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맞벌이 부부의 역할분담이 일가정 갈등과 가정생활만족도 및 우울에 미치는 영향
최유정 ( Yu Jung Choi ),최미라 ( Meera Choi ),최샛별 ( Setbyol Choi ) 고려대학교 한국사회연구소 2018 한국사회 Vol.19 No.1
The purpose of this study is to show how dual earner couple’s role assignment affect their lives multi-dimensionally. Using a sample of 342 dual earner men/women from 2012 KGSS data, this research examined 1) the effect of ‘objective’ and ‘subjective’ role assignment on work-family conflict and family life satisfaction, 2) the effect of aforementioned variables on depression, and finally 3) the causal path among variables that predict depression. Regression analysis and Baron and Kenney’s statistical mediation analysis were conducted. The results of this study are as follows. First, job satisfaction, subjective health, and respondent’s work hour was significant factor on both work-family conflict and family life satisfaction whereas other variables had different effects respectively. Overburden evaluation, longer work hour, higher number of cohabiting preschooler, lower job satisfaction, lower subjective health, and longer care labor time was responsible for severer work-family conflict. On the other hand, higher job satisfaction, longer work hour, higher subjective health, spouse’s longer care labor time, and respondent’s shorter care labor time had significant effect on greater family life satisfaction. Second, work-family conflict and family life satisfaction had outstanding effect on depression compared to role assignment related variables; that is severer work-family conflict and lower family life satisfaction had to do with higher level of depression. The result shows that the more negative evaluation of their health, the greater number of cohabiting preschooler the greater the depression. Moreover, spouse’s housework and care labor time had significant negative relation with depression even when work-family conflict and family life satisfaction were included in the model. Third, ‘subjective health’ had both direct and indirect effect on depression with both ‘work-family conflict’ and ‘family life satisfaction’ as mediators. ‘number of cohabiting preschooler’ directly influenced depression and indirectly through ‘family life satisfaction’. ‘Job satisfaction’ had negative effect on depression only through ‘work-family conflict’ and ‘family life satisfaction’ as mediators. Spouse’s care labor time only had direct effect on depression, and respondent’s work hour had effect on depression with family life satisfaction as mediator. This result suggests that employment conditions should be improved in order to enhance the quality of life. Moreover, it implies that marital adjustment such as setting appropriate role assignment and cooperating can minimize various imbalance and strain of dual-earner couple.
가정 내 역할 수행 및 돌봄 노동 시간에 영향을 미치는 요인의 남녀 차이에 관한 연구
최유정 ( Yu Jung Choi ),최미라 ( Meera Choi ),최샛별 ( Setbyol Choi ) 연세대학교 사회과학연구소 2019 사회과학논집 Vol.50 No.1
This study aims to compare the difference of married men and women’s mechanisms in playing their family role, especially on explaining how such differences are manifested in the area of ‘care’. This study uses Korean General Social Survey data from 734 sample of married men and women. The results are summarized as follows. First, among various factors, time availability had the highest predictive power in both men and women’s ‘family role performance’ and ‘care labor.’ For women, a great diversity of variables related to time availability was prominent in both the overall family role performance and care labor. Women spent more time on the family role when their working hours were shorter and the spouse’s care labor time and working hours were longer. On the other hand, men spent more time on housework and care labor when their spouse’s care labor time were longer. This revealed that the family role performance of men was “interconnected” rather than “divided.” Secondly, the life course was also an important factor that affects overall family role performance and care labor for both men and women. In particular, “children of school age” increased women’s role in the family especially care labor. On the contrary, for men, their family role performance and care labor time decreased as children grew bigger. Thirdly, the relative resources couple possess had insignificant influence on family role performance. While for men, ‘wife’s objective level of income’ was a significant factor, women tend to spend more time on care labor when their ‘relative income level’ is greater than their husbands. However, in both cases, the relative influence was not that significant. Nonetheless, this suggests that the wife’s economic resource and a shortage of time does not provide a legitimate reason to avoid their housework. In addition, women who earn more income than their husbands tend to practice gender role ideology by spending more time on care labor.