견사(絹사) Lousiness에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (2)

최병희 ( B. H. Choe ),김낙정 ( N. C. Kim ),박광의 ( K. E. Park ),남중희 ( C. H. Nam ) 한국잠사학회 1964 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.4 No.-

본 연구는 견사 lousiness와 유전관련성을 구명하여 도태가능성 여부를 조사하는 반면, 그 외 도태가능성이 불완전하였으므로 정련방법의 개량으로 인하여 lousiness의 개선을 기도하였던 바 얻어진 결론은 다음과 같았다. (A) lousiness의 유전관계문제 1. 교잡에 의한 lousiness 감소는 11.0%이었다. 2. lousiness의 유전은 불완전우성으로 유전한다. 3. lousiness를 발생하는 유전은 누적적으로 작용하고 2종 이상의 유전자가 lousiness 발생에 작용하는 것으로 고찰된다. 4. 잠견의 실용형질과 lousiness와는 유전상관관계가 없다. 5. 다계량계통의 잠품종에서 반드시 lousiness의 발생이 많다고 할 수 없다. 6. 본 실험에서의 lousiness 검경은 생계의 exforiation 시험결과와 동일하였다. (B) 정련에 의한 lousiness 개선문제 1. 양 ion계 화학연화제 0.2% 용액을 95℃ 하에서 30분간 처리할 때 lousiness 발생을 억제하면서 정련할 수 있었다. 2. 음 ion계 화학연화제는 생사정련에 불합격하였다. 3. 양 ion계 연화제를 상기조건하에 처리할 때 견사의 물리적성질에 변화가 없었다. 4. 석검정련은 lousiness 발생을 용이하게 시킨다. This treatise was carried out to study the hereditary phenomenon of silk lousiness and the interaction of genes related with silk lousiness. It was also studied how to improve the silk lousiness of general raw silk by refining process because the selective process was found as unsatisfactory method. The conclusions reached were as follows. A. Conclusions related with genetic problem. 1. The decreased effects of the lousiness were 11 % in the F1 hybrids. 2. Lousiness was considered to inherit as the incomplete dominance. 3. The effects of the lousiness gene were additive, and the lousiness of raw silk might be influenced by more than two genes. 4. The quantitative characters of cocoons were not genetically correlated with the occurrence of lousiness. 5. Lousiness could not be said to occur more in the heavy-cocoon strains. 6. The microscopic lousiness test of this paper showed the same result of the international exforiation test. B. Conclusions related with lousiness improvement. 1. Raw silk was able to be refined by the employment of 0.2% cationic softener solution for 30 minutes at 95℃, supressing the occurrence of lousiness. 2. Anionic chemical softener was not available for silk refining process. 3. The above cationic softener refining prosess did not cause any physical defect for the silk fiber. 4. Soap refining process caused silk lousiness easily.

견사(絹絲) Lousiness에 대(對)한 연구(硏究) (1)

최병희 ( B. H. Choe ),김낙정 ( N. C. Kim ),박광의 ( K. E. Park ),남중희 ( C. H. Nam ) 한국잠사학회 1963 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.3 No.-

본 실험은 견직물 Lousiness의 가시조건을 세우고 잠견 Lousiness 검사를 초제련에 의하여 새로운 검사기준을 규정하는 동시에 견사선해부관찰로서 Lousiness 근절가능성과 잠견 Lousiness의 개선여부를 검사하는 데 목적이 있으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 직물섬유방향이 광선방향과 평면도입장에서 일치할 때 가장 잘 보인다. 그러나 광선방향과 섬유방향의 평면 각도가 커질수록 Lousiness 출현이 감소하고 어느 한계각(30도)을 초과하면 Lousiness가 보이지 않는다. 이 각도를 Lousiness 수평임계각(Lousiness Horizontal Critical Angle)이라고 명명하였다. 2. 광선의 대직물입사각도가 6도일 때 가장 잘 보이고 입사각도가 커짐에 따라 Lousiness 출현정도가 감소하고 역시 어느 한계각도(45도)를 초과하면 Lousiness가 보이지 않는다. 이 때의 한계각도를 Lousiness 수직임계각(Lousiness Vertical Critical Angle)이라고 명명하였다. 3. 직물조직으로서는 평직이 Lousiness 출현도가 가장 적고, 능직, 및 교직은 그의 출현도가 크다. 4. Lousiness를 3가지로 대별하고 일반세섬유형을 Lousiness A, 집단형을 Lousiness B, glucose형을 Lousiness C로 명명하였으며, 평점에 필요한 표준사진을 작성하였다. 5. 초정련방법으로서 8시간이 적당하였다. 6. 주섬유와 세섬유의 직경차가 클수록 Lousiness 발생이 심하며 일반 Lousiness는 주견단계의 1/4∼1/5의 직경이었다. 7. 견부위별로는 견양단부견층부위별로는 중층에 Lousiness가 많았는데 이것은 토계영견중의 견사긴완차에 기인한다. 8. 자웅간에는 자견이 웅견보다 Lousiness가 많았다. 9. 견사선해부로서 정상견사선에도 세섬유화할 가능성이 있음을 구명하였고, 여러 가지 이상견사선으로 Lousiness가 발생하게 되는 소인이 있음을 알았다. 또 Lousiness의 품종도태로 인한 개선은 이상견사선제거로 어느 정도 가능할 뿐이다. 10. 도태 후 차대견계는 초정련법으로 도태한 바 많은 효과를 얻었다. This treatise is to set up a fundamental condition of checking silk lousiness and to set up a new improving method of cocoon bave lousiness after super refining treatment. It is also studied whether silk lousiness can be eliminated through the observation of the silk gland, or the lousiness can be able to improve through such a study. The conclusions obtained in this paper are as follows. 1. Silk lousiness is able to be observed most properly when the light direction and the fiber direction are parallel in plan view of the silk cloth and the greater the angle between them is, the less the lousiness is observed. When, however, the angle is greater than some specific angle(30°), no more lousiness is observed. This specific angle is named by the author as Lousiness Horizontal Critical Angle. 2. Silk lousiness can be observed when the angle of light incidence against the silk cloth is six degrees, while the larger the angle is, the less the lousiness is observed. When, however, the angle is greater than same specific angle(45°) the lousiness disappears. Such a specific angle is named by the author as Lousiness Vertical Critical Angle. 3. The best textile composition to decrease lousiness defect is plan weave, while twill and satin weave show more lousiness with the same silk fiber. 4. Lousiness was classified as Lousiness A, B, and C of which A was the general lousiness, B was the group type, and C was the glucose type and the standard photographs for the lousiness grading of these types were prepared. 5. The proper soap-refining hours of silk for lousiness test was eight hours. 6. The greater the difference of fiber diameter between the cocoon single bave and the splitend was the more lousiness was composed. The normal splitends were measured as 1/4-1/5 of the main fiber. 7. The lousiness was found at the cocoon shape ends more than other parts, and found at the middle cocoon layer than other layer which was imagined to be as a result of poor uniform bave spinning of silk worm. 8. Female cocoon had more lousiness than the male cocoon. 9. It was found that there was a great possibility to have the splitends through the observation of the anatomical silkgland, and the author reached a conclusion that the lousiness can be improved to a certain degree only by the elimination of abnormal silk gland from the breeding aspects. 10. The cocoon bave of the offspring after super refining lousiness test and selection showed more improved lousiness defect than that of the parents.

마취제처리(麻醉劑處理)에 의한 잠아선발(蠶兒選拔) 연구(硏究)(1)

최병희 ( B. H. Choe ),강석권 ( S. K. Kang ),김정일 ( J. I. Kim ) 한국잠사학회 1971 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구는 아무도 시도한 바 없든 곤충에 대한 마취제처리를 필자가 최초로 잠아에 응용함으로써 잠아의 건강성과 영견성을 좀더 과학적인 근거를 가지고 판단분리하고 나아가서 원잠종보전이나 원잠선발에도 응용할 수 있는지의 여부를 검토하기 위하여 시작한 것이다. 지금까지 제사용견의 불균일성을 양잠가의 기술불평등에만 책임을 물어 왔으나 필자는 잠아자체의 불균일성이 어느만치 있는지 먼저 알아야 되겠고 만일 있다면 이것을 개선하는 방법이 있어야 되겠다는 동기에서 이 연구를 착수하게 되었는데 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 잠아는 그 성장도에 따라 마취소요시간이 길어지며 5령 3일차일 때에는 2~3분간에 ether 마취제로 포화된 실내에서 마취가 완료되었다. 2. 잠아의 마취회생에 필요한 시간은 마취처리시간이 길수록 길어지나 5분간 처리시는 5~130분이 소요되어 상상 이외로 개체간 회생격차를 보였다. 3. ether 마취시에는 마취처리 도중 수%의 잠아가 위액을 토하였고 chloroform 마취시는 대부분의 잠아가 구토하여 ether 증기마취가 가장 실용적이었다. 4. 마취시간이 20~30분간 일 때 까지는 회생잠아가 식상하나 3시간 이상일 때는 식상을 못하게 되고 마취시간이 15분을 넘으면 식상을 하여도 영견불능의 결과를 초래하였다. 5. 잠아 5령 3일차 급상전에 5분간 ether 마취시킨바 건강한 잠품종일수록 빨리 마취에서 회생하였다. 6. 같은 품종이라 하더라도 잠아개체 강건성에 따라 마취회생시간이 다르며 대략 Poisson 분포를 형성하는 회생시간분포이었다. 7. 자잠이 웅잠보다 마취회생이 빠른 경향이며 자잠이 웅잠보다 강하다는 일반인식과 동일한 결과를 보였다. 8. 마취에서 회생하는 시간별로 3구분하고 영잠시킨 결과 마취에서 늦게 회생한 잠아견은 용체가 작은 대신 견층비율이 크고 이러한 경향이 어느 한도까지는 지속되나 다시 견층비율은 작아지기 시작하였다. 필자 최는 마취회생시간과 견층비율의 상관관계곡선을 "잠아 생산성 판정곡선 (Silk Yield Curve against Silkworm Health)"라고 명명하였다. 9. 동일원종견이면서도 견층비율이 13~27%이었으며 원종견자체에 상상 이외로 불균일성이 있었음을 알았고 일단 고정되었다고 하여 안심할 수 없는 사실을 알았다. 10. 또한 비록 견층비율이 많다 하여 잠아를 무조건 선발 하는 것도 위험한 방법이면 그 건강성 판단과 더불어 이루어져야 될 것이다. 11. 지금까지는 소위 숙련자의 육안관찰로 인한 잠아 선발방법이었으나 마취제처리로 미숙련자라도 잠아선발할 수 있는 방법이라 판정하였다. 12. 마취제처리잠의 차대잠 및 교잡잠에 미치는 영향은 차보에서 보고할 것이다. The author is the first man who tried to use an anesthetic on insect specially for silkworm in orde to evaluate the silkworm health and silk yielding ability and the obtained results are as followings. 1. The necessary ether vapor induction for narcosis on silkworms is varied by the glowth of the silkworm which the larger worm is, the longer induction is required. For instance, it was 2∼3 minutes for the worms of third day fifth instar silkworm in case use of ether anesthetic. 2. The longer anesthetic induction for silkworms, the longer recovery needs from anesthesia. In case five minutes ether vapor induction, silkworms recovered narcosis during in 5∼130 minutes which had varied very much by the health variation. 3. The ether induction caused silkworm to vomit digestive juice from a few per cent of the worms, but the chloroform induction showed majority of the worms to vomit the digestive juice out of mouth. So, the ether was found as better anesthetic for silkworms. 4. When ether induction last more than 20∼30 minutes, the recovered silkworms can eat mulberry, but when it gets more than three hours they can not eat mulberry. And when it last more than ten minutes, the silkworm may eat mulberry leaf, but they can not spinn cocoon properly. 5. In case five minutes ether induction for silkworms on third day fifth instar, the stronger variety is, the earlier recovered from narcosis. 6. The recovering duration from narcosis varies regarding with each worm health which shows Poisson`s distribution even in a same variety silkworm. 7. The female worms recover from narcosis earlier than male worms which means the female worm is stronger than male one. 8. The later recovered silkworm from narcosis spinned more rich cocoon silk and ended with smaller pupae weight. Such a tendency showed until at some recovery duration, then the silk yield dropped down on the worms recovered in more longer duration. The author (Choe) had named such a relation curve as "Silk Yield Curve against Silkworm Health." 9. The silk yield or cocoon layer ratio had varied from 13 to 27% even in a same worm varity cocoon which showed serious variation and call attention carefulness for the duplication work of a variety silkworm eggs. 10. Not always the rich silk yielding worm is the best worm during the silkworm selection and it should be considered with the silkworm health evaluation. 11. At present situation, only specific breeding expert is allowed to join in the selection service because of need many years experience by use of visual observation, but the ether anesthesia method may help such an evaluation with more accuracy and easy way even for the people in fresh on the field. 12. The effect of the narcosis on the silkworm for the next generation or hybrid worm will be reported in next publication.

이상견(異常繭)이 제사과정(製絲過程)에 있어서 사질(絲質)에 미치는 영향(影響)

최병희 ( B. H. Choe ),신원집 ( W. J. Shin ) 한국잠사학회 1971 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.13 No.1

본 실험은 이상견이 제사과정에 있어서 사질에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 수행된 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 견장, 견폭, 견중, 견층중 견층비율은 이상견이 정상견에 비하여 0.83∼4.65%가 떨어진다. 2. 견층의 두께는 20.62∼22.42%가 이상견이 정상견에 비하여 얇다. 3. 견층 sericin의 용해도는 11.75∼30.05%가 이상견이 정상견에 비하여 높다. 4. 견층연감율은 이상견이 정상견보다 6.51∼9.32% 높다. 5. 이상견은 정상견에 비하여 견사장 9.43%, 견사량 8.53% 생사량비율 6.72%가 떨어진다. 6. 해서율은 이상견이 정상견보다 9.58% 저하하였다. 7. 소절은 이상견이 정상견에 비하여 3점 떨어진다. 8. 대중절은 정상견에 비하여 이상견이 1.5∼3.8배나 많았으므로 대중절성적은 16.3점이 저하되었는데 이는 특히 split ends가 많은 것에 기인된 것이다. 9. 양견수는 이상견에 있어서 정상견에 비해 1.4∼5.5배가 많고 사조고장의 주요원인이 되는 마디수는 1.9∼3.5배나 많았다. This experiment was conducted to know the effects of abnormal cocoons on the silk quality during the silk reeling process. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The length, the width, the weight, the layer weight, and the layer ratio of abnormal cocoons are in every case 0.83∼4.65% less than those of normal cocoons. 2. The thickness of the abnormal cocoon layer is at)out 20.62∼22.4% less than that of the normal cocoon. 3. The sericin solubility of tile abnormal cocoon layer is about 11.75∼30% more than that of the normal cocoon layer. 4. The degumming ratio of the abnormal cocoon layer is about 6.51∼9.32% more than that of the normal cocoon layer. 5. The length of a bave, the weight of a bave and percentage of raw silk yield of the abnormal cocoon are decreased 9.43%, 8.53% and 6.72% each as compared with those of the normal cocoon. 6. The percentage of reelability of abnormal cocoons is decreased 9.58% as compared with that of normal cocoons. 7. The neatness of abnormal cocoons is 3 per cent lower than that of normal cocoons. 8. In the cleanness test of abnormal cocoons, the number of split ends i9 about 1.5∼3.8 times as much as that of normal cocoons. Especially cleanness of abnormal cocoons is 16.3 per cent lower than that of normal cocoons. 9. The number of non-reelable cocoons of abnormal cocoons is increased 1.4∼5.5 times as much as that of normal cocoons. In abnormal cocoon, the number of knot which resulted in the breaking of silk end is increased 1.9∼3.5 times as much as that in normal cocoon.

제사용수(製絲用水)의 경도성분(硬度成分)과 해서촉진제(解舒促進劑)와의 관계(關係)

최병희 ( B. H. Choe ),이용우 ( Y. O. Rhee ) 한국잠사학회 1971 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.13 No.1

본 논제는 제사공장에서 사용하고 있는 용수중에 비교적 많이 함유되어 있는 경도성분 및 기타 무기성분이 해서촉진제 특히 1965년 본인이 개발한 "Seracol 100"의 sericin 용해성에 어떻게 영향을 미치는가를 구명하기 위해 수행된 것인바 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 경도 5°dH 이하에서는 경도성분의 차이에 관계없이 "Seracol 100" 첨가구에서 sericin 용해량이 많았으나 10°dH 이상에서는 성분의 종류에 따라 차이가 있었고 (MgCO3)4·Mg(OH)2 이외에는 일반적으로 경도가 높아짐에 따라 sericin 용해량은 감소하였으며 해서촉진제의 농도에 관한 효과로서 "Seracol 100"의 1000배 희석구와 2000배 희석구 사이에는 큰 차를 인정할 수 없었다. 2) 경도성분별 sericin 용해성에 미치는 차이는 "Seracol 100" 처리구에서는 Mg경도>Ca경도이나, 무처리구에서는 Mg경도>Ca경도로 되었다. 3) 경도성분의 염류형태별 sericin 용해성에 미치는 영향은 "Seracol 100" 무처리구에서 NO3>Cl>SO4이었고 "Seracol 100" 처리구에서는 경도 10°dH 이하에서 NO3->SO4(-2)>Cl-이고, 15°dH 이상에서는 SO4(-2)>NO3(-2)>Cl-이었다. 4) Ca 및 Mg 경도성분 이외의 용존염류와 해서촉진제의 작용 사이에는 "Seracol 100"을 처리한 경우 중금속염(Fe, Al, Cu, Mn)의 증가는 sericin 용해성을 감소시켰으며 기타염류의 증가는 sericin 용해성에 큰 영향을 주지 못했고 alkali 성 금속염의 증가는 용해성을 현저히 증가시켰다. 5) "Seracol 100" 증가에 의한 경도성분 및 염류용수의 색변화는 Ca염용수가 Mg염용수에서 보다 컸으며 기타 영용수중 Al, Fe염용수 이외에는 변화가 거의 없었으나 특히 Fe염용수에서의 색변화는 "Seracol 100" 처리구가 무처리구에서 보다 크고 그 수용에 각각 처리된 생사의 색택은 이와 반대로 나타난 것으로 보아 "Seracol 100"이 Fe+2의 활성화를 저해하여 생사의 흡착을 억제하는 작용을 가지고 있다고 사료된다. 6) "Seracol 100"이 삼투력에 미치는 영향에 있어서 용수의 상승력은 처리 후 2시간까지는 "Seracol 100" 1000배 희석구>2000배 희석구>무처리구 이었으나, 2시간 후부터 6시간 까지 에서는 2000배 희석구>1000배 희석구>무처리구이고 이후는 처음과 같은 순으로 되었다. 7) 해석촉진제와 경도변화와의 관계에서 단일경도성분용수에 견층을 처리하는 경우 "Seracol 100"을 희석하면 그 용수에서의 경도변화는 거의 없으나 희석하지 않으면 용수의 경도는 약간 높아진다는 점에서 "Seracol 100"이 용수중의 경도성분 이외에도 견층중의 경도성분용출을 감소시키는 작용을 하는 것으로 추측된다. This experiment was conducted, how making use of "Seracol 100", a kind of nonionic surface active reagent, during cocoon cooking and silk reeling process which is mainly used in Korea and developed by one of the authors since 1965. Main purpose of the experiment is to investigate the influence of the activity of the reelability aid reagent on various degree of hardness component and various salts which are contained in filature water being used by silk factories now. Specifically, it was tried to determine the effects of the reelability aid reagent added to each sample water of artificially differentiated the degree of hardness component upon sericin solubility. Some of the major findings are summarized as follows. 1. "Seracol 100", with below 5°dH water, increased sericin solubility in each sample water, but above 10°dH the effect of it shows a significant relationship with the different degree of hardness component. Besides the component (MgCO3)4ㆍMg(OH)2, generally, the higher the degree of hardness in the water, the less the amount of desolved sericin in the water showed. There is little or no difference between 1000 times diluted "Seracol 100" water and 2000 times diluted "Seracol 100" water in terms of sericin solubility. 2. The different kind of degree of hardness component shows a significant relationship with sericin solubility, In case use of "Seracol 100", Mg hardness component affected on the sericin solubility more than Ca hardness. But in the control, contrary to this, that is Ca hardness component did more than Mg hardness. 3. The different kind of salts in degree of hardness component show a significant relationship with sericin solubility. In the control water, nitrate is the greatest among salts affecting on sericin solubility, next chloride and sulfate are in order. In case of "Seracol 100" water, chloride is the least among salts, below 10°dH, next sulfate and nitrate are in order, and above 15°dH, next nitrate and sulfate are in order. 4. In case of "Seracol 100" water, the more contained heavy metal salts (Fe, Al, Cu, Mn) in the water, the less sericin solubility showed. It is found that there is little or no difference among other salts in terms of sericin solubility. But alkaline metal salt remarkably increased sericin solubility. 5. In case of "Seracol 100" water, tinting of the water was affected by Ca salts more than by Mg salts. Among other salts, only Al and Fe affected on the tinting of the water, specifically, in view of the fact that "Seracol 100" water increase the tinting of Fe salt water, but decrease the tinting of raw silk. It is thought that "Seracol 100" deter Fe+2 from absorbing to raw silk by deteriorating the activity of Fe+2. 6. "Seracol 100" have the effect on osmosis of the water, After treatment until 2hrs the osmosis of 1000 times diluted "Seracol 100" water is the greatest, next orders are 2000 times diluted "Seracol 100" and control. From 2 hrs to 6 hrs the osmosis of 2000 times diluted water is the greatest, next orders are 1000 times diluted water and control. After 6 hrs the osmosis of the water is the same order as above. 7. In view of tile fact that "Seracol 100" have the effect to control the degree of hardness during the treatment of cocoon layer in the water, it is thought that, in varying degree of hardness in the water, there is a significant relationship between "Seracol 100" and degree of hardness components in cocoon layer.

조사속도(繰絲速度) 및 조사탕온도(繰絲湯溫度)의 고저(高低)가 자동조사성적(自動繰絲成績)에 미치는 영향(影響)

최병희 ( B. H. Choe ),송기언 ( K. Y. Song ),이인전 ( I. J. Rhee ) 한국잠사학회 1970 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.11 No.-

본 시험은 우리나라의 원료견질에 적합한 자동조사의 기술체계를 확립하기 위한 기초연구로서 다음 결과를 얻었다. 1. 생사량비율 및 해서률은 조사속도의 상승 및 조사탕온도의 저하에 따라서 감소하는 경향이다. 2. 조사장력은 조사속도의 상승 및 조사탕속도의 저하에 따라서 증대하는 경향이다. 3. 사조고장 회수는 조사속도 및 조사탕온도의 상승에 따라서 증가하는 경향이다. 4. 정섬도 자동조사에 있어서 조사속도 90~120m/min 및 조사탕온도 35~45℃ 범위 내에서는 생사품위의 차이를 인정할 수 없다. 5. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 우리나라의 원료견질에 적합한 자동조사의 자동속도는 120m/min 내외로서 다조조사의 약 2배이고 조사탕온도는 40℃내외라고 본다. The purpose of this study is to find out reasonable automatic silk reeling method of the domestic cocoons Jar the improvement of its reeling ability. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The silk yield and the reelability percentage decreased according to increase of the reeling velocity and decrease of the reeling temperature. 2. The reeling tension increased according to increase of the reeling velocity and decrease of the reeling temperature. 3. The reeling accidance increased according to increase of the reeling velocity and temperature. 4. In case of the automatic silk reeling with fixed denier system, the reeling velocity (90∼120m/min) and temperature (35∼45℃) had no influence on the raw silk qualities. 5. As a conclusion, the reasonable reeling velocity is 3bout 120m per minutes and the bath temperature is about 40℃ in the automatic silk reeling of the domestic cocoons.

작잠견(작蠶繭) 제사법(製絲法)에 대(對)한 시험(試驗)

박병희 ( B. H. Park ),최병희 ( B. H. Choe ),김관극 ( K. K. Kim ),송기언 ( K. Y. Song ) 한국잠사학회 1963 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.3 No.-

본시험은 아국산 작잠견의 이용성을 구명하기 위한 보고이며 다음 결과를 걷었다. (1) 작잠견 및 그 견사의 물리화학적 성질을 기초조사 하였다. (2) 작견사비율은 NaOH의 3,000배 희석용액에 1시간내외 자견할 때 가장 좋았다. (3) 조사능률은 생사형태(10g/hr) 보다 옥사형태(37.5g/hr)로 조사할 때 향상되었다. (4) 작견사비율은 더욱 향상시킬 수 잇는 전망이며 작잠견 옥사제사의 기업성이 인정될 것이다. This experimental work is aimed to find that there is any industrial potentiality of tussah silk reeling service. The obtained results are as follows. (1) The physical nature of tussah cocoon and its silk was investigated as prelim. (2) The best silk and chemical reeling ratio of tussah cocoon was obtained in case of using 3,000 time diluted NaOH during one hour boiling process. (3) The reeling efficiency of dupion type silk (37.5g/hr) was found as a better process than that of the normal type of silk (10g/hr). (4) It is believed that there is still possibility to increase the silk reeling ratio of tussah cocoon and to industrialize the tussah silk reeling in case of processing as dupion type silk.

견(絹) Fibroin의 효소분해(酵素分解)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (3) -가잠(家蠶)의 원종(原種) 및 교잡종견사(交雜種繭絲)의 Fibroin 분해율(分解率) 차이(差異)-

이용우 ( Y. W. Lee ),최병희 ( B. H. Choe ),송기언 ( K. E. Song ),남중희 ( J. H. Nahm ) 한국잠사학회 1976 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.18 No.2

우리나라 장려잠품종의 원종과 교잡종견의 fibroin 분해율 및 각종 특수품종견에 대한 fibroin 분해율과 견사형태와의 관계를 구명코저 시험하여 다음 결과를 얻었다. 1. 원종과 교잡종독의 fbroin 효소분해에 있어서 원종은 F1 교잡종에 비하여 분해율이 높았다. 2. 양 원종의 평균 fbroin 분해율은 그 교잡종의 분해율과 정상관(r=+0.86)이 있었고 그 회귀방정식은 y=0.81x+0.04이다. 3. 교잡종견사 fibroin의 분해율에 있어서 잠103×잠104가 다른 장훈품종에 비하여 분해율이 낮았다. 4. 각종 특수품종 견사의 fibroin 분해에 있어서 품종간에 분해율차이가 인정되었고 견사섬도와 fibroin 분해율과는 낮은 정상관(r=0.6)이 있었다. 5. 이상의 결과에서 견 fibroin 분해율은 유전적 성질을 가지므로 잠품종육종에 있어서 이와 관련된 실용형질 선발에 marker로서 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The study was carried out to investigate the variations in the fibroin hydrolysis of leading silkworm varieties in Korea, and the relationship between the fibroin hydrolysis of the silkworm varieties with some characteristics and silk morphological property. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) The fibroin hydrolyzing ratio of both parent silkworm cocoons was reduced in the F1 hybrids. 2) A positive corelation (r=+0.86) was approved between the mid-parent value and the F1 hybrid in the fibroin hydrolysis. 3) It was disclosed that the fibroin hydrolyzing ratio of Jam 103×Jam 104 was the lowest among the leading silkworm F1 hybrids. 4) The fibroin hydrolysis was affected by the silk morphological property, showing a positive corelation between the size of cocoon filament and the fibroin hydrolyzing ratio. 5) It was thought that the determination of the fibroin hydrolyzing ratio was useful as a marker for the selection of its related economical characters in silkworm breeding, because the fibroin hydrolysis of parents silkworm cocoons was heritable in their F1 hybrids.

견(絹) Fibroin의 효소분해(酵素分解)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (2) -견층부위별(繭層部位別) Fibroin 분해율(分解率) 차이(差異)와 견사물성과(繭絲物性)과의 관계(關係)-

이용우 ( Y. W. Lee ),최병희 ( B. H. Choe ),송기언 ( K. E. Song ),남중희 ( J. H. Nahm ) 한국잠사학회 1976 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.18 No.1

각종 고치의 견층부위별 fibroin 효소분해율의 차이 및 견사물성과의 관계를 구명코자 시험하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 각종 고치의 견층부위별 fibroin 효소분해율은 외층에서 내층으로 갈수록 높았다. 2. 이상용견의 견층부위별 fibroin 분해율은 정상견에 비하여 높았으며 옥견>박피견>사용견>정견의 순위를 보이었다. 3. 원종인 잠111과 잠112의 fibroin 분해율 및 sericin 함유량은 교유종인 잠 111×잠112보다 높았다. 4. 인공사료육잠견의 견층부위별 fibroin의 분해율은 외층보다 내층으로 갈수록 증가되었으며 sericin 함유량은 외층에서 내층으로 갈수록 감소되었으나 최내층에서 약간 증가되는 경향을 보이었다. 5. 견층부위별 연편사의 절단강력은 외층에서 내층으로 갈수록 감소되는 경향이었고 이상용견의 절단강역은 정견에 비하여 저하되었다. 6. 견층부위별 fibroin 분해율과 견사의 절단강력과는 부의 상관(r=-0.8)이 인정되고 그 회귀방정식은 y=-0.29x+5.07이었다. The study was carried out to investigate the variations in the fibroin hydrolysis of different cocoon shell layers, and the relationship between the hydrolysis and silk physical property. The obtained results are as follows: 1. The fibroin hydrolyzing ratio was highest at the inner layer of cocoon shell and, next in order, at the middle layer and at the outer layer. 2. The fibroin hydrolyzing ratio of abnormal cocoons was higher than normal cocoon and it was different among them, tile highest was double cocoon, thin shell cocoon and perforated cocoon in order. 3. The sericin content and fibroin hydrolyzing ratio of Jam 111 and Jam 112 was higher than that of Jam 111×Jam 112. 4. The fibroin hydroiyzing ratio of the cocoons fed with the artificial diets was increased at the inner layer. The sericin content of those lessened at the inner layer, however, it slightly increased at the most inner layer more than at the inner layer. 5. The breaking strength of the degummed silk fiber of different cocoon layers was reduced at the inner layer. The breaking strength of abnormal silk fiber was less than that of normal silk fiber. 6. A negative correlation (r=-0.8) was approved between fibroin hydrolyzing ratio and breaking strength of silk fiber, and the regression line was Y=-0.29x+5.07.

絹絲 LOUSINESS 에 對한 硏究(Ⅰ)

崔炳熙,金洛禎,朴光義,南重熙 서울대학교 1963 서울대학교 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This treatise is to set up a fundermental condition of checking silk lousiness and to set up a new improving method of cocoon bave lousiness after suer refining treatment. It is also studied whether silk lousiness can be eliminated through the observation of the silk gland or the lousiness can be able to improve through such a study. The conclusions obtained in this paper are as follows. 1. Silk lousiness is able to be observed most properly when the light direction and the fiber direction is paralleled in plan view of the silk cloth and the greater the angle between them is, the less the lousiness is observed. When, however, the angle is greater than some specific angle (30˚), no more lousiness is observed. This specific angle was named by the author as Lousiness Horizontal Critical Angle. 2. Silk lousiness can be observed when the angle of light incidense against the silk cloth is six degree, while the large the angle is, the less the lousiness is observed. When, however, the angle is greater than some specific angle(45˚), the lousiness disappears. Such a specific angle was named by the author as Lousiness vertical Critical Angles. 3. The best textile composition to decrease lousiness defect is plan weave, while twill and satin weave show more lousiness with same silk fiber. 4. Lousiness was classified as Lousiness A, B and C of which A was the general lousiness, B was the group type, and C was the glucose type one, and the standard photographs for the lousiness grading of these types were prepared. 5. The proper soap refining hours of silk for lousiness test was determined as eight hours. 6. The greater the difference of fiber diameter between the cocoon single bave and the splitend was, the more lousiness was composed. The normal splitends were measured as 1/4-1/5 of the main fiber. 7. The lousiness was found at the cocoon shape ends more than other parts, and found at the middle cocoon layer than other layer which was imagined to be as a result of poor uniform bave spinning of silk worm. 8. Male cocoon had more lousiness than the female cocoon. 9. It was found that there was a great possibility to have the splitends through the observation of the anatomical silk gland, and the author reached as conclusion that the lousiness can be improved some only be elimination of abnormal silk gland from the breeding aspects. 10. The cocoon bave of the offspring after super refining lousiness test and selection showed more improved lousiness defect than that of the parent.