Analysis of Molecular Variance and Population Structure in Southern Indian Finger Millet Genotypes Using Three Different Molecular Markers

Host Antony David Rajendran,Ramakrishnan Muthusamy,Antony Caesar Stanislaus,Thirugnanasambantham Krishnaraj,Sivasankaran Kuppusamy,Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu,Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi 한국작물학회 2016 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.19 No.4

The genetic relationship among 42 genotypes of finger millet collected from different geographical regions of southern India was investigated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Ten RAPD primers produced 111 polymorphic bands. Five ISSR primers produced a total of 61 bands. Of these, 23 bands were polymorphic. The RAPD and ISSR fingerprints revealed 71.3 and 37.4% polymorphic banding patterns, respectively. Thirty-six SSR primers yielded 83 scorable alleles in which 62 were found to be polymorphic. Out of 36 SSR primers used, 14 primers (46.6%) produced polymorphic bands. The SSR primer UGEP7 produced a maximum number of six alleles. Mean polymorphic information content (PIC) of RAPD, ISSR and SSR were 0.44, 0.28, and 0.14, respectively. Molecular variances among the population were 2, 11, and 1% for RAPD, ISSR, and SSR markers, respectively. SSR produced 99% molecular variance within individuals. RAPD and ISSR markers produced a low level of molecular variance within individuals. The STRUCTURE (model-based program) analysis revealed that the 42 finger millet genotypes could be divided into a maximum of four subpopulations. Based on the Bayesian statistics, each RAPD and SSR marker produced three subpopulations (K=3), while ISSR marker showed four subpopulations (K=4). This study revealed that RAPD and SSR markers could narrow down the analysis of population structure and it may form the basis for finger millet breeding and improvement programs in the future.

Editorial

Antony John Kunnan 아시아영어교육학회 2017 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.14 No.1

Challenges for Artificial Cognitive Systemsc

( Antoni Gomila ),( Vincent C. Muller ) 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2012 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.13 No.4

The declared goal of this paper is to fill this gap: “… cognitive systems research needs questions or challenges that define progress. The challenges are not (yet more) predictions of the future, but a guideline to what are the aims and what would constitute progress.” - the quotation being from the project description of EUCogII, the project for the European Network for Cognitive Systems within which this formulation of the ``challenges`` was originally developed (http://www.eucognition.org). So, we stick out our neck and formulate the challenges for artificial cognitive systems. These challenges are articulated in terms of a definition of what a cognitive system is: a system that learns from experience and uses its acquired knowledge (both declarative and practical) in a flexible manner to achieve its own goals.

Direct numerical simulations of viscoelastic turbulent channel flows at high drag reduction

Antony N. Beris,Kostas D. Housiadas 한국유변학회 2005 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.17 No.3

In this work we show the results of our most recent Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of turbulent viscoelastic channel flow using spectral spatial approximations and a stabilizing artificial diffusion in the viscoelastic constitutive model. The Finite-Elasticity Non-Linear Elastic Dumbbell model with the Peterlin approximation (FENE-P) is used to represent the effect of polymer molecules in solution. The corresponding rheological parameters are chosen so that to get closer to the conditions corresponding to maximum drag reduction: A high extensibility parameter (60) and a moderate solvent viscosity ratio (0.8) are used with two different friction Weissenberg numbers (50 and 100). We then first find that the corresponding achieved drag reduction, in the range of friction Reynolds numbers used in this work (180-590), is insensitive to the Reynolds number (in accordance to previous work). The obtained drag reduction is at the level of 49% and 63%, for the friction Weissenberg numbers 50 and 100, respectively. The largest value is substantially higher than any of our previous simulations, performed at more moderate levels of viscoelasticity (i.e. higher viscosity ratio and smaller extensibility parameter values). Therefore, the maximum extensional viscosity exhibited by the modeled system and the friction Weissenberg number can still be considered as the dominant factors determining the levels of drag reduction. These can reach high values, even for of dilute polymer solution (the system modeled by the FENE-P model), provided the flow viscoelasticity is high, corresponding to a high polymer molecular weight (which translates to a high extensibility parameter) and a high friction Weissenberg number. Based on that and the changes observed in the turbulent structure and in the most prevalent statistics, as presented in this work, we can still rationalize for an increasing extensional resistance-based drag reduction mechanism as the most prevalent mechanism for drag reduction, the same one evidenced in our previous work: As the polymer elasticity increases, so does the resistance offered to extensional deformation. That, in turn, changes the structure of the most energy-containing turbulent eddies (they become wider, more well correlated, and weaker in intensity) so that they become less efficient in transferring momentum, thus leading to drag reduction. Such a continuum, rheology-based, mechanism has first been proposed in the early 70s independently by Metzner and Lamley and is to be contrasted against any molecularly based explanations.

Structural Style of Volcanic and Plutonic Rocks at Barton Peninsula, King George Island (South Shetland Islands)

Antoni K. Tokarski 한국해양과학기술원 1996 KOREAN JOURNAL of Polar Research Vol.7 No.1·2

The New Regionalism in the Americas: The Case of Mercosur

( Antoni Esteradeordal ),( Junichi Goto ),( Raul Saez ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2001 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.16 No.2

This paper takes seriously the recent claim made by Ethier (1998) that the New Regionalism reflects the success of the multilateral trading system, not its failure. In fact, the New Regionalism represents a qualitative departure of the old regionalism in several respects, in particular, its development has taken place in a very different international economic environment. Moreover, the traditional Vinerian paradigm is no longer the primary analytical framework for its evalua-tion. We use this novel approach to analyze the case of one of the most important experiences in regional integration, the formation of the Mercado Comun del Sur (MERCOSUR). The paper carefully documents the main stylized facts of the development of MERCOSUR arguing that this makes this type of agreement a prime example of the New Regionalism. Our conclusions are consistent with Ethier`s paper, that is, regionalism can play a key role in expanding and preserving the liberal trade order.

Shear strength of RC beams. Precision, accuracy, safety and simplicity using genetic programming

Antoni Cladera,Juan L. Pérez-Ordóñez,Fernando Martínez-Abella 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2014 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.14 No.4

This paper presents the improvement of the EC-2 and EHE-08 shear strength formulations for concrete beams with shear reinforcement. The employed method is based on the genetic programming (GP) technique, which is configured to generate symbolic regression from a set of experimental data by considering the interactions among precision, accuracy, safety and simplicity. The size effect and the influence of the amount of shear reinforcement are examined. To develop and verify the models, 257 experimental tests on concrete beams from the literature are used. Three expressions of considerablesimplicity, which significantly improve the shear strength prediction with respect to the formulations of the different studied codes, are proposed.

Hemp fibre woven fabrics / polypropylene based honeycomb sandwich structure for aerospace applications

Antony, Sheedev,Cherouat, Abel,Montay, Guillaume Techno-Press 2019 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.6 No.2

Recently, natural fibre composites are widely used in aerospace industries due to their good specific mechanical properties, better acoustic properties, light weight, readily availability, biodegradability, recyclability, etc. In this study, the hemp fibre woven fabrics / polypropylene based honeycomb sandwich structure were proposed for aerospace applications. Firstly, the hemp fibre woven fabrics based honeycomb sandwich structures were manufactured and experimental mechanical tests (compressive and flexural) were performed in the laboratory. Numerical simulation was also performed and analysed to validate the proposed methodology. Different complex shaped aircraft part CAD models were created and numerical analysis was carried out in order to have a better understanding about the complex honeycomb sandwich structures.

Modeling Relationships Among Young Learners’ Self-assessment, Learning Attitude, and Language Test Performance

Antony John Kunnan,Christine Linyu Liao 아시아테플 2019 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.16 No.2

VSimulators: A New UK-based Immersive Experimental Facility for Studying Occupant Response to Wind-induced Motion of Tall Buildings

Antony Darby,James Brownjohn,Erfan Shahabpoor,Kaveh Heshmati Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2022 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.11 No.4

Current vibration serviceability assessment criteria for wind-induced vibrations in tall buildings are based largely on human 'perception' thresholds which are shown not to be directly translatable to human 'acceptability' of vibrations. There is also a considerable debate about both the metrics and criteria for vibration acceptability, such as frequency of occurrence or peak vs mean vibration, and how these might vary with the nature of the vibration. Furthermore, the design criteria are necessarily simplified for ease of application so cannot account for a range of environmental, situational and human factors that may enhance or diminish the impact of vibrations on serviceability. The dual-site VSimulators facility was created specifically to provide an experimental platform to address gaps in understanding of human response to building vibration. This paper considers how VSimulators can be used to inform general design guidance and support design of specific buildings for habitability, in terms of vibration, which allow engineers and clients to make informed decisions with regard to sustainable design, in terms of energy and financial cost. This paper first provides a brief overview of current vibration serviceability assessment guidelines, and the current understanding and limitations of occupants' acceptability of wind-induced motion in tall buildings. It then describes how the dual-site VSimulators facility at the Universities of Bath and Exeter can be used to assess the effects of motion and environment on human comfort, wellbeing and productivity with examples of how the facility capabilities have been used to provide new, human experience based experimental research approaches.