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김시정 ( Kim Sijung ),김지은 ( Kim Jieun ),신주영 ( Shin Juyeong ),이병호 ( Lee Byeongho ),전효빈 ( Jeon Hyobin ),최보경 ( Choi Bokyeong ) 서울대학교 공익인권법센터 2016 공익과 인권 Vol.16 No.-
With regard to Refugee Act of South Korea, few studies have focused on actual employment condition of refugees. As employment condition of refugees is directly connected to their economic life, it needs to be highlighted more than current situation. Therefore, this study aims to find problems related to actual employment condition of refugees in Korea by literature research and qualitative research. After research, this study categorizes the results into three phases-before preparing for employment, in a process of job search, and after employment-and concentrates on problems of each phase. These results are summarized as follows. First, problems that occur before employment are largely caused by refugees’ precarious status in relation to Refugee Recognition. With regard to that, the biggest problem is that Refugee Recognition Procedure takes excessively long time. In addition, loopholes in Employment Permission System in Korea aggravate refugees’ unstable employment condition as well. The blame also falls on insufficient official system offering an education of Korean culture and language, which matters to refugees to adjust in Korean employment circumstances. Second, in a process of getting a job, refugees face the problem of lack of national-level support for their employment. Consequently, many refugees can’t help heading to private employment bureaus which charge a commission for brokerage. Besides, Immigration Office limits the type of occupation that refugees can get to only simple labor such as manufacturing work. In cases of refugees who had work experience or qualifications in their own country, career discontinuity in Korea is another reason for refugees to engage in simple labor. Third, refugees who were successful in getting a job are treated discriminatingly in some ways, especially in wages. Usually refugees are paid less than Korean worker even though they work the same number of hours. Also, it is almost impossible for refugees to ask for raising their wage or to demand overtime extra pay. The last problem is that some refugees cannot get benefit from social security system for several reasons. This situation hinders them from getting any legal remedy when they get hurt or ill while working. Notwithstanding Korea’s Refugee Act and other laws concerning employment condition of refugees, refugees are suffering from problems mentioned above. As refugee issues are now worldwide problems, we have an obligation to grasp the exact state that refugees are facing, and accordingly improve our refugee policy especially with regard to their employment. This study suggests that there should be an active improvement in Refugee Recognition Procedure and standardized support for employment at national level. The improvement should also include advancement in their rights in education, wage and social security system, with a guarantee of an opportunity to do the work which corresponds with their aptitude and qualification.
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