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曺在六,吳昌桓 全南大學校企業經營硏究所 1977 産業經濟硏究 Vol.4 No.1
1. Objective This study is to provide the goverment with guidlines for formulationg town revitalization plans which is regarded in gerneral as crucially important in undertaking rural community development. It is generally recognized that town development has long been neglected in the course of national development efforts, and accordingly almost all counties with some exemptions have been lagging far from the expected role of integrating activities of the villages in the county and those of cities as a catalyzer. 2. Methodology The whole process of this study consists of several steps. The first is collection of secondary infromation regarding the existing conditions of the target areas(22 counties) in terms of demographic aspect, economic aspect, and social welfare aspect. The data and relevant information thus collected are arranged in such a manner as to identify the characteristics of the three indicators of comprehensive nature such as demographic indicator, economic indicator, and social welfare indicator. These three indicators consist of sub-indicators covering most quantifiable realities of the counties. Crucial issues to be studied hav been identified through brain storming discussions between the team members based on the information and observations. Six counties have been selected as target areas to be developed by goverment's investment beignning 1978. In-depth discussions between study team members and key persons at the level have been carried out to reach final agrement on the key issues and their solutions. 3. Results of the Research The major function of townships in Chonnam Province is the functions as a center of county administration with exception to three townships functioning as the trade center which began to decline late in 1960's. With the expension and pavement of the two-lane highways connecting major towns and cities, the functions as trade center have been highly subject to deterioation toward major cities. The farther the distance between township and major city is, the more independence the township sustains in the course of development. Therefore the development of a township largely depend upon the distance to the major city. Another important factor effecting the growth of townships is the industrial resoures endowed by the township. One more important function to be strenghtend is to provide counter-magnetic force of out-migration toward prime cities. But it seems that the function expected by the government could be hardly provide, since some large-scale regional development plans are under way; heavy petro-chemical industrial complex at Gwangyang Bay, sea-dike construction at the estuary of the Yongsan river which is expected to stock suffecient amount of portable and industrial water, and large and small sacle development undertakings in four major cities in the province. The development targets for the sample townships selected are set aside so as to attain the provincial averges in those three indicators. Some institutional modifications are recommanded to make the development efforts more effective. They are; a) Introduction of the popular participation in the urban planning process b) Reconsideration of the existing zoning system c) Introduction of development tax system for township d) Establishment of budget component for training statistcians at the micro-area level(local lvel) e) Establishment of more close link between the township and surrounding areas by realigning and upgrading the transportation network
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農機械共同利用組織의 擴大發展方案에 關한 硏究 : 機械化 營農團을 中心으로 With reference to the Mechonized Farming Unit
曺在六,鄭煥庸 全南大學校企業經營硏究所 1981 産業經濟硏究 Vol.8 No.1
Ⅰ. Introduction Last two decades witnessed a rapid social transformation featured by urbanization along with industrialization. Spatial concentration of people and activities particularly in urban area has been the major feature in the course of the development efforts. It gave rise to the problem of rural exodus of the young, which has led to the reduction of the quantity and the deterioration of the quality of the rural labour. Therefore, it has become a sine qua non to induce mechanization of farming activities not only to make up for shortage of labour but to increase the agricultural productivity. The government came to enact a law in 1978 to promote farming mechanization. Acoording to this law, local governments are given commission to help organize and operate the mechanized farming units when necessary. It is only two years since the operation of the mechanized farming units began, it may be premature to assess the effect. However, it is an urgent need for the government and the people concerned to provide an efficient policy direction in order to support the operation of those units. To meet this need, this study aims to identify the problems arising from their operations with a view to provision of strategies for improvment of the operations and management of the new system. Ⅱ. Type and Present Situation of the Mechanized Farming Units Mechanized farming units are generally in operation with the aims of the reduction of farming labour cost, joint share of the purchasing expenses, collective acquirement of operation and managing techniques, joint performant of its related works, and diversification of risks in the use of machines. Therefore, the types of mechenized cooperative farming organizations may depending upon the motivation, pattern of operations, and the objective or the subject of the research. Based upon the subect, we can classify most of the units into two different kinds; one is the mechanized farming unit of the cooperative type, and the other of the village type. The former may be said to be led by the government, and the latter by the individual farm household. In chonnam province, the mechanized farming units have different names which reflect similar ideas without any deliberate any deliberate attempt to distinguish between them. The terms such as comprehensive mechanized demonstration unit, mechanized farming center, saemaul farming unit, and saemaul quasi-farming unit refer to different size of the units in terms of the operation. As of 1981, there are seventy two units of farm machine work in the province; one unit of the cowprehensive farming machines for demonstration purpose, six mechanized farming centers, forty saemaul farming units, and twenty five saemaul quasi-farming units. Ⅲ. Problems and Issues identified. The problems and issues observed in the process of this study can be devided into two different kinds, one kind is related to the operation itself, and the other is related to the management of the organization. The problems arising from the operation are follows; 1. Difficulties related to the procedures for mortgage to secure the loan for the purchase of farming machines 2. Delayed supply of farming machines 3. Low rate of farmers' participation in the operation, because most units are in operation mainly by the youth club 4. Depository fee is calculated in general based on the customary or traditional levels. It has to be based upon the cost accounting. The problems arising from the management of the units are as follows: 1. Frequent machine troubles due to unskilled operation techniques of those who are handling farming machines 2. Insufficient delivery systems to secure better access to repair services. 3. Difficulties related to obtaining parts of the farming machines imported from overseas Ⅳ. Guidliness for the Promotion of Mechanized Farming Units It is desirable to foster in prority the mechanized farming unit of village type which will bring up the client participation in the utilization of the system where by problems in operation and management might be solved with ease. The units of the cooperative type should perform the function of demonstration effect. It is also desirable to trust the operation of the units to the control of Saemaul leaders. Saemaul leaders of adjacent villages may organize a commission, if necessary, to decide the ways to utilize the farming machines for the common interest. In terms of adequate size of the unit, the composition of the farming machines should be based upon the combination of working efficiency of the machinery. The working capacity of each farming unit in the province has been calculated as 43.2 hectares of transplanting and 10.8 hectares of harvesting, given the present condition that each farming unit has two transplanters, one combiner(harvester), two tractors, etc. Ⅴ. Conclusion Policy Measures for Mechanized Farming Units are recommended as following. 1. The Government should enforce its policy to speed up the land consolidation to provide the favorable foundation for the mechanization of farming activities. 2. It is most recommendable to integrate supporting agencies in existance into one. 3. Government supports should be extended toward village type farming units focussing on those activities as transplanting and harvesting. Full-utilization of the existing farming machinery owned by individual farm household will be complementary 4. It is necessary to introduce a sort of insurance system against the crop damage in order to give favorable incentives to the probable trusters of farming activities. If the landholders thought it a dangerous venture to trust farming activities to the mechanized farming unit, the process of farming mechanization would be delayed.
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조재육 전남대학교 지역개발연구소 1984 지역개발연구 Vol.16 No.1
This study aims to explore possible economic ways toward trade relations between the two Koreas(North and South) through the identification of the economic strength and problems facing the two countries. Quantitative comparisons are carried out regarding economic situations such as natural resource endowment, demographic of faires, industrial production, gross national product, energy supplying sources, and trade balance and volumes. Findings are summarized as following; North Korea is comparatively rich in natural resources with 55 per cent of the total land area, 76 per cent of mining production, more than 90 per cent of energy self-reliance. Iron ore and coal reserves in the North exceed the South by about one-thirtieths and one-fifths respectively. These two resources are more in need on the part of the South to relieve industrial production not only in the field of light industrial goods but in the field of heavy industry including petro-chemicals, Steel, cement, car, T.V. sets, textiles, oil refinary, power generation, and plastics are those exceeding the North. Light industrial products of the South and the underground resources of the North could be the goods to be traded to the benefit of the Both. To make the trade possible, the modification of the isolationistic stance is needed from autarky to liberalized system on the part of the North. North Korea is increasingly coming up against the limits of its self-reliance ideology. The recent anactment of the new joint venture law will promote the introduction of the capital and advanced technology from the Western countries to the very limited extent primarilly due to the shortage of foreign currency acquired. Therefore, the import of necessary technology from the South may be an alternative to be followed by the North.
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조재육 전남대학교 지역개발연구소 1988 지역개발연구 Vol.20 No.1
This study centers on the reevaluation of national policies to attain equal development of regional economy. Comparative analysis has been done among economic regions based upon the size of industrial estates constructed in each region, employment, output, shipment, value added of industrial goods. The finding of the evaluation is that the benefits of national policies have unevenly been distributed among regions, enforcing regional economic disparities. More effective policy recommendations are to be made as following. First, introduction of regional impact assessmen system to policy-making process. Secondly, establishment of high-tech industrial complex in lagging economic regions Third, differentiated regional characteristics should be reflected in regional supporting measures at national level.
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