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유휴농업노동력(遊休農業勞動力)의 추정과 그 이용방안 : 강진군(康津郡)을 중심으로 A Case of kang Jin County
정학신 전남대학교 지역개발연구소 1976 지역개발연구 Vol.8 No.1
It is generally recognized that farm labor is scarce during the busy farming season and over-abundant during the off season in rural communities. So this situation is expressed as disguised unemployment, seasonal unemployment, and/or potential unemployment. This phenomenon is due to the rice-barley crop system. While we must employ the farm labor force and increase farm income, we find that the fate labor force is not fully employed. But there has been-no accurate calculation of the idle farm labor force. The ultimate purpose of this paper is to estimate exactly the idle farm labor force, to employ it fully and to increase farm income. The scope of this paper is limited to Kang Jin county. The main points of farm labor force discovered by this study may be summarized as follows; 1. The total farm labor force is 109,516,500 man-hours in Kang Jin county. In order to estimate the farm labor force, we used the following formula…population of working class by age and sex×man equivalent×10 hours per day×300 days per year. 2. The current demand of labor force in agriculture is 43,736,345 man-hours. In order to calculate it, we used the formula…cultivated crop land×required time in cultivation of crops per tanbo+the number of livestock×required time in raising livestock per head in year. 3. The idle farm labor force is 6,780,655 man-hours. In ueocalrctro dtae it, we used the following formular…farm labor force(109,516,500 man-hours)-(minus) the current demand of labor force(43,736,345 man-hours). The resulting 65,780,655 man hours of idle farm labor force is about 60% of the total farm labor force. Therefore only 40% of the farm labor force is utilized in agriculture. 4. A month by month comparison of the labor supply and the labor demand shows that the rate of utilization of the labor force is below 209a in December, January and February, and over 70% in only two months in June and October. In order to solve the problem of the idle farm labor force and to increase farm incomes three suggestions are proposed for adaptation in a manner as follows; 1. We suggest one way is to expand within agriculture itself. a. The first, an interior expansion, is to intensify the use of land. We must cultivate labor intensive crops, such as vegetables, fruits, etc and also raise livestock and silkworms. The utilization of farm labor is much higher with labor intensive crops and raising livestock and silkworms than with traditional crops. b. The second, exterior expansion, is to reclaim unused. land. We must bring forest areas under cultivation and reclaim the tideland by drainage. By removing trees there is 388㏊ that is reclaimable and 1,579㏊ by drainage. On the 1,976㏊ of reclaimable land We can utilize over 2,986,097 man-hours of farm labor. 2. We can utilize the farm labor force by introducing profitable secondary jobs to the farmers. For instance profitable side work might be in making rope, in making straw bag or raising and catching of marine products. 3. A very effective way of solving the idle farm labor force problem is to decentralize the nation's industry into rural areas. This would create better opportunities for the farmers to be employed within their own residential areas. Decentralized light industry which compliments the main products of the area would be the best.
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