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老人의 活動量이 體型 및 열량 필요량에 미치는 영향(II) : 老年期 女性의 體型을 중심으로 Focusing on the Body Types of Elderly Women
함옥상 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1990 科學論集 Vol.16 No.-
Of all the problems on the clothing for the elderly,that of clothing construction according to the changes in their appearance and physique is the most outstanding. For the purpose of studying the changes in the body types of elderly women, this paper examined from five view points:age, toughness of the work of past, and present, the amount of calorie intake and residential area. And also it analyzed the body measurements and the silhouettes of the photographs of the elderly. The result of the examination is as follows. 1. Age The analysis of the body measurements showed that for most of the items the sizes tended to be smaller with ages and that for the items of girth and depth, the sizes of those who were from 65 to 69 years old were the largest. The photographs revealed that as they grew older, the elderly women had more bent waists and knees and less protrusive upper trunks and abdomens. 2. Toughness of the work of past After all measurements it was seen that for all the items the sizes of those who underwent tough work in the past were samller than those of the women who did easy work. In particular their sizes in the items of girth and weight turned out to be smaller. The photographs showed those women with tough work of past had more bent waists and kness and less protrusive upper trunks and abdomens. 3. Toughness of the work of present The body measurements showed us that the elderly women who did tough work of present had larger sized in the items of height. And in the items of girth, the sizes of their busts, waists, abdomens and hips were smaller but the sixes of thighs and upper arms were larger. The photographs revealed that the elderly women who did tough work of present had less bent backs and knees, and less protrusive abdomen and upper trunks. 4. Amount of calorie Intake The body measurements revealed that those who had much intake of calorie had larger sixes in the items of girth. weight and stature. The photographs made it known that those who had much intake of calorie had more protrusive upper trunks and abdomens. 5. Residential Area The body measurements showed residential areas made little difference in the sixes of items but those living in cities had a little larger sizes in the items of girth, stature and weigth. The photographs revealed that those in cities had protrusive hip and a little bent waist.
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함옥상 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1997 科學論集 Vol.23 No.-
AbstractFor this study, the elderly women were divided into two groups, those in their sixties and seventies and the differences of boby type between these two groups were examined. Then the boby types were categorized through factor analysis and cluster analysis. The results of the examination are as follows : 1. As they grew older, the characteristics of boby type in elderly women are a decrease height and an enlargement of the waist and abdomen area. 2. Six factors were extracted from factor analysis : the first one is obesity. the second is height, the third is width of the back and the fourth is center front bodice length. And almost the same factor were shown in early old age and in late old age. 3. After cluster analysis, four body types were categorized. Type 1 is tall and fat, type 2 is quite short and thin, type 3 is quite tall and thin and type 4 is short and fat. And a higher ratio of type 3 was observed in early old age and type 4 in late old age.
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함옥상 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1975 科學論集 Vol.2 No.-
Presently now few kinds of lining fabrics are available on the markets. From them six samples such as a polyester, a nylon, two acetate and two viscos rayon fabrics were picked up. And an attempt was made to test the clothing fabrication of these materials as the lining from the standpoint of clothing construction. The efficiency of the clothing fabrication tasted in the study were fabric strength, appearance stability, sanitary condition, ornament and preservation quality. The results obtained from the study are as follows: 1. The fabric of the highest strength were nylon and polyester and of the lowest strength was viscos rayon(D). 2. The best fabric in terms of appearance stability were polyester and nylon and the worst one was viscos rayon. 3. Viscos rayon(F) was the most superior and acetate(D) was the worst one in terms of the ventilation efficiency related to the sanitary condition. 4. Acetate(D) was the most suitable for the personal ornament and the vice versa was true for the acetate(D). 5. Preservation efficacy test indicated that the viscose rayon fabric(F) was to be loosed most easily and polyester and nylon fabric posessed the oposite property.
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함옥상,조경애 대한인간공학회 1997 대한인간공학회지 Vol.16 No.1
This study aims at designing sleeves which are suitable for arm shapes and arm movements. With the samples of of ordinary 24 women aged from 20 to 22, the arm shapes and movements were measured 3-dimensionally using a motion analyzer and a sonic digitizer, and then clasified into three characteristic types (A, B, and C). Our analysis leads to the following conclusion. The factors classifying arm shapes are the length from acromion to posterior armpit point, arm hole length, the cap height, difference in height between anterior and posterior armpit points, armhole circumference, upper arm circumferemce, armhole depth, and underarm circumference. The characteristics of arm type A is that the armhole depth and the length from acromion to posterior armpit point are the largest, while the circumference inbe- tween upper arm and elbow is the smallest among the three arm types. Thus, the large circumference difference between upper and lower arms is the most notable in arm type A. The factors classifying arm shapes for arm type B are the smallest except for the circumference inbetween upper arm and elbow which is larger than that for arm type A. The circumference difference betweemn upper and lower arms is small for arm type B. Arm type C has the smallest armhole depth, while other factors are similar to those for arm type B. In type C, the size of upper arm is comparatively small on the frontal plane, while it is the largest on the sagital plane.
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함옥상,심정희,박장숙 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 2002 科學論集 Vol.- No.-
The purpose of this study is to analysis somatotype of middle-aged women's lower body, the actual numerical figures of subjects' body were analyzed Second, using some important factors of shaping the lower body, all the data were categorized into several distinctive types. The results of the study are as follows. 1. Seven factors were derived from analyzing the data gathered by actually measuring the subjects' body. Factor 1 is the length of lower half of the body, factor 2 is the thickness of waist and abdomen, factor 3 is the thickness of the calf and ankle, factor 4 is the thickness of hip and thigh, factor 5 is the thickness of knees, factor 6 is the length of hip and back depth, factor 7 is the width of hip and thigh. 2. On a basis of analyzing the above factors, all the subjects were classified into four distinctive types. Type 1 can be characterized as the shortest and the stoutest type, which has a heavy waist, prominent abdomen, large hip and thigh, while the calves and the ankles are thin. Type 2 is generally long and thin type whose length of hip and back depth is quite short while the thickness of things is the slimmest of all types. Type 3 is tall but the length of hip and back depth is the longest of all and the thickness of hop and thigh is also high. Type 4 is comparatively medium-length and medium-build, however, the length of hip and back depth is the shortest of all types, while the thickness of calf and ankle is the thickest of all. 4. Age distribution for each type is shown as follows: Type 1 is most liable in the age group of 50∼54, and then in 45∼49, 40∼44. Type 2 is most likely in the age group of 45∼49, and then in 50∼54, 40∼44. Type 3 is mostly found in the age group of 40∼44, and then 50∼54, 45∼49. Finally, type 4 is close to the age group 40∼44, and then 45∼49, but is far from the age group 50∼54. 4. These are the ranges of Ro¨hrer's Index according to the types. Type 1 is mostly shown in heavy-builders, and then medium-builders, which is hardly found in thin people. Type 2 is usually found in medium-builders, and then in this people. Type 3 is the same as type 2 Type 4 is also mostly found in medium-builders, and then in heavy-builders.
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