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소나무(Pinus densiflora) 생육토양의 미생물 군집에 미치는 납과 CO<sub>2</sub>의 영향
홍선화,김성현,강호정,류희욱,이상돈,이인숙,조경숙,Hong, Sun-Hwa,Kim, Sung-Hyun,Kang, Ho-Jeong,Ryu, Hee-Wook,Lee, Sang-Don,Lee, In-Sook,Cho, Kyung-Suk 한국생태학회 2006 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.29 No.6
우리나라 산림의 대표적 인 침엽수인 소나무(Pinus densiflora) 생육 토양의 미생물 군집에 미치는 $CO_2$와 납의 영향을 파악하기 위해, 군집 수준 기질 이용도를 평가하는 CLPP (community level rhysiological profiles) 방법과 165 rDNA PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) 방법을 활용하여 토양 미생물군집 특성을 조사하였다. 납 오염 토양(500 mg/kg-soil)과 비오염 토양에 2년생 소나무를 식재한 후, $CO_2$ 농도를 380 ppmv 혹은 760 ppmv으로 조절한 배양기에서 3개월간 생육시킨 후 6종류의 토앙 시료의 미생물 군집을 비교 분석하였다. 3개월 후 비오염 토양(CA-3M vs EA-3M)의 기질 이용도는 $CO_2$에 의해 크게 영향을 받지 않았으나, 납오염 토양(OB-3M vs EB-3M)의 경우에는 $CO_2$를 760 ppmv로 높인 토양 시료(EB-3M)의 기질 이용도가 높았다. 각 시료간의 기질 이용도를 이용하여 PCA를 수행한 결과, 각 토양시료의 미생물 군집은 납의 존재 유무에 따라 그룹화 되었다. 비오염 토양(CA-3M vs EA-3M))사이의 DGGE fingerprint 유사성은 56.3%, 납 오염 토양(CB-3M vs EB-3M) 사이의 DGGE fingerprint 유사성은 71.4%였다. 동일 $CO_2$ 농도 시료인 CA-3M과 CB-3M사이의 유사성은 53.3%, EA-3M과 EB-3M사이의 유사성은 35.8%이었다. 이러한 결과는 소나무를 식재한 토양의 세균 군집 구조는 $CO_2$ 농도보다는 납 오염 여부에 의해 더 민감하게 특성화됨을 의미한다. Effects of Pb and $CO_2$ on soil microbial community associated with Pinus densiflora were investigated using community level physiological profiles (CLPP) and 16S rDNA PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) methods. Two-years pine trees were planted in Pb-contaminated soils and uncontaminated soils, and cultivated for 3 months in the growth chamber where $CO_2$ concentration was controlled at 380 or 760 ppmv. The structure of microbial community was analyzed in 6 kinds of soil samples (CA-0M : $CO_2$ 380 ppmv + Pb 0 mg/kg + initial, CB-0M : $CO_2$ 380 ppmv + Pb 500 mg/kg + initial, CA-3M : $CO_2$ 380 ppmv + Pb 0 mg/kg + after 3 months, CB-3M : $CO_2$ 380 ppmv + Pb 500 mglkg + after 3 months, EA-3M : $CO_2$ 760 ppmv + Pb 0 mg/kg + after 3 months, EB-3M : $CO_2$ 760 ppmv + Pb 500 mg/kg + after 3 months). After 3 months, the substrate utilization in the uncontaminated soil samples (CA-3M vs EA-3M) was not significantly influenced by $CO_2$ concentrations. However, the substrate utilization in the Pb-contaminated soil samples (CB-3M vs EB-3M) was enhanced by the elevated $CO_2$ concentrations. The results of principal component analysis based on substrate utilization activities showed that the structure of microbial community structure in each soil sample was grouped by Pb-contamination. The similarities of DGGE fingerprints were 56.3 % between the uncontaminated soil samples (CA-3M vs EA-3M), and 71.4% between the Pb-contaminated soil samples (CB-3M vs. EB-3M). The similarities between the soil samples under $CO_2$ 380 ppmv (CA-3M vs CB-3M) and $CO_2$, 760 ppmv (EA-3M vs EB-3M) were 53.3% and 35.8%, respectively. These results suggested that the structure of microbial community associated with Pinus densiflora were sensitively specialized by Pb-contamination rather than $CO_2$ concentration.
A Spontaneous Uterine Leiomyosarcoma in an Aged Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)
홍선화,이현아,송제호,김옥진 한국실험동물학회 2009 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.25 No.1
A spontaneous uterine leiomyosarcoma was observed in a 2-year-old female Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus). Postmortem examination revealed that the left horn of the uterus was enlarged and nodular shaped. The masses were white, smooth, and glistened at the cut surfaces. Histologically, the pedunculated masses were continuous with the myometrium, which were composed of closely packed sheets of spindle cells embedded in richly vascularized stroma and covered by a discontinuous endometrial epithelium. A variably abundant clear to collagenous matrix separated the neoplastic cells, which had scant to moderate, fibrillar, frequently vacuolated eosinophilic cytoplasm with indistinct borders. The nuclei of these cells were irregularly round to oval with blunt ends, stippled chromatin and indistinct nucleoli. There was moderate nuclear and cellular pleomorphism, with pleomorphic cells that were more abundant in the larger masses. A few lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, and hemosiderophages were scattered among the spindle cells. Several macrophages that contained darkbrownpigment were also present within the epithelium and superficial portions of the masses. Based on the hitopathological findings, this case was diagnosed as a uterine leiomyosarcoma in a Mongolian gerbil.
Spontaneous Ovarian Mucinous Adenocarcinama in a Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)
홍선화,이현아,김옥진 한국실험동물학회 2008 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.24 No.4
An ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma was found in a 5-month-old female Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus). The animal was evaluated because of slowly progressive abdominal enlargement. Postmortem examination revealed clear, pale, straw-colored fluid in the peritoneal cavity. The left ovary was very huge size as 2x5x3 cm and nodular shaped. Histologically, the tumor was composed of various sizes of multilocular cystic glands lined by a single layer of mucin-filled epithelium. Each of these cystic glands was surrounded by a large amount of solid fibrous stroma resembling smooth muscle. Also, undifferentiated tumor cells were found frequently. The ovarian surface epithelium showed partial invasiveness into the ovarian cortex, and a transition was observed between the surface epithelium and the mucinous cyst-forming epithelium. On the basis of histopathological findings, this case was diagnosed as an ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma. To our knowledge, this report may be the first case of mucinous adenocarcinoma in Mongolian gerbil.
Anticoccidial effects of the Plantago asiatica extract on experimental Eimeria tenella infection
홍선화,오기욱,강원국,김옥진 한국실험동물학회 2016 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.32 No.1
Anticoccidial effects of the Plantago asiatica extract (PAE) were evaluated in chickens following oral infection with Eimeria (E.) tenella. This study was conducted on the 3-day-old chickens (n=30). Those animals were divided with 3 groups; PAE 0.1% treated/infected (n=10), PAE untreated/infected (n=10) and non-infected control (n=10). Chickens were fed a standard diet supplemented with or without PAE for 1 week prior to infection with E. tenella (10,000 sporulated oocysts per chicken). The effects of PAE on E. tenella infection were assessed by two parameters; fecal oocysts shedding and body weights gain. The PAE-fed chickens produced significantly reduced fecal oocysts (P<0.05) when compared to the E. tenellainfected group fed standard diet. Also, PAE-based diet, improved body weight loss caused by E. tenella infection. Our data demonstrated that PAE had remarkable anticoccidial activities against E. tenella. This finding might have implications for the development of anticoccidial drug. This study is the first to demonstrate anticoccidial effect of PAE on Eimeria parasites.