『고대일록』으로 본 정경운의 전란 극복의 한 양상

장경남 ( Kyung Nam Jang ) 경북대학교 퇴계연구소 2015 퇴계학과 유교문화 Vol.57 No.-

이 논문은 이 논문은 정경운의 일기 『고대일록』을 통해서 지방의 한 개인인정경운이 임진왜란이라는 전란을 어떻게 극복해 나갔는지를 읽어낸 글이다. 『고대일록』은 여타의 일기와는 달리 다양한 문학 작품을 수록하고 있다. 漢詩를 비롯해 안음·거창에 보내는 <通文>, 도사 김영남에게 보낸 <書簡文>, 제문인 <祭盧參奉文>, <移安祭文>, <祭智異山祈雨文>, 說 문학인 <牧丹側柏說>, 친구와 가족의 죽음을 애도한 <卒記>, 그리고 <自傳> 등이 그것이다. 특히 유사로 활약하면서 통문을 작성한 점은 정경운이 함양 지역을 대표하던 문장가였음을 알게 해준다. 이러한 문학적 재능은 과거에 도전해 관직에 진출할 수 있는 요인이 되었던 것으로 보인다. 임진왜란 중 정경운이 관직 진출을 위하여 관심을 기울인 흔적들은 곳곳에서 발견된다. 과거 시험의 잦은 응시와 함께 과거의 결과에 대한 기록이 그것이다. 정 경운은 전란기간 내내 관직 진출을 염원하였지만 결과는 그리 성공적이지 못하였다. 정경운은 문학적 재능을 바탕으로 전란이라는 상황에서도 과거시험이나 관직 진출을 포기하지 않았고 기회만 주어진다면 언제든지 진입할 준비를 하고 있었다. 과거를 통해 관직에 진출하려는 욕망은 전란이라는 불안한 시대를 이겨내고 자신 과 가문을 회복할 수 있는 길이었던 것이다. This study examines - through 『Godaeillok』 (Daily Journal of Jeong Kyungun) - how an individual could overcome the turmoil of Imjin Waeran (the Japanese Invasion of 1952). Unlike other journals, 『Godaeillok』used distinctively different expressions. The Journal contained diverse-style articles, including Chinese poems, notices, letters, memorial articles, editorials, commentaries on dead people, and biographies. This suggests that Jeong Kyung-un was an excellent writer, and presumably that his literary talent helped him pass the highest-level state examination and enter the officialdom. Evidences were discovered that during the war, Jeong Kyung-un tried to enter the officialdom. He tried numerous times to sit for the highest-level state examination, and wrote down the results of the examination. Throughout the war, he longed to enter the officialdom, but was not so successful. Using his literary talent, he continued efforts to enter the officialdom despite the war situations, and tried to sit for the examination whenever the opportunities came. Such ambition sustained him through the turmoil of war, and finally brought honor to him and his family.

<沈淸傳>을 통해 본 夫權의 形象

張庚男 韓國語文學會 2002 語文學 Vol.0 No.76

임란(壬亂) 실기문학(實記文學)의 유형(類型)과 그 특성(特性)

張庚男 ( Jang Kyung-nam ) 숭실대학교 인문과학연구소 1998 인문학연구 Vol.28 No.-

This study set up sub-patterns of ‘the Silki Literature about the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592(壬亂實記文學;the Imran Silki Literature)’ and observed their features. Jongkoon Silki(從軍實記) was described writer’s joining the battle (as a general, a staff officer and a righteous army) and the statue of with Japanese force. Yi-jung-am (李廷醃)’s 『Seo-jung-il-rok(西征日錄』, Yi-tak-yung(李擢英)’s 『Jung-man-rok(征蠻錄)』, Yoo-sung-ryong(柳成龍)’s 『Jing-bi-rok(懲毖錄)』, Yoon-kook-hyung(尹國馨)’s 『Moon-so-man-rok(聞韶漫錄)』, Yi-ro(李魯)’s 『Yong-sa-il-k(龍蛇日記)』, Yi-soon-sin(李舜臣)’s 『Ran-joong-il-ki(亂中日記)』, Jo-jung(趙靖)’s 『Im-ran-il-ki(壬亂日記)』, Jung-kyung-woon(鄭慶雲)’s 『Ko-dae-il-rok(孤臺日錄)』, Jo-Kyung-nam(趙慶男)’s 『Ran-joong-jab-rok(亂中雜錄)』, Ahn-bang-joon(安邦俊)’s 『Eun-bong-ya-sa-byul-rok(隱峰野史別錄)』 belong to this kind of work. Jongkoon Silki(從軍實記)reflects a barrack life, worry and missing for family, a realistic description of fight and mental agony. Especially the appearance of humanic mental agony made the Imran Silki Literature known as a work having literary impression beyond simple delivery and writing a fact. Poro Sklki(捕虜實記) is a kind of the Imran Silki Literature written by writers who were released from Japanese pison. Kwon-doo-moon(權斗文)’s 『Ho-goo-rok((虎口錄)』, No-in(魯認)’s 『Kem-kye-il-ki(錦溪日記)』, Kang-hang(姜沆)’s 『Kan-yang-rok(看羊錄)』,Jung-kyung-deuk(鄭慶得)’s 『Man-sa-rok(萬死錄)』,Jung-hee-deuk(鄭希得)’s 『Wol-bong-hae-sang-rok(月峰海上錄)』,Jung-ho-in(鄭好仁)’s 『Jung-yoo-pi-ran-ki(丁酉避亂記)』 belong to the work. It was relatively well composed in comparison with other the Imran Silki Literature. It took a narrative structure : defense - refuge - a prisoner’s life - escape from a prison - suffering - return home. In a view of substance, prisoner’s lives were well describee in some ways. A life’s suffering in a foreign country and nostalgia for his country. Poro Silki(捕虜實記)is outstanding in literary figuring because the nostalgia was expressed by pathetic scenes or poetry. The emotion was revealed as a will to come back On the contrary, there were some people’s lives who adapted themselves to Japan. Piran Silki(避亂實記) is a refuging description which people fled from Japanese force. Oh-hee-mom(吳希文)’s 『Soae-mi-rok(瑣尾錄)』, Yoo-jin(柳診)’s < (Im-jin-nok >,Jung-yung-bang(鄭榮邦)’s 〈Im-jin-jo-byun-sa-juk(壬辰遭變事蹟)> belong to this kind of work. There described some incidents around the writer as well as a lot of disastrous scenes, so we can observe a person’s private affairs. In a view of structure, it was got forced the separated families and the reunion of the divided. Hojong Silki(扈從實記) is a Imran Silki Literature which a writer described things to see, to hear, to do and to be done as following the king’s sedan chair when King Sun-jo(宣祖) fled to Uijoo(義州) from the war in April 30,1592. Jung-tak(鄭琢)’s 『Yong-sa-il-ki(龍蛇日記』, 새(金涌)’s 『Ho-jong-il-ki(扈從實記)』, Park-dong-ryang(朴東亮)’s 『Ki-jae-sa-cho-(寄齋史草)』 belong to this kind of work. Hojong Silki (扈從實記)is inferior to other the Imran Silki Literature in literary aspects. Because it specified as a formal writing. But the happening of the court was precisely described and we can assume the king’s refuge and the government official’s figures at that time.

고전소설의 주인공3 <흥부전>의 인물 형상 -경판본과 <연의각>의 비교를 중심으로-

장경남 ( Kyung Nam Jang ) 한국고소설학회 2012 古小說 硏究 Vol.34 No.-

This study has compared the personality of the characters targeting “Heungbujeon”, text published in Seoul among the different edition text of “Heungbujeon”, and “Yeonuigak” of Lee Haejo. When comparing character figures of Heungbu and Nolbu described in “Heungbujeon” and “Yeonuigak”, good and evil deepens in “Yeonuigak”. The good of Heungbu has deeply involved in scenes where performs ancestral rites, makes excuses to his wife after hit by Nolbu, gets help from neighbors, and embracing Nolbu in the end. On the other hand, Nolbu is deeply described as an evil figure with greed through the scenes of property distribution, kicking Heungbu out, acting violently to Heungbu when he came to collect some food, breaking a leg of swallow and committing atrocities at Heungbu`s place when Heungbu got rich. The deepening phenomenon of good and evil on main characters are shown by sub-characters. The number and appearance frequency of sub-characters are more in “Yeonuigak”. They are wives of Heungbu and Nolbu, their son, and neighbors who are deeply involved in forms of main characters, Heungbu and Nolbu for sure. Suppose, wife of Heungbu appeared in “Yeonuigak” actively responses to evil deeds of Nolbu, When he came after Heungbu got rich, to make misdeeds of Nolbu stood out more. Sub-characters play a role of deepening the formation of main characters, such as characters related to Heungbu intensify good of Heungbu, and intensify evil of Nolbu for Nolbu related characters.

남북한 소설의 이순신 형상화 양상 비교

장경남 ( Jang Kyung-nam ) 민족문학사학회·민족문학사연구소 2018 민족문학사연구 Vol.66 No.-

This paper comparatively analyzes the representation of a historical figure, Yi Sun-shin in South and North Korean novels. Yi Sun-shin has been represented into different looks in South and North Korea. Even though the heroic image of Yi Sun-shin is maintained, its nature is different to each other. The character representation of Yi Sun-shin in both South and North Korea is based on his heroic image while South and North Korean nov-els showed different heroic images to each other. In Immortality of South Korea, Yi Sun-shin was represented as a humane hero focusing on his humane aspect instead of a strong masculine image. In North Korea, still, his heroic aspect is shown. Admiral Yi Sun-shin focus on Yi Sun-shin’s heroic image and this hero is represented as a hero of people coming together with the lower classes. The hero pursued by the North Korean society is the character coming together with the public. The evaluation of real figures could be different in each time and system. However, the recognition of differences would be a correct attitude to appreciate literary works.

기획논문 : 상주지역 퇴계학파(退溪學派)의 학문과 사상 ; 국문본(國文本) 실기(實記) <임진녹> <임□록>으로 본 수암(修巖) 유진(柳袗)

장경남 ( Kyung Nam Jang ) 경북대학교 퇴계연구소 2012 퇴계학과 유교문화 Vol.50 No.-

수암 유진은 임진왜란 체험과 옥고 체험을 <임진녹>과 <임□록>을 통해 기록했다. 두 작품의 저작 시기는 재 변증이 요구되는 바, <임진녹>은 1610년에 쓰기 시작하여 1614년 이전에는 완성되었고, <임주록>은 1612년에 이루어졌으며, 두 일기는 1614년 경에 합철되었을 것으로 추정된다. 수암이 자신의 체험을 국문으로 쓴 것은 다분히 여성 독자를 위한 것이었다. 자신의 딸들에게 자신의 한스러운 삶을 알릴 필요에 의해서 국문으로 제작하였다. 두 편의 작품에 보이는 문학적 표현은 여성 독자를 의식한 글쓰기인데, 이는 당시 소설문학이 융성하게 된 배경과 궤를 같이 하는 것으로 볼 수 있다. <임진록>과 <임□록>을 통해서 수암의 위인을 읽어낼 수가 있다. 수암은 현실의 부조리에 날카로운 비판을 가한 현실 비판자의 면모를 보이고 있는가 하면, 따뜻한 인간적인 면모도 여러 면에서 드러냈다. 특히 <임□록>을 통해서는 수암의 형제애가 남달랐음을 볼 수 있었다. 두 실기를 통해서 얻을 수 있었던 수암의 위인됨은 남다른 인간애를 갖고 있다는 점이다. Yoo Jin recorded his experience during Imjin Waeran(Japanese Invasions of Korea) and hard time in prison through <Imjinrok> and <Imjarok>. Writing of <Imjinrok> was started in 1610 and was completed before 1614, and <Imjarok> was written in 1612. It is assumed that both works were merged around 1614. Korean manuscript of experience by Yoo Jin was for women readers. It was written as a Korean manuscript to inform his daughters about his regretful life. Literary expression on two works was writing for women readers, and it is considered that this writing had the same way of doing things as the background of novel literature being prosperous. Yoo Jin as a great man was shown through <Imjinrok> and <Imjarok>. Yoo Jin was not only a criticizer of irrationality of reality but also showed various humanly aspects. In particular, <Imjarok> showed that his brotherly affection was special. Yoo Jin as a great man in two documentary literatures is that he has great philanthropy.

신채호의 문학과 아나키즘 ; 신채호 역사전기의 형상화 방식과 의미

장경남 ( Kyung Nam Jang ) 민족문학사학회·민족문학사연구소 2009 민족문학사연구 Vol.41 No.-

일제강점기에 간행된 야담집에 대하여 : 『오백년기담(五百年奇譚)』을 중심으로

장경남(Jang Kyung-Nam),이시준(Lee Si-Joon) 우리문학회 2011 우리文學硏究 Vol.0 No.34

일제 강점기에 야담집은 1912~1926년 사이에 본격적으로 출간되었는데 본고에서 주목한 것은 1913년에 개유문관에서 간행된 崔東洲의 『五百年奇譚』이다. 이 야담집은 활자본 4종 필사본 2종 일본어 번역본 3종 현대어 번역본 2종 등으로 다양하게 존재한다. 활자본은 180편의 이야기를 수록하고 있는데 5판이나 간행되어 당대의 관심을 알 수 있다. 필사본은 활자본 가운데 일부분을 발췌하여 국문으로 또는 국한문혼용문으로 필사하여 엮은 것이다. 현대어 번역본은 崔載喜에 의해서 번역되었다. 관심을 끄는 것이 일본어 번역본인데 이것은 1923년에 시미지 겐키치(淸水鍵吉)가 78편을 발췌하여 번역한 것이다. 이 책에 수록된 이야기는 유형별로 보면 아주 다양하다. 이 가운데 정치적 격변기의 이야기가 많은 것이 특징이다. 당대의 정치 현실을 되짚어 보려는 의도하에 이루어진 것으로 보인다. 편자인 최동주는 자신의 주장을 드러내지 않고도 조선 오백년의 주요 사건을 다룸으로써 조선의 굴곡진 역사를 이해하도록 했고 위기에 처한 현실을 극복했던 조선조의 역사와 인물을 되짚어봄으로써 현실의 고난을 극복하려는 의지를 드러내기도 했다. 일본어로 번역된 것은 3.1운동 이후 조선을 제대로 알자는 취지에서 내선결합의 의도로 이루어진 것이다. 조선의 고서를 일본어로 번역 간행하는 사업이 일어났고 이 과정에서 조선조 5백년의 주요 인물과 사건을 압축해서 다룬 오백년기담은 선택되었던 것이다. Yadam collections during the Japanese ruling era was published 1912-1926 in earnest and this article focused on 『500 years weird story(五百年奇譚)』 of Dong Ju Choi which was published at Gae-Yu-Mun-Gwan in 1913. This Yadam collections exists in various forms such as 4 kinds of printed book 2 kinds of manuscript 3 kinds of Japanese translation 2 kinds of modern language translation etc. Printed book includes 180 pieces of stories and its 5 editions show the interest during that generation. The manuscript is what some of printed books were transcribed into Korean or a mixed script of Korean and Chinese. Modern language translation was translated by Jae Hee Choi. Japanese translation of 78 extracts is what attracts interest and it is a translation by Simiji Kenkichi(淸水鍵吉) in 1923. The stories in this book differ a lot depending on the type. Among these there are many stories of rapid political change and it seems like it was to retrace political reality at that time. Dong Ju Choi an editor covered key events in 500 years of Joseon Dynasty without revealing his opinions and help people understand the history of Joseon Dynasty full of ups and downs. By reviewing history and people of Joseon Dynasty that overcame crisis he also disclosed his will to overcome hardship of reality. Japanese translation was done by intention of integration of Japan and Korea in the purpose of knowing the Joseon Dynasty after the March First Independence Movement better. And the project of translating and publishing old books into Japanese took place and 『500 years weird story(五百年奇譚)』 which covered important people and events of 500 years of the Joseon Dynasty as summarized was selected among this process.

근대 초 고소설의 전변과 담론화 양상 근대 초기 <임진록>의 전변 양상

장경남 ( Kyung Nam Jang ) 한국고소설학회 2013 古小說 硏究 Vol.36 No.-

It was a trend of publishing ancient novels in printed book in early modern times however, [Imjinrok壬辰錄] was different. Instead, books like [Lee Soon-Sin Jeon李舜臣傳], [Kim Deok-Ryung Jeon金德齡傳], [Kim Eung-seo Silgi金應瑞實記], [Seo-San Daesa西山大師 & Sa-Myung Dang四溟堂], [Sin Rib Silgi申砬實記], [Non-Kae Silgi論介實記], [Generalissimo Kwon Yul都元帥權慄], [Kiyomasa Silki淸正實記] which are titled with the names of people who took an active part in the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. This is the change of [Imjinrok] as a biography of history person. These titled the names of the main character as they describe their biography, and mostly the works take entire or partial progress of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 as focusing on the historic paths of the relevant person. Compare to the [Imjinrok] which developed the story majorly in incidents happened to the active character based on the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, the other biographies of historic person of the era took historic factors for the major whereabouts as taking the relevant person as the main character, and the story is described as taking its background as the progress of the invasion. [Lee Yeo-Song Silgi李如松實記] and [Toyotomi Hideyosi`s biography秀吉一代 & Imjinrok壬辰錄], which were written by Hyun Byung-Joo(玄丙周) were changed in the work of quite different level. [Lee Yeo-Song Silgi] could be called as the history of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 focusing on Lee Yeo-Song rather than the biographical description of Lee. [Toyotomi Hideyosi`s biography & Imjinrok] described the biography of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who is the ringleader of the invasion, together with the history of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, as the title allows to assume. By taking Lee and Toyotomi as leads, it avoided inspections of Japan, and described the dark side of the history of the invasion. By taking the beginning and end of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, it is clear that is different from [Imjinrok] which expressed the national anger. This shows another aspect of the changes of [Imjinrok] in early modern times.

일기와 고소설의 관련 양상

장경남 ( Jang Kyung-nam ) 한국고소설학회 2018 古小說 硏究 Vol.45 No.-

This research investigated the relation between diary, as an adjacent genre of classical novel, and the novel genre. Diary is continuously recorded maintaining its original characteristic, sometimes changes as it meets a special environment. Strange experiences as prisoner experience was shared as the subject matter both of diary and classical novel. Geumgye ilgi(diary) and Choicheokjeon are the examples that show the aspect, which are remarkable in that regard. Special experience of an individual became the talk as a story, also, became a story being conscious of the readers. They are Yimjinnok, a diary of Japanese invasion refuge, and Gyechug ilgi, a diary of experience of Gyechug death in prison. These works has a certain degree of a narrative characteristic of a diary. Interest in interesting diary transformed a diary into novel. Similar to Baesihwangjeon, which was a novelization of Bukjeongrok, Naseonjeongbeol experience diary. Among the diaries, there are quite a few records of special experiences. Special and strange experiences were recorded in diary, and these diaries became the talk of people. Some diaries were read as books. In that process, diaries were perceived as stories. They are Yimjinnok, Gyechug ilgi, which were diaries that were changed qualitatively due to the influence of the classical novel. As in Baesihwangjeon, there are some diary works that contributed to the extension of the scope of the classical novel. It is true that there are some diaries that shared novelistic characteristic. Because, as the readers of diary and classical novel were overlapped, those two streams of writing repeated qualitative change by exchanging mutual influence. On the other hand, the case of remaking diary as novel can be said that diary took a regular role to extend the scope of classical novel. Nevertheless, it cannot be said that diary was transformed to novel or novel accepted diary. While exchanging mutual influence, it is true that they influenced each other, however it is determined that they have existed maintaining their own original characteristic as diary and novel.