지방분권과 전자정부

정병걸(Jung Byung-Kul) 한국지역정보화학회 2004 한국지역정보화학회지 Vol.7 No.2

자율성에 기반을 둔 상향적 통치로서의 지방분권에 대한 논의가 참여정부에 들어서면서 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 지방 분권이 추진되고 있는 상황과 맞물려 지방정부 수준에서의 전자정부 추진을 위한 노력이 통치의 개선이라는 관점에서 이루어지고 있다. 지방정부 수준에서의 전자정부에 대한 논의 여전히 시작 단계에 불과하다. 지금까지 이 두 가지 주제는 별개의 차원에서 다루어져 왔지만 본 논문에서는 분권화와 전자정부를 연계하여 논의한다. 지방정부가 처한 상황적 조건은 매우 다양하기 때문에 일률적인 특정한 목표의 설정은 불가능하다. 환경적 조건과 상황인식에 따라 설정될 수 있는 목표 수준과 내용은 다양하게 선택될 수 있기 때문이다. 그러나 일반적으로 전자정부의 지향점은 민주주의, 내부업무 혹은 서비스의 세 가지로 압축할 수 있다. 지방정부의 전자정부 추진에 있어서는 기술중심적 시각, 과도한 리더십과 상징정치의 문제, 정보 격차, 지방정부의 재정적 취약성, 변화 관리 문제 등은 해결되어야할 중요한 과제라고 할 수 있다 Decentralization. aiming at redistribution of concentrated power of central government to local government. has been the main theme of Roh Moo-Hyun government. At the same time. various attempts have been made to apply the idea of e-government, which prevail as the most effective and efficient means for better governance at the level of central government. to the level of local government. The idea of local e-government are still at the early stage of its development. I will synthesize the idea of decentralization and e-government at the local level in this article. There are high probability of variations of aims for local governments to be attained by realizing the idea of e-government. This is mainly because of the environmental diversity of local governments. The aims of local e-government. however. can be reduced to three: democracy focus. business focus and service focus. Finally. I suggested several obstacles to be overcome for effective and efficient local e-government such as technological determinism. leadership and symbol politics of information technology. digital divide. fiscal constraints of local governments. and change management.

연구논문 : 국가경쟁력과 구성된 위기: 몰락의 이야기로서의 "국가경쟁력 위기론"

정병걸 ( Byung Kul Jung ) 고려대학교 정부학연구소 2010 정부학연구 Vol.16 No.2

사회혁신의 장으로서 리빙랩과 패러독스

정병걸(Jung, Byung Kul) 한국과학기술학회 2017 과학기술학연구 Vol.17 No.1

The Living Lab, key elements are user involvement and experimentation in real life environment, is attracting public and academic attention as a crucial means of science and technology innovation and societal innovation. In recent years, there has also been a qualitative change, such as being utilized for social innovation and sustainable system transition. However, in the Living Lab approach, the paradox due to the tension between the different demands can appear in terms of homogeneity, user experience, conflict, commercialization, and diffusion of innovation. We need to understand and solve these paradoxes of Living Labs in order not only to solve social problems but also to be a good means of social innovation and sustainable system transition. Living labs are very useful instruments for solving certain types of problems, but they are not panacea. Living Labs, which still lack theoretical rationale and empirical results, need to accept and manage paradoxes to achieve results as a good means of social innovation.

연구논문 : 국가혁신체제의 전환과 정부의 역할: 일본의 경험과 교훈

정병걸 ( Byung Kul Jung ),길종백 ( Jong Baik Kil ) 고려대학교 정부학연구소 2007 정부학연구 Vol.13 No.3

전자정부 서비스에 대한 이용자 만족도와 영향요인

정병걸(Byung-Kul Jung),김석주(Seok-Ju Kim),명승환(Seung-Hwan Myeong) 한국정책분석평가학회 2005 政策分析評價學會報 Vol.15 No.3

This research has two main purposes: How the e-government services are evaluated by the users and which are more influential factors of user satisfaction on e-government services among many probable ones. And we find several implications for providing upgraded e-government services from this analysis. The result shows that the level of user satisfaction on e-government services is not highly evaluated. All the factors, which are usability, accessibility, responsibility, and credibility, have positive correlations with user satisfaction. Not all the factors but usability and accessibility, however, are included in the regression model derived from this analysis. The most influential factor was usability which is followed by accessibility on user satisfaction. In spite of widely acknowledged importance, these two factors fail to earn highly positive evaluation in this survey. This is mainly because E-government services are not designed and managed from the viewpoint of users but providers'. It is highly recommended to develop new service model which reflects users' expectations and rapidly changing technology environment and evaluation methods for accurate diagnosis of E-government services.

정치화된 위험과 기술위험 관리의 실패

정병걸(Jung Byung-Kul),성지은(Seong Jie-un) 한국과학기술학회 2008 과학기술학연구 Vol.8 No.2

The controversy over the mad cow disease in Korea can be understood as a demonstration of complex and skeptical public sentiments toward the government that were all mixed with expectations, demands, hope and mistrust. The government's decision to resume the import of American beef turned such expectations into mistrust and public hope into nationwide resistance expressed in the form of candlelight vigils. This phenomenon can not be simply explained as a fear of risks. Concerns over mad cow disease were a trigger but they were not sufficient cause to explain the nationwide controversy involving all the Koreans. It was mad cow disease that triggered a sharp confrontation between the government trying to stick to its decision to resume the import of American beef and the opponents who were not convinced by the government. In fact, this is not simply an issue of a disease. It is rather a complex issue of the acceptance of risks, the consistency of the government policy, trust in the government, and the public consensus on the government policy. In this context, this study analyzes the controversy over the mad cow disease from the perspectives of risk management, public policy-making, and public trust and social consensus-building.

기술위험 관리와 위험갈등

정병걸(Jung Byung Kul) 한국과학기술학회 2008 과학기술학연구 Vol.8 No.1

We are living in the time of high probability of technological risk due to increased rate of technology development and diffusion of new technologies. Resolving uncertainties, the basic attribution of risk, by accumulating knowledge over the risk factors of certain technology is critical to management of technological risk. In many cases of technological risks, high uncertainty of knowledge is commonly mentioned reason for public controversies on risk management. However, the type of technological risk with low social agreement and low uncertainty of knowledge, the main reason for public controversy is absence of social agreement. Public debates on the risks of mobile phones electromagnatic fields(EMF) to human health comes under this category. The knowledge uncertainty on human health effect of mobile phones EMF has been lowered increasingly by accumulating enormous volume of knowledge though scientists have not reached a final conclusion whether it pose a risk to the physical and mental health of the general population or not. In contrast with civil organizations calling for precautionary approach based regulation, the mobile phone industry is cling to the position of no-regulation-needed by arguing no clear evidence to prove health risks of mobile phone EMF has found. In Korea, government set exposure standards based on a measurement called the 'specific absorption rate'(SAR) and require the mobile phone industry to open SAR information to the public by their own decision. From the view of pro-regulation side based on precautionary approach, technology risk management of mobile phones EMF in Korea is highly limited and formalized one with limited measuring of SAR on head part only and problematic self-regulated opening of information about SAR to the public. As far as the government keeps having priority on protecting interest of mobile phone industry over precautionary regulation of mobile phones EMF, the disagreement between civil organizations and the government will not resolved. The risk of mobile phones EMF to human health have high probability of being underestimated in the rate and damage of risk than objectively estimated ones due to familiarity of mobile phone technology. And this can be the cause of destructive social dispute or devastating disaster. To prevent such disastrous results, technology risk management, which integrating the goals of safety with economic growth in public policy and designing and promoting risk communication, is required.

한국사회단체의 지형과 변화

정병걸(Jung, Byung Kul) 한국조직학회 2014 한국조직학회보 Vol.11 No.3

전환적 사회혁신론과 사회혁신: 전환관점에서 본 한국의 사회혁신정책

정병걸(Jung, Byung Kul),송위진(Song, Wichin) 충북대학교 국제개발연구소 2019 사회적경제와 정책연구 Vol.9 No.4

우리가 직면한 도전과 위기에 대응하기 위한 사회적 전환의 촉진자로서 사회혁신에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 사회혁신을 전환 관점에서 접근하는 전환적 사회혁신론은 사회적 난제를 해결하려면 전체적 차원에서 근본적 시스템 변화가 필요하다는 본다. 사회혁신을 통한 근원적 문제 해결을 지향하는 전환적 사회혁신론은 시스템혁신, 게임체인저, 변화의 서사, 사회적 전환 등을 포함하는 분석틀을 제시하고 있다. 정부는 사회문제해결을 위한 새로운 대안으로 사회혁신정책을 적극적으로 추진하고 있다. 전환적 사회혁신 관점에서 볼 때 우리나라의 사회혁신정책은 시민참여 중심의 협소한 정의, 전환 관점의 부재와 대증적 해결, 다층위 관점의 부재와 개별화된 사회혁신, 의미 창출과 변화를 추동하는 서사의 결핍 등의 한계를 가지고 있다. 따라서 메타적 방법으로서의 사회혁신 활용과 다양한 요소와 전체의 관계성을 고려하고 전체적 차원에서 조망하는 포괄적 시각이 필요하다. 또 사회혁신을 위한 정책과 함께 사회혁신의 부정적 결과에 대한 경계심도 필요하다. Social innovation, driver of change to cope with societal challenges we face, has emerged as an important issue. Transformative social innovation theory, which approaches social innovation from the point of view of transformation, sees that fundamental change of whole system is necessary to solve wicked social problems. Transformative social innovation theory, aims at fundamental problem solving through social innovation, suggests a framework including system innovation, game changer, narrative of change, and social transformation. The government of Korea is actively pursuing social innovation policy as a new alternative for solving social problems. From the viewpoint of transformative social innovation theory, social innovation policy has limitations such as a narrow definition of social innovation, lack of transformative perspective, absence of multi-level perspective, lack of narrative that drives meaning creation and change. Therefore, it is necessary to use social innovation as a meta-method and to have a comprehensive view that considers the relationship between various elements as a whole. There is also a need for policies for social innovation and vigilance on the negative consequences of social innovation.

지역정보화의 딜레마

정병걸(Jung Byung Kul) 한국지역정보화학회 2006 한국지역정보화학회지 Vol.9 No.2

1990대를 전후하여 시작된 지역정보화는 1990년대 후반에 접어들면서 지방정부 주도의 지역정보화로 변화되었다. 그러나 지방정부 주도의 지역정보화는 주도자로서의 지방정부의 능력의 한계와 지역간 격차의 심화 가능성 등으로 인해 성공의 가능성을 장담할 수 없다. 지방정부의 취약한 능력과 지역간 격차가 존재하는 상황에서 지역정보화는 정보화의 지연과 지역간 격차를 심화시키는 위험성을 가지고 있기 때문이다. 지역정보화가 실패의 상황에 놓이게 될 경우 지방정부 주도의 지역정보화를 더 이상 추진할 수 없는 상황에 도달할 수도 있다. 이 경우 중앙정부의 주도적 역할을 고려할 수 있지만 지방 분권의 필요성과 상황을 고려할 때 이것 또한 바람직하지 않다는 점에서 대응 자체가 곤란한 심각한 딜레마 상황에 빠질 가능성이 있다. 따라서 지역정보화의 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 딜레마의 성격과 의미에 대해 살펴보고 이러한 문제의 예방과 관련된 함의들을 찾아본다. In Korea, regional Informatization, burgeoned its bud no later than the early 1990s, has entered the new period of pulled-by-local government strategy by giving up pulled-by-community strategy in the late 1990s. The new strategy, extending the intension of government informatization to regional informatization, has paved the road to regional informatization. However regional informatization is doomed to failure without removing the obstacles such as low capacity of local governments and capacity gap between local communities. Under such circumstances, regional informatization is to be entrapped by the dilemma of choice between across-the-board intervention of central government and autonomy of local governments. For preventing the occurrence of dilemma, several implications are found and suggestions are provided.