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Naloxone 이 저혈량성 Shock 에 미치는 영향
이춘희,이귀용 대한마취과학회 1988 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.21 No.1
The effects of morphine in 'bringing sleep and an end to pain' have been known from the beginning of recorded history. But the existence of endogenous opiates(endorphins) has been demonstrated only in the last decade. Endorphins bind to opiate receptora and exhibit potent opiate-like activity. In the corticotroph cells of the anterior lobe of pituitary, ACTH and B-endorphin are synthesized simultaneously. There is a hypothalamic releasing factor which causes the secretion both B-endorphin and ACTH, but ACTH and B-endorphin are also released simultaneoulsy by stress. Endorphins adversely affect the circuraltory status and these effects are reversed by the intravenous injection of the narcotic antagonist, naloxone. The author studied Dirksen's hypothesis that endorphins may be involved in the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock. In this experiment, the author dividd laboratory animals into 3 groups and administered normal saline, salicylate or hydrocortisone, respectively. Ⅰ. normal saline pretreated group Ⅱ. salicylate pretreated group Ⅲ. hydrocortisone pretreated group Each group was them divided into 4 subgroups and treated as follows: 1) hypovolemic shock+normal saline 2) hypovolemic shock+naloxone 3) hypovolemic shock+hydrocortisone 4) hypovolemic shock+PGE_1 The following results were obtained: 1) MAP was significantly increased after naloxone and PGE_1 administration in the normal saline pretreated group. 2) MAP was not changed in the salicylate pretreated group. 3) MAP was significantly increased after naloxone and PGE_1 administration in the hydrocortisone pretreated sgroup. 4) Pulse pressure was significantly increased after naloxone, hydrocortisone and PGE_1 administraition in the normal saline and hydrocortisone pretreated groups. Form the above experiment, it may be inferred that endorphins and prostaglandia may play a role in the pathophusiology of hypovolemic shock.
Improving inter-rater reliability in oral proficiency test at college level
이춘희 한국현대영어영문학회 2010 현대영어영문학 Vol.54 No.1
As in language teaching program, speaking ability has been focused on, it is desired to produce an oral test that will fit in with the teaching program and that will be designed by. Many classroom teachers, however, feel that oral exams are among the most difficult types of exams to create, schedule, administer, and grade. Teachers are the least confident in making accurate assessment for speaking ability compared to testing other language skills by multiple choice test. This study aims to show some problems that can be raised in the oral proficiency test in classroom, focusing that inter-rater reliability can cause a potential source of unfairness. How to keep the rating consistency from different raters is the primary concern. The data collected in a simulated rating experiment are analyzed and several considerations on how the unfairness caused by the examiner variability can be reduced are suggested.
담헌 홍대용의 상대주의적 사유에 관한 고찰 - 「의산문답」을 중심으로-
이춘희 범한철학회 2015 汎韓哲學 Vol.76 No.1
담헌 홍대용(1731~1783)은 「의산문답」에서 ‘상대주의적 사유’방식을 도입하여 ‘인간중심’, ‘지구중심’, ‘중국중심’이라는 절대주의적 사고와 가치를 부정하는 논리의 토대를 돈독히 구축하였다. 담헌이 ‘상대주의적 사유’방식을 통해 ‘절대주의적 사유’방식을 부정하는데 사용한 철학적 방법론은 ‘이천시물의 관점’이었다. ‘이천시물’이라는 객관적 관점을 통해 담헌은 오랫동안 전근대 동아시아적 사유의 전통적인 특성으로 간주되어 온 ‘인간중심’. ‘지구중심’. ‘중국중심’의 주관적 관점을 과감하게 해체해 버린다. 본고는 「의산문답」을 중심으로 상대주의적 사유방식에 따라서 전개되는 이 글의 논리 체계를 고찰해봄으로써, 절대주의적 사유를 부정하기 위해 담헌이 제시한 ‘인물균론’. ‘우주무한론’. ‘화이일야론’에 담긴 철학적 함의 역시 함께 규명해 보는 것을 목표로 한다. Damheon Hong, Dae-Yong(湛軒 洪大容, Silhak scholar of the late Joseon Dynasty, 1731~1783)by introducing a 「Uisanmundap(醫山問答)」in the ‘Relativistic thought(相對主義的 思惟)’method, Human-center(人間中心), Earth-center(地球中心), were constructed strongly the logic of the foundation, which deny the Absolutism thought(絶對主義的 思惟 否定)and value of China center(中國中心). Damheon by attempting to discuss the logical expansion surface of the article along the mating principle reasons method mainly, philosophical methodology that was used to deny the Absolutism thought system in the Relativistic thought system was a ‘point of view Yichunsimul(以天視物 觀點)'. Damheon, from an objective point of view of 'Yichunsimul' for a long time, it has been regarded as the traditional characteristics of East Asia reasons human-center, Earth-center, he would have boldly ‘dismantling the subjective point of view(主觀的觀點 解體)’of the China-centric. This paper, the 「Uisanmundap」by attempting to discuss the logical expansion surface of the article along the mating principle reasons method mainly, Damheon presented to deny absolutist grounds ‘the sameness theory of human beings and other Living things(人物均論)’, ‘Universe infinite theory(宇宙無限論)’, he aims try to investigate also philosophical implications(哲學的 涵義)that have been put in the ‘the sameness theory of China and other countries(華夷一也論)'together.