신용불량자에 의한 범죄의 양상에 관한 연구

이순래(Lee Soon Rae),이평오(Lee Pyeong Oh) 한국공안행정학회 2004 한국공안행정학회보 Vol.17 No.-

최근에 들어 우리 사회가 당면한 가장 심각한 사회문제의 하나는 신용불량자 문제이다. 신용불량자는 최근에 들어 급증하여 2003년 9월말 현재 350만 1,897명으로 인구 100명당 7.6명이 신용불량자이며 경제활동인구를 기준으로 할 때는 100명당 15명이 신용불량자란 굴레를 쓰고 있다. 신용불량자 문제는 그 규모가 심각할 뿐만 아니라 사회생활 전반에 걸쳐 다양한 폐해를 초래하고 있다. 신량불량자 문제와 관련하여 본 연구가 다루는 사항은 신용불량자들에 의한 범죄양상과 이들에 대한 효율적 대처방안이다. 연구는 1998년 이후 2003년 11월까지 전국의 언론매체에 보도된 신용불량 관련범죄 106건을 대상으로 실시하였다. 연구결과에 의하면 최근에 들어 신용불량자에 의한 범죄발생이 급증하는 추세였으며, 신용불량자들이 저지르는 범죄유형들 중에서 가장 빈번한 것은 강도범죄이었다. 남자 신용불량자들은 강도, 살인/살인미수, 납치/협박 등을 자주 저질렀으며 여자 신용불량자들은 절도와 사기를 자주 저지르는 경향이었다. 20~29세의 젊은 신용불량자들은 강도를 자주 저지르는 경향이었고, 40세 이상의 나이든 신용불량자들은 절도와 사기/횡령을 저지르는 경향이 강하였고, 납치/협박 역시 20~29세와 30~39세의 비교적 젊은 신용불량자들이 저지르는 경향이 강하였다. 소액신용불량자들은 강도를 저지르는 경향이 강하였고, 고액신용불량자들은 살인/살인미수와 납치/협박을 저지르는 경향이 강하였다. 신용불량자들의 범죄발생추세는 일반화경향(generalization type)이 강하였다. 강도와 절도의 경우에는 다소의 전문화 경향이 있었지만, 최근에 들면서 다양한 유형의 범죄가 저질러지는 일반화 경향이 강하였다. 이러한 결과는 모집단차별론과 상황의존론 모두를 지지하는 것으로 개인의 낮은 자아통제력과 함께 신용불량자로 등록됨으로써 겪는 경제적 상황변화가 이들이 범죄에 빠져드는데 있어 중요한 인과요인이었음을 시사한다. 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구는 기존의 상황완화책과 함께 장기적인 신용교육과 신용불량자들이 범죄기회를 쉽게 접하지 못하도록 하는 범죄기회 차단노력을 이들의 반사회적 행위에 대처할 수 있는 방안으로 제안하였다. Credit delinquency is one of the most serious social concerns in recent Korean society. The number of credit delinquents has rapidly increased in recent years. About 3,501,897 persons has been registered as credit delinquents on September, 2003. That figure means that 7.6 out of 100 persons or 15 out of 100 economically active persons are credit delinquents. Credit delinquency can cause several social problems. With regard to such problems, this study examines the extent of crimes committed by these persons and intends to suggest ways to deal with their involvement in criminal activities. Data collected through mass media reports from 1998 to 2003 have been analyzed in this study. According to the findings, the number of crimes committed by credit delinquents rapidly increased with the sudden surge of credit delinquents in recent years. Robberies were shown to be the most frequent offenses committed by these individuals. Male defaulters tended to commit robbery, murder/attempted murder, abduction/threat offenses. Meanwhile female counterparts tended to commit burglary and fraud offenses. Younger defaulters tended to commit robberies and older counterparts tended to do burglary, fraud/embezzlement offenses. Younger defaulters were also likely to commit abduction/threat offenses. A generalization type was shown to be more prevalent than a specialization type when the kinds of crimes were examined. A slight specialization could be observed in offenses such as robbery and burglary. These findings suggest that population heterogeneity as well as state dependency might be the causes of criminal behavior among the credit delinquents. Based on the findings, this study proposed that early credit education and strict environmental design in addition to situational remedies should to be implemented in order to efficiently deal with credit delinquency.

학교폭력의 원인 및 대처방안에 관한 연구

이순래(Lee Soon-Rae) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2002 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

범죄유발적 지식구조가 청소년비행에 미치는 영향

이순래 ( Soon Rae Lee ),박철현 ( Cheol Hyun Park ),이경상 ( Kyeong Sang Lee ) 한국경찰학회 2012 한국경찰학회보 Vol.14 No.6

This study is a suggestion on the reform of juvenile-delinquency policy, by finding the subjective cognitive process of delinquent juveniles. Especially, this study focuses on criminogenic knowledge structure and analyzes its` effects on juvenile delinquency. The results of analysis on the two-wave panel data(1st-wave N=2,351) of NYPI Youth and Children Panel Survey show that the causes of crime suggested by existing criminological theories have an effect on juvenile delinquency through an indirect pathway; i. e. criminogenic knowledge structure. This shows that future juvenile policies need an indirect intervention on criminogenic knowledge structure, not a direct intervention on family, peer, school or neighborhood factors.

한국의 범죄피해실태에 관한 연구

이순래(Lee, Soon-Rae) 한국피해자학회 2004 被害者學硏究 Vol.12 No.2

Many researchers have examined the extent of crime victimizations in Korea. However, it was not easy to see the general features of this problem as the findings of existing studies have not been presented in an organized way. The purpose of this study is to organize the existing findings in an attempt to provide the general features of crime victimizations in families, schools, and communities. In terms of victimizations in families, the existing studies have generally reported that wife abuse occurs in about 30% of married couples during one year period. The percent of life-time occurrence is even higher than that of one year period. As many as 40% of wives are reported to have experienced abusive episodes since they got married. In case of child abuse, about 17.2 incidences per 100,000 households are reported to occur. The most frequent type was neglect(36.3%), and physical abuse occupied about 28.4% of overall child abuse incidences. Chronic abuse, which refers to more than 1 abusive incidence during a week, appears in about 71.3% of researched children. The percent of elderly abuse is generally lower than those of wife and child abuses. About 8% to 17% of old persons are shown to have experienced abusive incidences. Psychological abuse was the most frequent type of elderly abuse, and neglect was the next frequent. In terms of violence in school, the percent of occurrence varies from 10% to 40%. When the violence is narrowly defined(harassment, exploitation, assault, and others), about 10% of students are shown to experience such violent incidences in a year. And when it is broadly defined so that communicative and psychological violence are included, from 25% to 40% of students are reported to experience such incidences. Among the surveyed students those of elementary school were victimized more often that those of junior or senior high school in almost all kinds of school violences. Extremely low reporting rate(2.4% to police, 0.1% to child counselling agency) was also found in the existing studies. Korea National Crime Victimization Survey(KNCVS,2003) measured the extent of victimization in 8 crime categories. According to KNCVS, the most frequently victimized crime was larceny at residence. This type of crime was occurred at the rate of 48.88 incidences per 1,000 households. In addition, 39.48 incidences were observed in the category of auto part theft and 21.98 incidences were in the category of theft against person. The reporting rates tended to increase. About 17.3% of crime victimizations were reported to police in 1993, while the rate was 34.9% in 2003. After providing the general features in crime victimization, this study concludes that there must be more efforts in developing standardized measurements and making the surveyed items congruent to the legal definitions of crime.

범죄의 심각성에 있어서의 집단간 합의

이순래 ( Soon Rae Lee ),박철현 ( Cheol Hyun Park ) 고려대학교 한국사회연구소 2001 한국사회 Vol.4 No.-

비행소년의 발전경향에 관한 연구

이순래 ( Soon Rae Lee ),박혁기 ( Hyuk Gi Park ) 대한범죄학회 2007 한국범죄학 Vol.1 No.2

One of the serious problems in Korean juvenile delinquency is that the rates of juvenile recidivism have gradually increased. This study intends to examine the extent of juvenile recidivism and the causal factors involved in the development of delinquent career. Competing arguments such as state dependency and population heterogeneity are adopted as the theoretical framework and empirically tested. The data used in this study are four panels of data collected by Korea Youth Panel Study (KYPS) from 2003 to 2006. Several noteworthy findings are observed. First, status offenses are shown to function as a stepping stone in the development of delinquent career. It is common for the youths to participate in status offenses at the initial stage of delinquent career. After experiencing the status offenses they come to commit property or personal crimes at the later stages. Second, delinquent youths are shown to be composed of different groups. More than half of youths who once participated in delinquency have desisted from further illegal activities. However, a small group of delinquent youths have persisted in such activities. Third, specialization patterns of delinquent careers are observed. Youths who committed a certain offense are likely to repeat such an offense at the later stages. Fourth, the acceleration type of delinquent career is observed in about 1.6 percent of delinquent youths and about 53.4 percent of such youths are shown to have the deceleration type. Through logistic regression analysis, factors related to the state dependency argument are shown to have significant effects on the acceleration type. Based on the findings, the authors of this study has suggested that preventive treatments for status offenders, special programs targeting at risk groups, reintegrative approaches at school should be employed to deal with the juvenile recidivism.

범죄피해조사의 수정과 발전

이순래 ( Soon Rae Lee ),박철현 ( Cheol Hyun Park ) 동의대학교 지방자치연구소 2016 공공정책연구 Vol.32 No.2

The biggest limitation of crime statistics is many dark figures which are not found by criminal justice system. The most important of alternatives to overcome this limitation, is crime victimization survey. This crime victimization survey has been considered with a very important database, after having been carried out at first in USA, in 1960s. But there were opinions that crime victimization survey also have some limitations in finding criminal victimizations. So, in USA, the existing NCS was modified and NCVS was newly developed. The main modification was the introduction of cognitive interview technique which was designed that interviewees could recall the more memory of their criminal victimizations, by suggesting more situational cues to interviewees. Currently, in international crime victimization survey(ICVS), old method has been used, in which, first, interviewer questions the experience of a criminal victimization, and, second, the detail of the criminal victimization. But, in Korean crime victimization survey(KCVS), there were some similar modifications, such in NCVS. So this study introduces this some important developments and modifications in NCVS, ICVS and KCVS.

범죄통계와 연구윤리: 성매매 실태조사의 사례

이순래 ( Soon Rae Lee ),정혜원 ( Hey Won Jeong ),박철현 ( Cheol Hyun Park ) 동의대학교 지방자치연구소 2014 공공정책연구 Vol.31 No.2

Especially, research ethics are emphasized in area of criminal justice, because subjects of researches in this area are very sensitive to their respondents and so their results of research can highly victimize their respondents. This study discusses a research ethics which had been proposed in process of the qualifying and the disqualifying of a Korean Prostitution Survey as national statistics. And this study discusses on the code of ethics of Academy of Criminal Justice Science as a paragon, and the research ethics and proper attitudes which Korean researchers must have.

飮酒運轉의 原因에 관한 硏究

李淳來(Lee Soon-Rae),朴哲賢(Park Cheol-Hyun) 한국형사법무정책연구원 1997 형사정책연구 Vol.31 No.-

고정효과(fixed effects)가 학교폭력에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이순래 ( Soon Rae Lee ),이규헌 ( Gyu Hyun Lee ) 동의대학교 지방자치연구소 2015 공공정책연구 Vol.32 No.1

Various policies have been enacted to deal with school violence in Korea. However, it is hard to see the effectiveness of such policiess. The extents of school violence in recent years are not shown to significantly drop. One of the reasons of why the current policies fail to achieve the intended goal might rest upon the unrealistic assumption on the nature of school violence. The policies have assumed that victimizers and the victimized are two separate groups of students. On the other hand, criminological studies on this issue have consistently reported the overlap of the two groups. This study is to examine the extent of the overlap between the victimizers and the victimized in school violence by using fixed-effects regression analysis. Descriptive analysis shows much overlap of the victimizers and the victimized in school violence. Students who were victimized one year ago are more likely to commit violent acts against other students by 184% compared to those who were not victimized. The fixed-effects regression analysis show that state-dependent variables are significant predictors for school violence, even though both measured and unmeasured variables for population heterogeneity are controlled for. The result indicates that school violence is related to state-dependency as well as population heterogeneity. Based on the findings, this study suggests restorative justice model as a new policy to deal with school violence.