Role of Adenosine and Protein Kinase C in the Anti-ischemic Process of Ischemic Preconditioning in Rat Heart

유호진,박종완,김명석,You, Ho-Jin,Park, Jong-Wan,Kim, Myung-Suk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1996 대한약리학잡지 Vol.32 No.1

허혈전처치(IP)의 히혈-재관류손상에 대한 심근 보호작용의 기전을 규명하기 위한 일환으로 denosine에 의한 PKC자극이 허혈전처치의 주요 기전으로 작용할 가능성을 조사하였다. 흰쥐 적출심장의 Langendorff 관류 표본에서 실험적인 허혈(30분)-재관류(20분)손상을 유도하였고, 허혈전처치는 허혈-재관류 손상 유도 전에 5분 허혈-5분 재관류를 3회 반복하여 시행하였다. 심근 손상의 지표로 심수축기능, 세포질효소 유출을 측정하였다. Adenosine이 허혈전처치의 심보호 효과에 관여하는지를 관찰하기 위하여 adenosine수용체 억제제인 8-(p-sulfophenyl)-theophylline(SPT), Xanthine amine congener(XAC) 및 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX)을 허혈전처치 유도 전에 투여하였다. 또한 PKC가 허혈전처치의 세포내 매개인자로 관여 할 가능성을 관찰하기 위하여 PKC활성 억제제인 polymyxin B 및 chelerythrine과 PKC translocation 억제제인 colchicine을 허혈전처치 유도 전에 투여하였다. 연구성적은 다음과 같다. 1) 허혈전처치는 허혈재관류 심장의 심기능의 저하를 현저히 회복시켜 심기능 회복률은 75%에 달하였다. 2) 허혈-재관류 심장에서 lactate dehydrogenase유출증가는 허혈전처치에 의해 현저히 저하되었다. 3) Adenosine 비선택적 차단제인 SPT와 Al 선택적 차단제인 DPCPX 및 XAC의 투여가 허혈전처치에 의한 심기능회복 및 LDH 유출 감소에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 4) PKC활성 억제제인 polymyxin B 와 chelerythrine을 처치시 히혈전처치 심장의 심기능 회복률이 현저히 감소되었으며 LHD 유출 역시 대조군 심장의 수준으로 증가하였다. 5) PKC translocation을 방해하는 colchicine도 허혈전처치의 심보호 효과를 억제시켰다. 이상의 결과들로부터 adenosine은 흰쥐 심장에서 허혈전처치의 심보호효과에 중요한 세포외 매개물질로 작용할 가능성이 희박하며, PKC는 흰쥐 심장에서 허혈전처치시 세포내 매개 인자로 관여하여 허혈전처치에 의한 심보호효과에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있으리라 사료된다. The protective effect of 'ischemic preconditioning (IP)'on ischemia-reperfusion injury of heart has been reported in various animal species, but the mechanism is unclear. In an attempt to elucidate the mechanism of IP, we examined the effects of blockers against adenosine and protein kinase C in preconditioned heart of rat. The hearts perfused with oxygen-saturated Krebs-Henseleit solution by Langendorff method were exposed to 30 min global ischemia followed by 20 min reperfusion. IP was performed with three episodes of 5 min ischcmia and 5 min reperfusion just before ischemia-reperfusion. IP prevented the depression of contractile function and the myocardial contracture in the ischemic-reperfused heart and reduced the release of lactate dehydrogenase during the reperfusion period. Polymyxin B, chelerythrine and colchicine, PKC inhibitors, attenuated almost completely the anti-ischemic effect of IP, while adenosine receptor antagonists did not. These results indicate that PKC may be a crucial intracellular mediator in anti-ischemic action of IP in ischemic-reperfused rat heart, while adenosine may not be involved in the mechanism of IP.

조위(曹偉) 시의 천기묘출양상(天機描出樣相)과 그 의미 - 정신적 자유에의 지향을 중심으로

유호진 ( Ho Jin Ryu ) 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2005 민족문화연구 Vol.42 No.-

This paper, for explaining the features of Chinese poetry of the gentry during Seongjong(成宗)'s reign, described poetic characteristics and mental intention represented Jowui'(曹偉)s poems which depicted natural things. His poems which depicted natural things shows that he seeks for the beauty and features of things and divine true character, which implies that the poet carefully looks at Cheongi(天機) of things Jangja(莊子) stressed. Accordingly, he encapsulates natural things by dividing them into a shape changing according to its life principle, a self-satisfying shape with leisure, and a free shape. Especially that he frequently depicts the image of the things which moves flexibly implies that he seeks for mental freedom. A longing for mental freedom shows more distinctly in that he enjoys representing harmony(調和) and sympathy(感應) with natural things. To him, the harmony and sympathy with natural things means participating in the order of the universe(道) by being in rapport with natural things and disclosing the inside, through which opposition to an object disappears and individual isolated self is extended to universal self. That is the reason his poems which depicted scenery are full of delightful emotion(悅樂). It can be said that such creation of natural poems was derived from restrictions in holding a government post, a sense of emptiness in life and reflection on the mannerism of current poetical circles. The poet inspired the poetical circles with new vitality through poems which depicted Cheongi and expanded the opportunity of an aesthetic experience. Meanwhile, his poems shows a fact that a mental longing was discovered through Taoism under a cultural atmosphere in which the current new scholars did not absorb Seongrihak(道學).

ALE 방식 부분대역 간섭처리 시스템의 성능 평가

유호진(Ryu Ho Jin),유흥균(Ryu Heung Gyoon) 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 1997 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.12 No.1

N/A

실내무선통신 방식에서 페이딩의 영향을 고려한 QAM 방식의 성능평가

유호진(Ryu Ho Jin),유흥균(Ryu Heung Gyoon) 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 1997 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

N/A

EC(3) / 전자지불시스템의 현황과 발전과제

유호진 ( Ho Jin Yoo ),이정영 ( Jung Young Lee ),정지숙 ( Jee Sook Jung ) 한국정보시스템학회 2000 한국정보시스템학회 춘계 학술발표논문집 Vol.2000 No.-

퇴계 시(詩)의 이미지 연구 -상승의 이미지, 물의 이미지, 매화의 이미지를 중심으로

유호진 ( Ho Jin Ryu ) 퇴계학연구원 2004 退溪學報 Vol.116 No.-

변계량 시의 변모와 그 문학사적 의미

유호진 ( Yu Ho Jin ) 한국시가학회 2003 韓國 詩歌硏究 Vol.14 No.-

이달(李達) 시(詩)에 나타난 소멸(消滅)과 생성(生成)의 상상력에 대하여

유호진 ( Yu Ho-jin ) 한국시가학회 2020 韓國 詩歌硏究 Vol.51 No.-

Lee Dal(李達)'s poems have a couple of expressive features, including his frequent uses of depiction and often borrowing the narrative structure. The images of birds and insects, female figures, and fall that often appeared in his descriptions implied the poet himself gradually losing energy and vitality. He conveyed his awareness that his life force decreased little by little in the world of his sickness with a series of such images displaying his imagination of extinction. The poet began his inquiry into the essence of being as he developed a sense of emptiness in this awareness. In his works, the poet embodied plants with wounds to imply that the essence of being lied in the persistent will for life. Furthermore, he created a symbol of flower bundles to imply that life`s essence was the harmonious state of life force and beauty. Ideal figures that achieved the state were depicted in the images of generals, Taoist hermits with miraculous power, ascetics, hermits, and Yeins. This series of images that appeared in combination with the rise images attract attention as they show his imagination of creation. The poet paid attention to ordinary people who shared the same pain as him in his wandering life. He depicted ordinary people`s suffering in his poems in a short narrative structure, expressing his deep sympathy and compassion for them. Moreover, he also talked about his bond and consciousness of kind for them in his poems. He delivered the message of true happiness in life by describing the healthy and lively aspects of ordinary people. Lee Dal's poems imply a profound and broad spiritual world that he achieved by delving into the essence of being based on his hardship and exhibiting his spiritual journey of resonance with ordinary people`s pain and grief. He especially expressed his spiritual orientation with various images and colorful figures based on his imagination of extinction and creation, which is why his poetry in the Tang style(唐詩風) has been praised.

『퇴계집(退溪集)』 시(詩) 편성(編成)의 체제(體制)와 특징(特徵) ― 퇴계(退溪) 자편시고(自編詩稿)를 중심으로

유호진 ( Ryu Ho-jin ) 퇴계학연구원 2017 退溪學報 Vol.142 No.-

The multi-layered organization system of Toegyejip was influenced by Huang Tingjian's collections of works(黃山谷文集) and especially his collections of poems as well as Zhu Xi's Complete Works(朱子大全). It is thus one of Toegyejip's system features that those two systems of collec-tion of works were involved in its formation. It was Toegye himself that accepted the system of Huang Tingjian's collections of poems. By accepting the system, he made a different version of Toegye's own poetry manuscripts, which was used as the original script for the Naejip(內集) and Byeoljip(別集) collected poems of his Toegyejip. It means that anoth-er feature of Toegyejip was that it presented a mix of the organization system for collections of poems devised by Toegye and that for collec-tions of works chosen by his pupils. The more secret characteristics of its system can be checked in the criteria used to divide his poems into two versions of Toegye's own poetry manuscripts. Toegye included his poems reflecting his determination for study in Toegye's own poetry manuscripts A and the ones reflecting poet's taste in Toegye's own poetry manuscripts B. He moved his works reflecting his determination for study to Toegye's own poetry manuscripts B when their literary achievements were at a low level. In the end, his poetry manuscripts increased in artistic achievements or Confucian study tendency in the order of Sokjip(續集), Byeoljip, and Naejip. Understanding these characteristics of his poetry manuscripts in Toegyejip will require a particular focus on the Naejip and Byeoljip of the current Toegyejip.

鄭誧 詩에 나타난 生命本質 및 生命欲求에 대하여

유호진(Ryu Ho-jin) 동양한문학회(구 부산한문학회) 2006 동양한문학연구 Vol.23 No.-

  鄭?의 詩에 대한 연구는 시인의 불우한 삶과 작품을 직접적으로 연계하여 해석하는 쪽으로 치우쳐 있었다. 본고는 이러한 연구방법에서 벗어나 작품에 나타난 이미지와 정서를 분석함으로써 정포 시의 高妙함과 아름다움을 해명하고자 한 것이다. 시인의 시에서 주목되는 이미지는 꽃ㆍ빛ㆍ산 등 생명력을 드러낸 이미지들과, 새ㆍ길ㆍ물 등 고요함을 상징하는 이미지들이다. 이들은 자연생명이 지닌 두 가지 생명 본질을 시사한다.<BR>  시인이 두 가지 생명본질 가운데 생명력에 더 주목하고 있었다는 사실은 꽃의 이미지나 아름다운 여인의 형상을 묘사한 그의 개성적인 작품들이 생명력을 현시한다는 점에서 드러난다. 특히 시인은 남녀의 이별을 극화하여 순수한 사랑의 정감을 노래함으로써 인간의 생명욕구를 드러내었다. 또한 자연물의 생명력과 이를 관조하는 데서 오는 환희를 노래하여 자신의 생명욕구를 암시하기도 하였다. 그러므로 아름다운 여인, 악기와 노랫소리, 자연경물 등을 묘사하여 그의 風流를 묘사한 시는 생명욕구 즉 생명력 회복에의 지향을 시화한 작품들이라 할 수 있다.<BR>  중요한 사실은 이러한 생명욕구가 세속적인 욕망과 구별된다는 점이다. 시인은 작품을 통해 생명본질인 고요함을 획득하였을 때 이러한 생명욕구를 온전하게 발현할 수 있으며 이러한 고요함은 ‘無思’로부터 비롯된다는 자신의 통찰을 전하였다. 결국 이러한 통찰은 시인의 시가 老子思想에 뿌리를 두고 있음을 시사한다. 그는 노자사상의 영향을 받아 ‘利欲으로 얼룩진 세계’를 거부하고 자연스러운 생명욕구에 따라사는 삶을 추구하였던 것이다.   A study on Jeongpo(鄭?)"s poems evaluated high has had a bent for interpretation of his works by directly connecting the unhappy life of the poet to his works. The purpose of this paper is to examine dexterity and beauty of Jeongpo"s poems by escaping from such a study view and analyzing images and emotion represented in this works.<BR>  The images indicated in the poet"s poems are those showing vitality such as flower, light, mountain etc and those symbolizing calmness such as a bird, road, water etc. They implies not simple vigor and calmness but two types of life essence contained in natural life. The fact that the poet directed more attention to vigor of the two essential elements is revealed in that his peculiar works which depicted an image of an flower, a shape of a beautiful woman, sound of a song, etc. shows vigor. Especially, the poet represented life desire able to be called essence of vigor to the human by dramatizing a separation between man and woman and singing pure love. Also, the poet implied his life desire by singing vitality of natural things and delight in contemplating them. Therefore, it can be said that the poems that represented a beautiful woman, a musical instrument, sound of a song, scenery, etc. did not express simple romance but poeticize life desire, that is, the recovery of vitality.<BR>  The important fact is that such life desire is differentiated from various desires which derived from distinguishing between loss and gain, and good and evil. The poet, through his works, conveyed his insight that when calmness, another life essence, was obtained, such a life desire can be appropriately revealed and such calmness derived from thoughtlessness. At last, such an insight implies that the poems of the poet is rooted in Taoism. To resist the world full of individual avarice, he sought life essence of all things under the sun following Taoism and sought a life according to a natural life desire.