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비표준근무를 하는 취업모의 일상적 양육 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 변인
황우상 ( Woo Sang Hwang ),이숙현 ( Sook Hyun Lee ),이나련 ( Na Yeon Lee ) 한국가족관계학회 2012 한국가족관계학회지 Vol.17 No.1
The purpose of this study was to investigate the variables influencing on daily parenting stress of employed mothers with nonstandard work schedules who have at least one child under school age, The subjects were 168 employed mothers who currently work at companies and public service institutions with nonstandard work schedules and also with at least one child under the age of six. The instruments used for this study were the ``Parenting Daily Hassles``(Crnic & Greenberg, 1990), the ``Family Coping Coherence Index``(McCubbin, Larsen & Olson, 1982), the ``Family Support Inventory for Workers`` (Kang & Choi, 2001), the ``Social Support Scale(Seong & Jo, 1999), the ``Family-FriendJy Policy Scale``(Lee & Kwon, 2009), the ``Family-Supportive Culture Norms`` (Ozeki, 2003), the ``Supervisor Support Scale``(Thomas & Ganster, 1995), and ``Coworker Support Scale`` (Greenberger & O`Neil, 1993). The data were analyzed by using frequency analyses, descriptive statistics, correlation analyses and hierarchical multiple regressions. The results of this study were as follows: First, the frequency of daily parenting stress reported by those employed mothers with nonstandard work schedules was slightly higher than the median, while the intensity of daily parenting stress was slightly lower than the median. Second, family support and family-friendly organizational culture were significant predictors in the frequency of daily parenting stress while awareness and evaluation of situation, family support, family-friendly organizational culture, implementation and utilization of family-friendly policies were significant predictors in the intensity of stress. In other words, employed mothers with nonstandard work schedules experienced daily parenting stress less frequently when the level of family support was more helpful and the organizational culture was more family-friendly. On the other hand, when family-friendly policies were implemented more and were used less, the intensity of daily parenting stress was lower.
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갑상선 유두암 환자에서 경부 림프절 재발에 대한 최소 갑상선외 침습의 임상적 중요성
황성배(Seong-Bae Hwang),류우상(Woo-Sang Ryu),서우형(U-Hyoung Seo),이재복(Jea-Bok Lee),배정원(Jung-Won Bae),구범환(Bum-Hwan Koo) 대한외과학회 2007 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.73 No.5
Purpose: Extra-thyroidal extension has been recognized as a poor prognostic factor for increased regional recurrence risk in papillary thyroid carcinoma, and is known to require treatment that is more aggressive. In the recent UICC TNM 6th Classification, an extra-thyroidal extension was divided into a minimal extra-thyroidal extension (T3) and a massive extra-thyroidal extension (T4). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of a minimal extra-thyroidal extension of a papillary carcinoma for the recurrence of regional cervical lymph nodes. Methods: We retrospectively studied 154 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma where a thyroidectomy was performed from Feb. 2003 to May. 2006 at the Department of Surgery, with the exclusion of 6 patients with a massive extra-thyroidal extension. We divided the cases into a no extra-thyroidal extension group and a minimal extra-thyroidal extension group according to the grading of the extra-thyroidal extension. The grading of the extra-thyroidal extension was based on both pathological findings and intraoperative surgical findings. Clinicopathological factors associated with each group were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. We divided the cases into two groups according to age (<45 yrs, ≥45 yrs) and lymph node status (positive, negative), and compared each group with regards to disease free survival according to the grading of the extra-thyroidal extension. Results: By univariate analysis, a minimal extra-thyroidal extension was related to lymph node metastasis, tumor size, mutifocality (P<0.05), and was not related to cervical lymph node recurrence statistically (P=0.108). Cervical lymph node recurrence was related to being male, lymph node metastasis and tumor size (P<0.05). By multivariate analysis, a minimal extra-thyroidal extension was independently related to tumor size, multifocality, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). In both groups with regards to age and lymph node status, a minimal extra-thyroidal extension was not statistically related to disease free survival (P>0.05). Conclusion: We need to downstage to less than T3 for a minimal extra-thyroidal extension because there is no significant difference in disease free survival according to the grading of an extra-thyroidal extension in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.
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DTS 기반 온도 감시 및 온도 조건에서의 배터리 셀 열화 특성 분석
권순종,김수연,황진,우상균,김봉석,SoonJong, Kwon,Soo-Yeon, Kim,Jin, Hwang,Sang-Kyun, Woo,Bong-Suck, Kim 한국전력공사 2022 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.8 No.2
As ESS safety issues increase recently, there is a need to more precisely monitor the temperature of the ESS. In this paper, DTS technology for temperature monitoring of ESS batteries is introduced and the temperature measurement principle is explained. The temperature of the battery module is measured using the DTS system, and the thermal deviation between battery cells inside the battery module is analyzed. In order to analyze how thermal imbalance affects the charging and discharging performance of the battery, an accelerated degradation test was conducted. Cycle life characteristics analysis, battery surface temperature change, and AC impedance characteristics were conducted to analyze how the performance of battery cells differs according to temperature conditions.
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디젤기관에서 매연과 NOx의 동시저감을 위한 모노에테르계 함산소연료와 EGR 방법의 조합에 관한 연구
최승훈,황윤택,김우상,오영택 전북대학교 공학연구원 ( 구 전북대학교 공업기술연구소 ) 2002 工學硏究 Vol.33 No.-
In this paper, the effect of oxygen component in fuel on the exhaust emissions has been investigated for a direct injection diesel engine. It was tested to estimate change of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics for the commercial diesel fuel and oxygenated blended fuel which has seven kinds of mixed ratio. And, the effects of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) on the characteristics of NO_x emission have been investigated. Ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether(EGBE) contains oxygen component 27% in itself, and it is a kind of effective oxygenated fuel of mono-ether group that the smoke emission of EGBE is reduced remarkably compared with commercial diesel fuel, that is, it can supply oxygen component sufficiently at higher loads and speeds in a diesel engine. It was found that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NO_x was achieved with oxygenated fuel and cooled EGR method.
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