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지역응급의료센터의 격리병상 과밀화 지표분석: 코로나-19 대유행 시기의 경기도 소재 지역응급의료센터 사례를 중심으로
이이산 ( San Lee ),유진현 ( Jin Hyun Yoo ),신소미 ( So Mi Shin ),노현웅 ( Hyun Woong Noh ),김윤준 ( Yun Jun Kim ),곽동훈 ( Dong Hun Kwak ),김형수 ( Hyung Soo Kim ),최익창 ( Ik Chang Choi ),서민구 ( Min Gu Seo ) 대한응급의학회 2024 대한응급의학회지 Vol.35 No.2
Objective: Emergency department (ED) overcrowding is a global issue that negatively impacts the clinical outcome. Through the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic era, overcrowding of ED isolated territory (isolation bed) was aggravated. This study analyzed overcrowding indices of ED isolation beds during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was a single-center, retrospective, observational study. The study analyzed 34,925 patients who visited the ED during the COVID-19 pandemic from April 2021 to August 2022. Patients who were treated in isolation beds and regular beds were compared. Among the patients using isolation beds, patients who stayed longer than 720 minutes were also classified and analyzed. Results: During the analysis period, 4,479 and 34,943 patients were treated in the ED isolation bed and ED regular bed, respectively. The overcrowding indices (general ward admission rate, intensive care unit admission rate, ED-length of stay, transfer rate, mortality rate, prolonged ED stay patient ratio) of the isolation beds were significantly higher than those of the ED regular bed (P<0.05). The prolonged ED stay-patient ratio of isolation beds and regular beds was affected by the number of COVID-19 patients (regular bed, r=0.617 and P=0.01; isolation bed, r=0.525 and P=0.03). The average ED-length of stay of isolation beds was longer than that of the ED regular beds. One hundred and forty-five patients were classified as prolonged ED stay patients. Their time from the decision point to the discharge point comprised a higher rate with an average of 76.52%. Conclusion: ED isolation beds are more vulnerable to infectious disease outbreaks. A proper medical policy and arrangement management system that can flexibly deal with disaster emergencies are required
학교교실의 애니돌릭 천장 자연채광 시스템의 실내 산광부 최적설계 성능 평가
이이석(Lee-Suk Lee),송규동(Kyoo-Dong Song) 한국생활환경학회 2015 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.22 No.2
The visual environment in school classrooms is an important design element, because visual tasks are the primary activities in classrooms. Proper quantity of light should be guaranteed and glare should be avoided at the same time. In addition, since most classrooms in regular schools are mostly occupied during daytimes, daylighting is strongly recommended not only to improve the quality of light by the full spectrum but also to save electric lighting energy. One of the effective daylighting systems for classrooms is anidolic daylighting system which collects direct sunlight by the anidolic element of parabolic reflector installed outside building, transfers the collected light through the light duct installed inside the ceiling space, and distributes the transferred light on to the work planes by the light diffuser installed on the ceiling near the back wall. In this study, the daylighting performance of an anidolic ceiling daylighting system was evaluated by RADIANCE program coupled with photon map algorithm in order to identity an optimum configuration of the light diffuser. Various geometries and sizes of the light diffuser were evaluated in terms of illuminance levels and uniformity of illuminance. The simulations were conducted for 10:00 a.m., 12:00 noon, 2:00 p.m. and 4:00 p.m. on the equinoxes (3/21 and 9/21), summer solstice (6/21) and winter solstice (12/21) under clear sky conditions. Additional simulation was conducted for an overcast sky condition. The results were examined with the average illuminance and the uniformity of illuminance and it was identified that the designs R4 and R5 were the optimum geometries and sizes.