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백두현(Paek Doo-hyeon) 한국어문학회 2008 語文學 Vol.0 No.100
I introduced the Hangeul(한글) register of male and female servants of Sangjoo Hwang's family in this paper. I deciphered and glossed old Korean sentences of this servants family register. This manuscript is the first and unique as a servants family register wroted in Korean. There are no servants family register which wroted in Korean down through the Choseon period. I assumed that Hwang jing who was son of Hwang ieehwan made out this servants family register and sent to his wife Mrs. Cheonju Lee. This assumptions are entirely derived from the following some facts; contents of servants family register, the achievements of Hwang jing's lifetime and family relations recorded in Sangjoo Hwang family register. By the way, peoples of Choseon dynasty could not submit to government office a Hangeul document. So this Hangeul register is not a public document but a kind of private document. I guessed that Hwang jing made out this Hangeul servants family register for his wife Mrs. Cheonju Lee who could read Hangeul document. The significances of this Hangeul servants family register from the viewpoint of Korean language history are summarize as follows. First, this servants family register was recorded by Hangeul letter. Second, a person's name and the place's name[geographical name] of this document have some interesting points in the respect of Hangeul notation.
백두현(Doo Hyeon Paek) 국어학회 2000 국어학 Vol.36 No.-
이 논문은 ≪十九史略諺解≫ 제 이본들의 계통을 세우고 이들의 상관 관계를 밝히기 위한 것이다. 20세기 이전에 간행된 ≪十九史略諺解≫ 판본은 4개의 부류로 나누어진다. 17세기 판식과 언어적 특징을 가진 無刊記 古本, 18세기 판본의 특징과 간기를 가진 花谷版, 화곡판과 밀접한 관련을 가진 京中版, 그리고 嶺營에서 新刊된 嶺營版이 그것이다. 화곡판과 경중판은 매우 비슷한 판본이어서 한 부류로 묶을 수 있는 것이므로 크게는 세 부류로 나 눌 수 있다. 무간기 고본은 17세기 후기(늦어도 18세기 초기)의 것으로 판단되고, 화곡판은 1749년, 경중판은 1804년, 영영판은 1832년의 것이다. 제 판본의 비교를 통해 화곡판의 간기 `屠維大荒落`(己巳年)은 1869년이나 1809년이 아니라 1749년으로 보았다. 경중판은 2개의 간기 중 앞에 놓인 `嘉慶甲子`(1804년)이 간년이 되며, 화곡판의 `新刊`과 경중판의 `改版`이 명기된 점과 언어적 변개를 근거로 후자는 전자를 고친 판이라 판단하였다.
백두현 ( Doo Hyeon Paek ) 국어학회 2002 국어학 Vol.40 No.-
`Chic-bok-lon-dap`(칙복론답) has appeared in the names of sexagenary cycle in Joseonkwanyeokeo. It is one of the twelve Kanji names and it signifies `tiger name`(寅時) which is the third item of sexagenary cycle. Although many scholars had tried to decipher Joseonkwanyeokeo, they had not been able to reveal what `칙복론답` was. However, I have tried to decipher `칙복론답` and analysed the individual usage of `則`, `卜`, `論`, `답` in Joseonkwanyeokeo I also compared Chinese pronunciation with Sino-Korean pronunciation of these Chinese characters in the 15th century. I investigated many korean literatures to seek comparable words to `칙복론답` and I discovered `jeo·urum`(저우룸) and `jeo·urom`(저우롬). For example, Kanipyeokonbang(간이벽온방)(A.D. 1525), Punmunonyeokihaebang(分門瘟疫易解方)(A.D 1542) and Sipkusaryakeonhae(十九史略諺解)(the latter term of the 17th century). The meaning of `jeo·urum` is `tiger`(寅) which is the third item of sexagenary cycle. I assume the word `jeo·urom`, which means tiger, could have been used before 18th century but it has been disappeared in modern korean language. `beom`(범) and `jeo·urum`(저우룸) seemed to coexist since Bum appeared in Kerimyusa(A.D. 1103) and Joseonkwanyeokeo while `jeo·urum` appeared in Kanipyeokonbang, Punmunonyeokihaebang, Sipkusaryakeonhae, and then `Jeo·urum` seems to be a dead word since the 18th century. The meaning of `답` in the `칙복론답` is `time` and korean pronunciation of `답` is one of three, i.e. ㅵㅐ(pt`ai) or 다[ta] 답[tap]. I reserve my decision for which of these three is more appropriate. These all twelve items of sexagenary cycle recorded in Joseonkwanyeokeo became clear by this paper.
≪훈민정음≫ 해례본 텍스트에 쓰인 한자(어) 사용 빈도와 그 해석
백두현 ( Paek Doo-hyeon ),김명주 ( Kim Myeong-ju ) 국어학회 2020 국어학 Vol.0 No.93
This paper analyzes the frequencies of the Hanja characters and words used in the texts of Hunminjeongeum Haeryebon in order to explain what role these frequencies play in defining the Hunminjeongeum texts. This study focuses on the Hanja characters related to the principle behind the creation of the Hangul letters and seeks to interpret their frequencies. In particular, the frequencies of the overall Haeryebon texts are compared with those of the Chapter 5 (‘Explanation 5 Example 1’). The most frequent Hanja characters in the overall Haeryebon texts were found to be (in order of high frequency): ‘聲’(sound), ‘字’(letter), ‘音’(sound), ‘初’(initial), ‘中’(middle), ‘終’(final), ‘天’(sky), ‘地’(earth), ‘人’(man), and ‘合’(combination). These characters are all related to the letter-creating principle and thus reveal the chief purpose of Haeryebon. As for Chapter 5, the most frequent Hanja words are (in order of high frequency): ‘中聲’(middle sound), ‘初聲’(initial sound), ‘終聲’(final sound), ‘天地’(sky and earth), ‘陰陽’(Yin-Yang), ‘幷書’(consonant cluster), and ‘五行’(Five-Elements). These Hanja words are closely related to phonetic analysis, Chinese phonology, and Neo-Confucianism which pivots around the Yin-Yang[陰陽] and Five-Elements[五行] Principle as well as the Samjae[三才] Theory. This shows that Chapter 5 fundamentally deals with Chinese phonology and Neo-Confucianism and the role they played in designing the letters of Hunminjeongeum.
백두현 ( Doo Hyeon Paek ) 한국문학언어학회 2016 어문론총 Vol.67 No.-
Hunmin jeongeum holds three intrinsically universal values: democracy, science and philosophy. The democracy of Hunmin jeongeum refers to one of the properties of the character that people are the owner of the character as literally indicated by democracy. This is well demonstrated by the preface of the King`s writing, which is the basis for democracy inherent in Hunmin jeongeum. Next, the science of Hunmin jeongeum is supported by that fact that it was created by phonological observations and scientific principles. First, the five basic consonants were created based on phonological characteristics. A single stroke is added to these consonants to produce other consonants. Adding a single stroke is based on the phonological principle in that it was conducted according to the ``extent of sound getting stronger``. Creation of vowels started from three basic characters determined based on the degree of retraction tongue root(舌縮). And a full set of vowels were created by combining these three characters. That Hunmin jeongeum was created based on not only phonological analysis but also systematic character-creating principle serves as the basis for scientific excellence of Hunmin jeongeum. Last but not least, the philosophy of Hunmin jeongeum comes from the basic principles of neo-Confucianism applied to creating the characters, including Samjae theory, Yin and Yang theory(陰陽論), Five Elements theory(五行論) and Sangsu theory(象數論). Samjae theory(三才論) is in pursuit of a harmonious relationship between heaven and earth (nature) and humans. The Yin-Yang and the Five Elements theory believes that interdependence and harmony of five fundamental elements that comprise the universe is the divine order of nature and humanity. The Sangsu theory refers to the symbolization of Gua-Yao of Ju Yeok combined with numbers. And the Haerye Edition of Hunmin jeongeum explains the fact that philosophical considerations were made in creating the characters, which serves the basis for philosophical implications inherent in Hunmin jeongeum.
『훈민정음』 해례본 낙장의 권두서명과 병서 행 복원 방안 연구
백두현 ( Paek Doo-hyeon ) 한국문학언어학회 2018 어문론총 Vol.75 No.-
This paper carefully examines the intra-textual connection between the Jeongeum Volume and the Jeongeum Haerye Volume of the Haerye Edition in order to determine what the head title on the lost pages should be, and closely analyse show columns are divided in the Haerye Edition and the Eonhae Edition in order to settle the issue regarding the segmentation of columns. I argue that there are five types of evidence, either internal or external to the text of the Haerye Edition, to underpin the claim that ‘Hunminjeongeum’ should be considered as the head title. By examining the text itself of the Haerye Editionas well as other research on the textual arrangement of the Sejong Chronicles and considering the incipit of the Eonhae Edition, I come to the conclusion that the head title of the Jeongeum Volume can only be ‘Hunminjeongeum’. As for the segmentation of the ‘double consonant letter’ passage into a new column, I present three intra-textual and two extra-textual arguments for the continuity of the ‘double consonant letter’ passage to the previous content. Indeed, compared to the segmentation hypothesis, there are more intra- and extra-textual evidence that supports the continuity theory.