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조명옥 中央醫學社 1987 中央醫學 Vol.52 No.5
This survey was attempt to evaluate the effects of educational program and obtain a basic data for the next program. The Subjective was 110 sophomore participated a course of school Nursing. The data was collected in the dates from Parch 3 to July 28, 1986. Analysis of the data was done by use of t-test, F-test, Cronbach's alpha reliability test. The results of study are summarized as follow. 1) The first aid, among the school Nurse's function relating to delivering health service, has been appeared as the most importance both before and after program. 2) The education on communicable disease prevention has been appeared as the most important in the function relating to Health education both before and after program. 3) The water supply sanitation was got the highest score in the function relating to managing school environment. 4) Among the function relating to service in school health clinics, the most im-portant activity before the program has been the reporting to home of abnormal student in their health and after program the health counseling. 5) The activities of establishing public relation ship with the school health personnel and admitting of teacher-school nurse conference have been relatively highly reported in the function relating to administering the school health organization. 6) In the comparison of the role of school nurse according to their function, school health education has been the most highly appeared both before and after program and the lowest the administrating school environment. 7) The significant change carried by program was the increasement of physical examination, and the traditional role such activities as that of wound care, of medication, of education on usage of medical facilities, of water supply sanitation, of record & report and that of reporting to home of abnormal student in their health have been lowered.
조명옥 노인간호학회 1999 노인간호학회지 Vol.1 No.1
Culture is the patterns of and for human behaviors, and defined norms and rules for the society. Caring behaviors are based on social rules, and they are a cultural phenomenon. Culture has several characteristics, that are learned by socialization, shared with member of society, passed on from era to era. Culture is a dynamic process, that is changing by diffusion of other cultural traits, invention or discovery of new cultural traits, and abandonment of inadequate traits and replacement by more suitable ones. Caring, as a cultural trait, is also changing along with these process. The purpose of this cultural process is social equilibrium and human survival. Nursing is a caring. So, caring as a culture, is an essential component of human life and nursing practice. Caring is composed of two systems, which are folk and professional caring. The quality of nursing care depends on the harmonious relationship of these two systems. This study is aimed at making a description of the regulating rules for succession of folk caring behaviors for the elderly. Ethnographic fieldwork was conducted in a agricultural clan in Namwon city, from Jan. 1990 to Feb. 1997. The key informants were 12 elderly individuals. Research data were composed of sociocultural context, research information, and basic data. These data were collected using participation as observer techniques and ethnographic interviews of Spradley. The data were analysed by use of the taxonomic technique, flow and decision, and proxemics. Caring behaviors for the elderly are learned and passed on by several rules and reinforcement techniques. The desirable behaviors were reinforced by the acknowledgement of caring behaviors and personal or familial dignity using praise and award. The undesirable caring behaviors were controlled with social pressure, cynical expression, extending social and physical distance, excluding person from the village community life, severing kinship, and expelling the family from the village. These rewards and punishments were carried out collectively by all of residents, and the effects were extended from actor to his family, ancestors and descendents. The basic ideas which ruled out these behaviors were : reciprocal retribution, hierarchial, cohesiveness. Results of this study could be a basis for culture-care practice and theory for gerontological nursing. Comparative ethnographic research in the modern urban community would be made more useful knowledge for gerontological nursing.