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Daytime and Nighttime Photochemical Reactions of the Pure Oxygen System
윤광식,Kwnag Sik Yun Korean Chemical Society 1969 대한화학회지 Vol.13 No.4
Studies of photochemical reactions of the pure oxygen atmosphere are made using reaction rate constants and atmospheric data available in the latest literature. The daytime and nighttime variations in atomic oxygen and ozone are computed, based on three different conditions: 1) photochemical equilibrium, 2) direct integrations of the rate equations with modifications and approximation to the equations, and 3) by numerical integrations. The departure from the photochemical equilibrium concentrations during day and nighttime are discussed by comparing the results obtaind from the three conditions.
논에서의 일주기 수질 조사로부터 유도된 오염물질의 강우-유출 사상별 유량가중평균농도와 유출량-유하부하량 관계
윤광식,조재영,최진용,한국헌 한국농공학회 2002 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.44 No.5
Water quality samples were taken for every two hours whenever runoff occurred by rainfall to investigate concentration variations of T-N, T-P and SS during runoff process from a paddy field. The difference between the highest concentration in a runoff event and flow weighted mean concentration for T-N, T-P, SS placed between 3.07∼40.16%, 11.44∼60.80%, and 15.11∼64.5%, respectively. The difference between the lowest concentration in event and event mean concentration for T-N, T-P, SS ranged between -7.24∼-31.84%, -11.59∼-47.86%, and -8.21∼-36.20%, respectively. The relationship between runoff and mass load was derived for each storm event using observed data. The relationship between runoff and mass load showed linear relationship regardless of water quality constituents and rainfall amount. The results suggested that relationship between T-N and T-P loads and runoff should be prepared separately in considering of fertilization effect and seasonal conditions. The relationship between SS and runoff should be made to reflect seasonal conditions and tillage effect. 본 연구에서는 필지논에서 오염부하량 추정시 오차를 추정하기 위해 강우사상에 의한 유출수를 2시간 간격으로 채수하여 유출 과정 중 T-N, T-P, SS의 농도 변화를 살펴보았고, 이를 유출과정 중의 평균농도와 비교하였으며, L-Q식을 사용 오염부하량 추정시 문제점을 고찰하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같이 요약될 수 있다.1. 각 강우사상의 유출시 T-N의 유량가중평균농도는 영농기에는 5.735∼11.580 mg/L이며, 비영농기에는 3.645∼5.426 mg/L로 나타났다. 논에서 T-N의 강우사상별 유출수 내의 농도는 강우량 크기보다는 시비량 및 시비시기와 강우 유출의 발생시기에 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. T-N의 경우 연중 시비후 시간이 경과함에 따라 유량가중평균농도가 감소하는 경향이 뚜렷하였다.2. T-P의 경우 강우 유출수의 유량가중평균농도의 최고치는 시비영향을 받은 유출 사상에서 0.2 mg/L이었으며, 일반적으로 강우 유출수 내 유량가중평균농도는 일반적으로 0.11∼0.14 mg/L로 연중 변화가 크지 않은 것으로 관측되었다.3. SS의 경우 일반적으로 강우 유출수 내 유량가중평균농도는 영농기에는 122.45∼165.82 mg/L 이었으며, 비영농기인 겨울동안 82.27∼111.62 mg/L로 나타났다. 그러나 1998년 봄 논갈이의 영향을 받아 502.12 mg/L 값이 관측되었다. 4. 조사된 결과는 만일 모든 강우-유출 사상에 대해 단 1회라도 수질 자료가 측정된다면 오염부하량 산정 결과는 충분한 수질자료를 이용한 경우에 비해 T-N 은 -31.84∼40.16%, T-P는 -47.86∼60.8%, SS는 -36.2∼64.5% 내외의 오차를 가질 수 있음을 보였다. 5. 강우-유출 일주기 조사로부터 유출량-유하부하량 관계식을 얻어 오염부하량을 추정하기 위해서는 T-N은 여러 시기로, T-P는 시비에 영향을 받는 시기와 나머지 시기를 구분하여 관계식을 도출하여야 하며, SS의 경우는 영농기 및 비영농기 그리고 경운의 영향이 있는 시기로 나누어 관계식을 도출할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다.
윤광식,설성인,조대명 융합연구학회 2023 융합연구학회지 Vol.7 No.1
Technology standard competition is a fierce competition between tech- nologies to become a de facto standard. This is because a company or a group that develops and secures a de facto standard technology can gain an edge in the market and industry. This study applies the evolutionary perspective of natural selection to interpret the competition between technologies. By genetically interpret- ing the process of natural selection, the traits suitable for the environment spread to the group through generations through a mechanism called differential reproduction. By culturally interpreting the process of natural selection, the strategies to get higher payoffs spread to the group through generations by diffusion. In order to compare the payoffs between WiMAX technology and LTE technology, the measurement indicators were extracted from the patent data and defined. As a result, it was confirmed that LTE technology standard was technologically superior to the WiMAX technology standard. The main academic contribution of this study Is to compare the technol- ogy-related indicators such as diffusion, scope and profitability to figure out strategies to get higher payoffs between the WiMAX technology standard and LTE technology standard based on the evolutionary perspective.
음곡 금전초약침이 LPS로 유도된 흰쥐의 신장염에 미치는 영향
윤광식,강재희,이현 대한침구의학회 2011 대한침구의학회지 Vol.28 No.3
Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Desmodii herb pharmacopuncture (DH-HA) at KI_(10)(Umgok) on nephritis induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in rat. Methods : Rats were injected LPS to induce nephritis. DH-HA group was treated with DH-HA at KI10 three times for a week, NP group with 26 gauge needle, saline group with normal saline. To evaluate the effects of DH-HA at KI10 on nephritis in rats, RBC, WBC, neutrophil in blood, TNF-a, CINC-1 in serum, creatinine and total protein in urine, renal TNF-a, renal MPO were measured and renal tissue was analyzed. Results : WBC in blood, CINC-1 in serum, renal MPO significantly reduced in DH-HA group. Conclusions : DH-HA at KI_(10) is effective for nephritis in LPS-induced rats. Therefore, DH-HA at KI_(10) may be useful for nephritis in clinical field.
민간항공사 운항승무원의 건강관련 삶의 질(HRQoL) 예측모형
윤광식,노요섭 한국비교정부학회 2016 한국비교정부학보 Vol.20 No.4
The purpose of this study was to investigate Health-related quality of life(HRQoL) for airline flight of crew. The variables for the study included life style, self-efficacy, fatigue for HRQoL. The data were collected from 253 employees of the airline flight of crew who gave their informed consent and completed a self-reported questionnaire in April, 2016. A path analysis model was established and used to assess parameters such as life style, self-efficacy, fatigue for HRQoL. The fitness of the hypothetical model was adequate(CMIN/ DF=3.833, GFI=0.996, NFI=0.982, CFI=0.993, IFI=0.990, RMR=0.011). Analysis of the hypothetical model demonstrated that the direct effects of health habit and stress management were significantly correlated with self efficacy. The explanation power of the hypothetical model was 10.6%. The factors that influenced on the health-related quality of life were fatigue, self-efficacy and the explanation power was 15.8%. The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to develop health promotion program to enhance self-efficacy and to decrease fatigue for health-related quality of life.
윤광식,정재운,한국헌,김영주,김진택,Yoon Kwang Sik,Jung Jae Woon,Han Kuk Heon,Kim Young Joo,Kim Jin Taek 한국관개배수위원회 2005 한국관개배수논문집 Vol.12 No.1
In order to investigate effect of irrigation on soil moisture and garlic growth, a experimental plot, which was shielded from precipitation was established. The irrigation levels during the experimental period were 30, 20, 10 mm and non-irrigation with th