Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of N-[2-(aryl/substituted aryl)-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]pyridine-4-carboxamide

Thomas, Asha B.,Nanda, Rabindra K.,Kothapalli, Lata P.,Deshpande, Avinash D. Korean Chemical Society 2011 대한화학회지 Vol.55 No.6

A series of isonicotinyl hydrazones and their 4-thiazolidinones have been synthesized by condensation of isonicotinic acid hydrazide with various aromatic aldehydes to yield Schiff's bases, followed by the cyclocondensation of Schiff's bases with 2-mercaptoacetic acid to yield their 4-thiazolidinones. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by their elemental, analytical and spectral studies. All these compounds were evaluated for their invitro antimicrobial activity against a spectrum of non-resistant and resistant microbial organisms. These studies proved that compounds 5e,i against B. subtilis; 5e,f,h against B. anthracis; 5g,i against S. aureus showed good activity at lower concentrations. Compounds 5d-5i displayed significant activity against resistant strain of K. pneumonia with minimum inhibitory potency in the concentration range of 2-16 ug/ml.

Microencapsulation using aqueous dispersion of lipid matrix by fluidized bed processing technique for stabilization of choline salt

Avinash B. Gangurde,Ritesh A. Fule,Sharadchandra D. Javeer,Rahul K. Patole,Jaywant N. Pawar,Purnima D. Amin 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.2

Choline bitartrate (CBT) is a water solubleessential nutrient belongs to vitamin-B family. It is moisturesensitive in nature and marketed formulation has stabilityrelated problems during storage which curtails itseffectiveness. Waxes such as hydrogenated soya bean oil(HSO) reported to be an excellent coating carrier to reducemoisture sensitivity or hygroscopic nature of drug candidates. However, literature dictates HSO applications hasbeen explored mostly using non-aqueous methods or hotmelt techniques of formulation development. In this work,microparticles of choline bitartrate with aqueous coatingdispersion of HSO as primary carrier was successfullydeveloped using fluidized bed coating technique. Aqueousdispersion of HSO was prepared using selected binder in ahomogenizer and formed aqueous dispersion was thensprayed through 0.8 mm gun in fluidized bed processor. The microparticles were evaluated for parameters like flowproperties, morphological characteristics, drug content,encapsulation efficiency and drug release behaviour. Thesolid state characterization of optimized microparticlebased formulation was done by differential scanning calorimetry,X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy andscanning electron microscopy. The results showed thatmicroencapsulation of choline bitartrate were successfullydone by aqueous wax coating dispersion without using anyorganic solvent or hot melt techniques. Discolouration,fishy odour and drug content variation was not observedafter 6 months stability studies. Choice of proper carrier todrug ratio and selective formulation technique are criticalparameters for dispensing CBT microparticle based formulationwhich might significantly enhance itseffectiveness.

Investigation of molten fuel coolant interaction phenomena using real time X-ray imaging of simulated woods metal-water system

Avinash Kumar Acharya,Anil Kumar Sharma,Ch.S.S.S. Avinash,Sanjay Kumar Das,Lydia Gnanadhas,B.K. Nashine,P. Selvaraj 한국원자력학회 2017 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.49 No.7

In liquid metal fast breeder reactors, postulated failures of the plant protection system may lead toserious unprotected accidental consequences. Unprotected transients are generically categorized astransient overpower accidents and transient under cooling accidents. In both cases, core meltdown mayoccur and this can lead to a molten fuel coolant interaction (MFCI). The understanding of MFCI phenomenais essential for study of debris coolability and characteristics during post-accident heat removal. Sodium is used as coolant in liquid metal fast breeder reactors. Viewing inside sodium at elevatedtemperature is impossible because of its opaqueness. In the present study, a methodology to depict MFCIphenomena using a flat panel detector based imaging system (i.e., real time radiography) is brought outusing a woods metal-water experimental facility which simulates the UO2-Na interaction. The developedimaging system can capture attributes of the MFCI process like jet breakup length, jet front velocity,fragmented particle size, and a profile of the debris bed using digital image processing methods likeimage filtering, segmentation, and edge detection. This paper describes the MFCI process and developedimaging methodology to capture MFCI attributes which are directly related to the safe aspects of a sodiumfast reactor.

Heterogeneous Sensor Data Analysis Using Efficient Adaptive Artificial Neural Network on FPGA Based Edge Gateway

( Nikhil B. Gaikwad ),( Varun Tiwari ),( Avinash Keskar ),( Nc Shivaprakash ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.10

We propose a FPGA based design that performs real-time power-efficient analysis of heterogeneous sensor data using adaptive ANN on edge gateway of smart military wearables. In this work, four independent ANN classifiers are developed with optimum topologies. Out of which human activity, BP and toxic gas classifier are multiclass and ECG classifier is binary. These classifiers are later integrated into a single adaptive ANN hardware with a select line(s) that switches the hardware architecture as per the sensor type. Five versions of adaptive ANN with different precisions have been synthesized into IP cores. These IP cores are implemented and tested on Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA using Microblaze test system and LabVIEW based sensor simulators. The hardware analysis shows that the adaptive ANN even with 8-bit precision is the most efficient IP core in terms of hardware resource utilization and power consumption without compromising much on classification accuracy. This IP core requires only 31 microseconds for classification by consuming only 12 milliwatts of power. The proposed adaptive ANN design saves 61% to 97% of different FPGA resources and 44% of power as compared with the independent implementations. In addition, 96.87% to 98.75% of data throughput reduction is achieved by this edge gateway.

Nelumbo nucifera extracts mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles for the potential applications in medicine and environmental remediation

Supraja, N.,Avinash, B.,Prasad, T.N.V.K.V. Techno-Press 2017 Advances in nano research Vol.5 No.4

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized through a simple green route using the Nelumbo nucifera leaf, stem and flower extracts. These nanoparticles showed characteristic UV-Vis absorption peaks between 410-450 nm which arises due to the plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the presence of amides and which acted as the stabilizing agent. X-ray diffraction spectrum of the nanoparticles confirmed the Face centered cubic (FCC) structure of the formed AgNPs. Dynamic light scattering technique was used to measure hydrodynamic diameter (68.6 nm to 88.1 nm) and zeta potential (-55.4 mV, -57.9 mV and 98.9 mV) of prepared AgNPs. The scanning electron micrographs of dislodged nanoparticles in aqueous solution showed the production of reasonably monodispersed silver nanoparticles (1-100 nm). The antimicrobial activity of prepared AgNPs was evaluated against fungi, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. Anti-corrosion studies were carried out using coupon method (mild steel and iron) and dye degradation studies were carried out by assessing photo-catalytic activity of Nelumbo nucifera extracts mediated AgNPs.

Copy Number Variation Burden on Asthma Subgenome in Normal Cohorts Identifies Susceptibility Markers

Sangeetha Vishweswaraiah,Avinash M Veerappa,Padukudru A Mahesh,Sareh R Jahromi,Nallur B. Ramachandra 대한천식알레르기학회 2015 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.7 No.3

Purpose: Asthma is a complex disease caused by interplay of genes and environment on the genome of an individual. Copy number variations (CNVs) are more common compared to the other variations that disrupt genome organization. The effect of CNVs on asthma subgenome has been less studied compared to studies on the other variations. We report the assessments of CNV burden in asthma genes of normal cohorts carried out in different geographical areas of the world and discuss the relevance of the observation with respect to asthma pathogenesis. Methods: CNV analysis was performed using Affymerix high-resolution arrays, and various bioinformatics tools were used to understand the influence of genes on asthma pathogenesis. Results: This study identified 61 genes associated with asthma and provided various mechanisms and pathways underlying asthma pathogenesis. CCL3L1, ADAM8, and MUC5B were the most prevalent asthma genes. Among them, CCL3L1 was found across all 12 populations in varying copy number states. This study also identified the inheritance of asthma-CNVs from parents to offspring creating the latent period for manifestation of asthma. Conclusions: This study revealed CNV burden with varying copy number states and identified susceptibility towards the disease manifestation. It can be hypothesized that primary CNVs may not be the initiating event in the pathogenesis of asthma and additional preceding mutations or CNVs may be required. The initiator or primary CNVs sensitize normal cohorts leading to an increased probability of accumulating mutations or exposure to allergic stimulating agents that can augment the development of asthma.

Antimicrobial efficacy and safety analysis of zinc oxide nanoparticles against water borne pathogens

Supraja, Nookala,Avinash, B.,Prasad, T.N.V.K.V. Techno-Press 2017 Advances in nano research Vol.5 No.2

Metal nanoparticles have been intensively studied within the past decade. Nano-sized materials have been an important subject in basic and applied sciences. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have received considerable attention due to their unique antibacterial, antifungal, and UV filtering properties, high catalytic and photochemical activity. In this study, microbiological aspects of scale formation in PVC pipelines bacteria and fungi were isolated. In the emerging issue of increased multi-resistant properties in water borne pathogens, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle are being used increasingly as antimicrobial agents. Thus, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungal concentration of ZnO nanoparticles towards pathogens microbe were examined in this study. The results obtained suggested that ZnO nanoparticles exhibit a good anti fungal activity than bactericidal effect towards all pathogens tested in in-vitro disc diffusion method (170 ppm, 100 ppm and 30 ppm). ZnO nanoparticles can be a potential antimicrobial agent due to its low cost of production and high effectiveness in antimicrobial properties, which may find wide applications in various industries to address safety issues. Stable ZnO nanoparticles were prepared and their shape and size distribution characterized by Dynamic light scattering (35.7 nm) and transmission electron microscopic TEM study for morphology identification (20 nm), UV-visible spectroscopy (230 nm), X-ray diffraction (FWHM of more intense peak corresponding to 101 planes located at $36.33^{\circ}$ using Scherrer's formula), FT-IR (Amines, Alcohols, Carbonyl and Nitrate ions), Zeta potential (-28.8). The antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles was investigated against Bacteria and Fungi present in drinking water PVC pipelines biofilm. In these tests, Muller Hinton agar plates were used and ZnO nanoparticles of various concentrations were supplemented in solid medium.

Evaluation of antipsychotic and anti-diarrhoeal activities of ethanolic extractof roots of Rubia cordifolia Linn

Minal T Harde,Avinash S Khairnar,Ameya S Kasture,Sanjay B Kasture 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.1

The objective of the present study was to assess the antipsychotic and antidiarrhoeal activities of ethanolic extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia in mice and rats. The antipsychotic activity of ethanolic extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia (ERC) was evaluated by observing its effect on amphetamineinduced stereotyped behavior in mice. Effect of ERC was also studied on motor coordination and locomotion in mice. The antidiarrhoeal activity was evaluated using castor oil-induced diarrhoea and excretion of sodium and potassium ions in the intestinal secretion in rats and gastrointestinal transit in mice. The ERC inhibited amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour, diminished locomotion and impaired motor coordination. ERC inhibited castor oil-induced diarrhoea, decreased both sodium and potassium excretion in the intestine and decreased gastrointestinal transit. Thus the present study confirms the anti-diarrhoeal activity of Rubia cordifolia. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the potential of Rubia cordifolia as an antipsychotic. The objective of the present study was to assess the antipsychotic and antidiarrhoeal activities of ethanolic extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia in mice and rats. The antipsychotic activity of ethanolic extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia (ERC) was evaluated by observing its effect on amphetamineinduced stereotyped behavior in mice. Effect of ERC was also studied on motor coordination and locomotion in mice. The antidiarrhoeal activity was evaluated using castor oil-induced diarrhoea and excretion of sodium and potassium ions in the intestinal secretion in rats and gastrointestinal transit in mice. The ERC inhibited amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour, diminished locomotion and impaired motor coordination. ERC inhibited castor oil-induced diarrhoea, decreased both sodium and potassium excretion in the intestine and decreased gastrointestinal transit. Thus the present study confirms the anti-diarrhoeal activity of Rubia cordifolia. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the potential of Rubia cordifolia as an antipsychotic.

Evaluation of antipsychotic and anti-diarrhoeal activities of ethanolic extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia Linn

Harde, Minal T.,Khairnar, Avinash S.,Kasture, Ameya S.,Kasture, Sanjay B. Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.8 No.1

The objective of the present study was to assess the antipsychotic and antidiarrhoeal activities of ethanolic extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia in mice and rats. The antipsychotic activity of ethanolic extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia (ERC) was evaluated by observing its effect on amphetamineinduced stereotyped behavior in mice. Effect of ERC was also studied on motor coordination and locomotion in mice. The antidiarrhoeal activity was evaluated using castor oil-induced diarrhoea and excretion of sodium and potassium ions in the intestinal secretion in rats and gastrointestinal transit in mice. The ERC inhibited amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour, diminished locomotion and impaired motor coordination. ERC inhibited castor oil-induced diarrhoea, decreased both sodium and potassium excretion in the intestine and decreased gastrointestinal transit. Thus the present study confirms the anti-diarrhoeal activity of Rubia cordifolia. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the potential of Rubia cordifolia as an antipsychotic.

Prediction models for compressive strength of concrete with Alkali-activated binders

Arkamitra Kar,Indrajit Ray,Avinash Unnikrishnan,Udaya B. Halabe 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2016 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.17 No.4

Alkali-activated binder (AAB) is increasingly being considered as an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to portland cement (PC). The present study evaluates 30 different AAB mixtures containing fly ash and/or slag activated by sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate by correlating their properties from micro to specimen level using regression. A model is developed to predict compressive strength of AAB as a function of volume fractions of microstructural phases (physicochemical properties) and ultrasonic pulse velocity (elastic properties and density). The predicted models are ranked and then compared with the experimental data. The correlations were found to be quite reasonable (R2 = 0.89) for all the mixtures tested and can be used to estimate the compressive strengths for similarAAB mixtures.