온수배관을 이용한 온실의 난방성능

윤용철(Yong Cheol Yoon),신익수(Yik Soo Shin),김현태(Hyeon Tae Kim),배승범(Seoung Beom Bae),최진식(Jin Sik Choi),서원명(Won Myung Suh) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2012 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구는 온실의 난방 에너지 절감을 목적으로 온실 내부에 알루미늄 온수배관을 설치하여 난방효과에 대한 기초자료를 구축하고자 수행되었다. 그 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 전체 실험을 포함하여 온실내의 높이별 온도편차는 4.0~7.0℃ 정도의 범위로서 그 차이가 크게 나타났다. 팬코일유니트(FCU)를 작동시킨 경우가 작동시키지 않은 경우에 비해 유출입수의 온도차가 3.3℃ 정도 크고, 소비전력량은 36.2~40.1% 정도 증가하였으며, 시간당 방열량은 44.6~52.0% 정도 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 실험기간동안 순환유량은 0.48~0.49L · s<SUP>?1</SUP> 정도의 범위에 있었고, 평균유속은 1.53~1.56m · s<SUP>?1</SUP> 정도였다. 유출입수의 평균 온도차는 6.24~11.50℃이었다. 최저 외기온 ?14.0~?0.6℃ 범위에서 설정온도별 방열량은 135,930~307,150㎉ 정도의 범위로서 시간당 9,610~19,630㎉ · h<SUP>?1</SUP> 정도의 범위에 있었다. 이것은 최대난방부하의 약 23~53% 정도의 난방에너지를 공급할 수 있을 것으로 나타났다. 전체 방열량과 소비전력량은 각각 2,548,306㎉ 및 3,075.7㎾h이다. 화석연료인 경유로 난방할 경우, 소요되는 경유의 총 소비량은 281.6L 정도이고 비용은 321,000won인 것으로 나타났다. 농가용 전력요금을 적용하면 전력사용에 대한 총비용은 110,730won 정도로서 경유 소비 비용의 33.5% 정도로 나타났다. 실험구의 온도가 대조구보다 약 8.3~14.6℃ 정도 높게 나타났다. This research was conducted to obtain basic data with regard to the heating performance that would be produced by installing an aluminum hot water pipe inside the greenhouse with the goal of reducing the heating energy in greenhouse. The research results are summarized as follows. The degree of difference in relation to the temperature by height within the greenhouse during the entire experiment was significant - within the range of 4.0~7.0℃. The temperature difference between incoming and outgoing water was about 3.3℃ greater when FCU was activated compared to when it was not activated. Meanwhile, the amount of energy consumed increased about 36.2~40.1%. The amount of pyrexia per hour also increased by 44.6~52.0%. During the experiment period, circulated flux was within the range of 0.48~0.49 L · s<SUP>?1</SUP> while average fluid speed was 1.53~1.56 m · s<SUP>?1</SUP>. The average temperature difference between incoming and outgoing water was 6.24~11.50℃. The amount of heating value by each set temperature within the minimum outdoor temperature range of ?14.0~?0.6℃ was 135,930~307,150 ㎉, and the range was within the 9,610~19,630 ㎉ · h<SUP>?1</SUP> per hour. This demonstrated that about 23~53% heating energy of the maximum heating load could be supplied. Total radiating value and amount of energy consumed were 2,548,306 ㎉ and 3,075.7 ㎾h, respectively. When heating takes place using oil, which is a fossil fuel, the total amount of light oil consumed was 281.6 L while the cost was 321,000 won. When the electricity cost for farms is applied, the total cost was about 110,730 won, which is about 33.5% of the cost required compared to oil consumption. The temperature at in the experiment area was about 8.3~14.6℃ higher compared to that of the control area.

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION USING OXYGEN CARRIER WITH A SIMULTANEOUS CAPTURE OF CO₂ IN A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Won Chul CHO,Ki Kwang Bae,Chang Hee Kim,Kyoung Soo KANG,Suk Won Jung,Chu Sik PARK 한국신재생에너지학회 2011 AFORE Vol.2011 No.-

Serum NT-proBNP Level as a marker for cardiopulmonary function in preeclampsia(초)

( Won Joon Seong ),배지혜 ( Ji Hye Bae ),( Gun Oh Chong ),( Dae Gy Hong ),( Taek Hoo Lee ),( Yoon Soon Lee ),( Young Lae Cho ),( Sang Sik Chun ),( Il Soo Park ) 대한산부인과학회 2009 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.95 No.-

Effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on rheological and physical properties ofpolyamide-based thermoplastic elastomers

Won-Sik Bae,Oh Joo Kwon,김병철,채동욱 한국유변학회 2012 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.24 No.3

The polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomers (Pebax) were melt compounded with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs: 0.25~5wt%) and the variation of rheological and physical properties with MWNT contents was investigated. The crystallization temperature (Tc) of the nanocomposites with 0.5wt% MWNTs was most increased by ca. 8oC, but it was decreased by further addition. In addition, the presence of MWNTs broadened the Tc peak with increasing nanotube contents. In contrast, the melting behavior was little influenced by the presence of MWNTs for all compositions. The incorporation of MWNTs increased the complex viscosity with MWNT contents and the abrupt increase was observed from 1wt%. In addition, lower Newtonian flow region became disappearing with increasing MWNT contents, exhibiting notable shear thinning behavior from 1wt% loading. Storage modulus was increased with MWNT contents in a similar manner to viscosity. Casson plot demonstrated a non-zero positive intercept for all the samples. In particular, the abrupt increase of yield stress was observed from 1wt% loading. In the Cole-Cole plot, the nanocomposites gave a deviated curve from pure Pebax and the slope was decreased with increasing MWNT contents. The relaxation time calculated from viscoelastic parameters was increased with nanotube contents, but the increasing extents were reduced with increasing frequency. From 2wt% MWNTs, the elec\-trical conductivity was observed, indicating that the electrical percolation existed between 1.5 and 2wt%. At 0.25wt% loading the tensile strength was slightly increased, but it was gradually decreased by further addition. The introduction of MWNTs increased the tensile modulus with nanotube contents. In addition, ductile properties were reduced with increasing MWNT contents, resulting in low toughness.

Effects of the Cranio-cervical Static Stabilization Exercises among the Using Small Tools

( Won-sik Bae ),( Keon-cheol Lee ),( Hyun-ok Lee ) 대한물리의학회 2016 대한물리의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the differences between the muscle activity of cranio-cervical flexion and extension muscles according to the types of tools used through a short-term intervention of cranio-cervical static stabilization exercises using small tools. METHODS: A total of fifteen male and female adults in their 20s who showed forward head posture in the overall body posture measurement system participated in this study. Each subject performed cranio-cervical static stabilization exercises about flexion and extension while using a sling, a foam roller, a TOGU ball, and without tools separately, and the muscle activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, scalenus anterior and splenius capitis was measured. Each value was measured for 10 seconds a total of three times. The maximum voluntary isometric contraction value was computed using the average during the middle four seconds. RESULTS: Cranio-cervical flexion exercises using various tool types, the average activity of the sternocleidomastoid and scalenus anterior muscles was significantly higher when applying the TOGU ball (p<.05). According to the results of implementing cranio-cervical flexion exercise using various tools, the maximum muscle activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle was significantly higher for the TOGU ball (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Based on these results, the provision of an unstable surface using small tools rather than a stable surface is recommended as an exercise scheme for proprioceptive stimulation in a forward head posture. Particularly, we recommend using the TOGU ball for the provision of an unstable surface to increase the muscle activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and scalenus anterior.

Purification and Characterization of a Novel Antifungal Protein from Paenibacillus macerans PM1 Antagonistic to Rice Blast Fungus,Pyricularia oryzae

Bae, Dong Won,Kawk, Yeong Sik,Lee, Joon Taek,Son, Dae Young,Chun, Sung Sik,Kim, Hee Kyu 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2000 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.10 No.6

An antifungal protein antagonistic to the rice blast fungus, Pyricularia oryzae was purified from Paenibacillus macerans PM-1 by ammonium sulfate fractionation, Q Sepharose Fast Flow column chromatography, Phenyl Sepharose CL-4B column chromatography and Superose 12gel filtration. An apparent molecular mass of the purified antifungal protein was determined as 8kDa by SDS-PAGE and 9kDa by analytical gel filtration, respectively, suggesting that the purified protein is a monomer. The antifungal protein was stable at pH range from 7-12 and up to 100℃. The protein was also stable at 0.1-1% Tween 20 and Triton X-100. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the antifungal protein was Thr-Glu-Leu-Pro-Leu-Gly-Ile-Val-Met-Asp-Lys-Tyr-Thr-Asp-Ala-Phe-Lys-Phe-Asp-Met-Phe. Comparison of the determined sequence with other peptide and DNA sequences did not reveal homology at all. Therefore, the purified antifungal protein was speculated to be a novel protein. The conidial germination in vitro of P oryzae KJ 301: 93-39 by the purified protein (5.9㎍/㎖) was limited to 9±3.2% only, compared with 69±2.4% of the control. Ungerminated conidia were swollen at basal and mid cell by the purified protein. In vivo bioassay for inhibition of conidial germination of P oryzae KJ 301, one of the most predominating races in Korea, the purified protein (5.9㎍/㎖) strongly inhibited the conidial germination. The conidia, even though germinated, could not develop any further to produce appressoria efficiently.

Synthesis of iron oxide powders by hydrothermal process

Bae, Dong-Sik,Park, Chul-Won,Gam, Jig-Sang,Han, Kyong-Sop The Korea Association of Crystal Growth 2001 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.11 No.4

Iron oxide powders were prepared under high temperature (up to $175^{\circ}C$) and pressure conditions( up to 129 pasi) by precipitation from metal nitrates with aqueous potassium hydroxide. Various types of iron oxide powders were obtained at different conditions. The size and the shape of the particles can be controlled as afunction of starting solution pH. The average particles size of the synthesized iron oxide powders increased, the particle shapes of the powders became fibrous, and the crystalline phase of the powder changes from iron oxide to iron hydroxide with increasing solution pH. The effects of synthesis parameters are discussed.

Ceramic-on-Ceramic Total Hip Arthroplasty: Minimum of Six-Year Follow-up Study

Won Sik Choy,김갑중,이상기,Kyoung Wan Bae,Yoon-Sub Hwang,Chang Kyu Park 대한정형외과학회 2013 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.5 No.3

Background: This study examines the clinical and radiologic results of ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasties with regard towear, osteolysis, and fracture of the ceramic after a minimum follow-up of six years. Methods: We evaluated the results of a consecutive series of 148 primary ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasties that hadbeen performed between May 2001 and October 2005 in 142 patients. The mean age was 57.2 years (range, 23 to 81 years). Themean follow-up period was 7.8 years (range, 6.1 to 10.1 years). Preoperative diagnosis was avascular necrosis in 77 hips (52%),degenerative arthritis in 36 hips (24.3%), femur neck fracture in 18 hips (12.2%), rheumatoid arthritis in 15 hips (10.1%), and septichip sequelae in 2 hips (1.4%). Clinical results were evaluated with the Harris hip score, and the presence of postoperative groinor thigh pain. Radiologic analysis was done with special attention in terms of wear, periprosthetic osteolysis, and ceramic failures. Results: The mean Harris hip score improved from 58.3 (range, 10 to 73) to 92.5 (range, 79 to 100) on the latest follow-up evaluation. At final follow-up, groin pain was found in 4 hips (2.7%), and thigh pain was found in 6 hips (4.1%). Radiologically, all femoralstems demonstrated stable fixations without loosening. Radiolucent lines were observed around the stem in 25 hips (16.9%), andaround the cup in 4 hips (2.7%). Endosteal new bone formation was observed around the stem in 95 hips (64.2%) and around thecup in 88 hips (59.5%). No osteolysis was observed around the stem and cup. There were 2 hips (1.4%) of inclination changes ofacetabular cup, 2 hips (1.4%) of hip dislocation, 1 hip (0.7%) of ceramic head fracture, and 1 hip (0.7%) of squeaking. The Kaplan-Meier survival rate of the prostheses was 98.1% at postoperative 7.8 years. Conclusions: The ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty produced excellent clinical results and implant survival rates with nodetectable osteolysis on a minimum six-year follow-up study. The ceramic-on-ceramic couplings could be a reasonable option ofprimary total hip arthroplasty for variable indications.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanosized ITO Powders by Glycothermal Processing

Bae, Dong Sik,Kim, Hye Kyoung,Kim, Rak Hee,Kim, Jae Won,Lee, Je Hyun,Park, Sang Whan,Han, Kyong Sop Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2005 Materials science forum Vol.486 No.-

<P>Nanosized ITO(indium tin oxide) powders were prepared in ethylene glycol solution under mild temperature and pressure conditions by precipitation from metal nitrates with aqueous potassium hydroxide. The average size and distribution of the synthesized ITO powders were about 20 ㎚ and broad, respectively. The phase of synthesized particles was crystalline reacted at 230 0C for 6 h.. The optical properties of the synthesized ITO powders were transparent.</P>

Effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on rheological and physical properties of polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomers

Bae, Won-Sik,Kwon, Oh-Joo,Kim, Byoung-Chul,Chae, Dong-Wook 한국유변학회 2012 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.24 No.3

The polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomers (Pebax$^{(R)}$) were melt compounded with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs: 0.25~5 wt%) and the variation of rheological and physical properties with MWNT contents was investigated. The crystallization temperature ($T_c$) of the nanocomposites with 0.5 wt% MWNTs was most increased by ca. $8^{\circ}C$, but it was decreased by further addition. In addition, the presence of MWNTs broadened the $T_c$ peak with increasing nanotube contents. In contrast, the melting behavior was little influenced by the presence of MWNTs for all compositions. The incorporation of MWNTs increased the complex viscosity with MWNT contents and the abrupt increase was observed from 1 wt%. In addition, lower Newtonian flow region became disappearing with increasing MWNT contents, exhibiting notable shear thinning behavior from 1 wt% loading. Storage modulus was increased with MWNT contents in a similar manner to viscosity. Casson plot demonstrated a non-zero positive intercept for all the samples. In particular, the abrupt increase of yield stress was observed from 1 wt% loading. In the Cole-Cole plot, the nanocomposites gave a deviated curve from pure Pebax and the slope was decreased with increasing MWNT contents. The relaxation time calculated from viscoelastic parameters was increased with nanotube contents, but the increasing extents were reduced with increasing frequency. From 2 wt% MWNTs, the electrical conductivity was observed, indicating that the electrical percolation existed between 1.5 and 2 wt%. At 0.25 wt% loading the tensile strength was slightly increased, but it was gradually decreased by further addition. The introduction of MWNTs increased the tensile modulus with nanotube contents. In addition, ductile properties were reduced with increasing MWNT contents, resulting in low toughness.