. Durst,Kenneth C. Liu,Mary E. Jensen 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2016 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.18 No.2
Objective:Embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is commonly performed prior to surgical resection in order to reduce intraoperative bleeding and improve the safety of resection. Although most modern embolization procedures utilize permanent embolic agents, silk suture and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles may offer unique advantages for preoperative devascularization. The aims of this retrospective cohort study are to describe the technical considerations and determine the outcomes for preoperative silk suture and PVA particle embolization (SPE) of AVMs. Materials and Methods:We performed a retrospective review of our AVM embolization database. AVM patients who underwent preoperative SPE and subsequent surgical resection were included for analysis. Baseline patient demographics, AVM characteristics, embolization and operative records, and post-treatment outcomes were reviewed. Results:A total of 11 patients who underwent 12 preoperative SPE procedures were included for analysis. Five AVMs were ruptured (45%), and the median nidus volume was 3.0 cm3 (range: 1.3-42.9 cm3). The Spetzler-Martin grade was I-II in seven patients (64%) and III-IV in four patients (36%). The degree of nidal obliteration was less than 25% in two procedures (17%), 25-50% in one procedure (8%), 50-75% in eight procedures (67%), and greater than 75% in one procedure (8%). The rates of post-embolization AVM hemorrhage and mortality were 8% and 0%, respectively. The postoperative angiographic obliteration rate was 100%, and the modified Rankin Scale score improved or stable in 91% of patients (median follow-up duration 2 months). Conclusion:Preoperative AVM SPE affords a reasonable risk to benefit profile for appropriately selected patients.
OGLE-2017-BLG-0482Lb: A Microlensing Super-Earth Orbiting a Low-mass Host Star
Han, C.,Hirao, Y.,Udalski, A.,Lee, C.-U.,Bozza, V.,Gould, A.,Abe, F.,Barry, R.,Bond, I. A.,Bennett, D. P.,Bhattacharya, A.,Donachie, M.,Evans, P.,Fukui, A.,Itow, Y.,Kawasaki, K.,Koshimoto, N.,Li, M. C American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astronomical journal Vol.155 No.5
P2X<sub>1</sub> and P2X<sub>4</sub> receptor currents in mouse macrophages
Sim, J A,Park, C-K,Oh, S B,Evans, R J,North, R A Nature Publishing Group 2007 British journal of pharmacology Vol.152 No.8
Background and purpose:Activation of P2X receptors on macrophages is an important stimulus for cytokine release. This study seeks evidence for functional expression of P2X receptors in macrophages that had been only minimally activated.Experimental approach:Whole-cell recordings were made from macrophages isolated 2–6 h before by lavage from mouse peritoneum, without further experimental activation. ATP (1–1000 μM) elicited inward currents in all cells (holding potential −60 mV). The properties of this current were compared among cells from wild type, P2X<SUB>1</SUB><SUP>−/−</SUP> and P2X<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>−/−</SUP> mice.Key results:Immunoreactivity for P2X<SUB>1</SUB> and P2X<SUB>4</SUB> receptors was observed in wild type macrophages but was absent from the respective knock-out mice. In cells from wild type mice, ATP and αβmethyleneATP (αβmeATP) evoked inward currents rising in 10–30 ms and declining in 100–300 ms: these were blocked by pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2′,4′-disulphonic acid (PPADS, 10 μM). ATP also elicited a second, smaller (∼10% peak amplitude), more slowly decaying (1–3 s) at concentrations 10 μM: this was resistant to PPADS and prolonged by ivermectin. Macrophages from P2X<SUB>1</SUB><SUP>−/−</SUP> mice responded to ATP (>100 μM) but not αβmeATP: these small currents were prolonged by ivermectin. Macrophages from P2X<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>−/−</SUP> mice responded to ATP and αβmeATP as cells from wild type mice, except that ATP did not evoke the small, slowly decaying component: these currents were blocked by PPADS.Conclusion:Mouse peritoneal macrophages that are minimally activated demonstrate membrane currents in response to ATP and αβmeATP that have the predominate features of P2X<SUB>1</SUB> receptors.British Journal of Pharmacology (2007) 152, 1283–1290; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707504; published online 15 October 2007
Preparation of ferroelectric nanoparticles for their use in liquid crystalline colloids
Atkuri, H,Cook, G,Evans, D R,Cheon, C-I,Glushchenko, A,Reshetnyak, V,Reznikov, Yu,West, J,Zhang, K Institute of Physics Publishing in association wit 2009 Journal of optics A, Pure and applied optics Vol.11 No.2
<P>In this paper we summarize our many years of experience in the preparation and optimization of stable colloids of ferroelectric nanoparticles dispersed in an isotropic carrier and in a liquid crystal host. The colloids are of interest for use in electro-optic devices, photorefractive hybrids and nonlinear optical elements. We also outline some of the most interesting features the nanoparticles bring to liquid crystals, along with the potential of these relatively new colloids.</P>