방사선조사후 백서소장점막에서 발생하는 신호전달체계에 관한 연구

유정현,김성숙,이경자,이정식 대한방사선종양학회 1997 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.15 No.2

목 적 : 최근 신호전달체계에서 중요한 효소로 알려진 phospholipase C(PLC) 동위효소들의 발현이 조직의 종류와 발달과정에 따라 특이한 양상을 보이고 PLC-γ1은 세포의 성장, 분화 및 증식에 중추적 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 방사선 조사 후 세포내 신호전달에 관한 연구도 최근 활발하여 소장 점막의 재생에 PLC-γ1 및 ras 암 유전자단백이 관여하고, 조직 손상에 protein kinase C(PKC)가 관여하는 등 연구들이 보고되었으나 이들의 연구가 단편적이며 아직 확실히 밝혀진 바가 없다. 본 연구는 백서의 소장에 방사선을 조사하여 PLC 동위효소, epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), ras 암유전자단백, 및 PKC와 같이 신호전달체계에 관여하는 물질들의 발현을 시간적으로 관찰하여 방사선에 의한 소장 조직의 손상 및 재생 기전을 밝히고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 실험동물로 암.수 구별없이 생후 4-5개월, 체중 250-300g의 백서(Spraque-Dawley) 60마리를 대상으로 하여 실험군으로 전신에 8Gy의 방사선을 조사하고 방사선 조사 후 1일, 3일, 5일, 7일,14일에 각각 10마리씩 희생시켜 소장을 적출하여 사용하였고, 정상대조군은 각 시기별로 2마리씩 사용하였다. 적출된 소장의 반은 즉시 얼려 PLC의 면역블로팅 및 phosphoinositide(PI) 가수분해 활성도 측정에 사용하였고, 나머지 반은 포르말린에 고정한 다음 파라핀에 포매하여 조직병리검색과 면역조직화학염색에 사용하였다. EGFR, ras 암유전자단백, PLC, PKC의 발현은 면역조직화학염색법으로 관찰하였다. 점막세포의 재생여부는 광학현미경상의 유사분열 수와 proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) kit를 이용한 증식세포핵 수로 확인하였다. PLC는 PLC-β, -γ, -δ 발현을 모두 검색하였고, 각각 면역블로팅과 PI 가수분해 활성도 측정으로 확인하였다. 결 과 : 1) 조직병리학 소견상 방사선 조사에 의한 소장의 조직손상은 1일부터 관찰되어 3일까지 심하였고 재생은 3일과 5일에 현저하였다. 2) 면역조직화학염색 결과 PLC-γ1의 발현은 재생을 보이는 3일과 5일에 발현되었으며 5일째의 점막에서 가장 강하게 나타났다. PLC-δ1은 방사선 조사 후 손상을 보이는 1일과 3일의 점막에서 강한 발현을 나타내었다. PLC-β1은 모든 실험군에서 발현되지 않았다. 면역블로팅 결과도 면역조직화학염색과 일치하는 결과를 보였다. 3) PLC-γ1의 활성도를 보기 위한 PI 가수분해 활성도 측정결과는 3일과 5일에 현저히 높은 수치를 보여 방사선 조사후 소장점막의 재생과정의 중요한 신호전달과정이 PLC-γ1이 관여하는 PI 가수분해에 의해 이뤄짐을 알 수 있었다. 4) ras 암유전자단백의 발현은 재생이 시작되는 3일부터 나타나 7일까지 지속되었고, EGFR도 재생시기인 3일과 5일에 가장 강하게 나타났고 그 후 점차 감소하는 추세를 보였다. 한편 PKC는 발현이 미약했으나 증식지수가 높은 점막에 3일과 5일에 발현이 관찰되었다. 결 론 :방사선조사에 의한 소장점막조직의 손상 및 재생과정의 신호전달기전에 PLC의 신호전달체계에 관여하는 효소가 중요한 역할을 하며 특히 PLC-γ1과 ras암유전자단백, EGFR, PKC는 방사선조사 후 공장점막세포의 재생기전에 주로 발현되어 재생과정과 관련된 신호전달기전에 관여함을 나타내었다. PLC-δ은 방사선 조사 후 세포의 손상시기에 강한 발현을 보여 특히 손상과정과 관련된 신호전달기전에 관여함을 추측할 수 있었다. PLC-β1의 발현은 모든 실험군에서 음성인 소견을 보여 방사선조사 후 소장점막의 세포손상 및 재생과정에서 PLC-β1과 관련된 신호전달체계는 관여하지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나, 이러한 신호전달체계의 기전을 구체적으로 밝히기 위해서는 추후 지속적인 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다. Purpose : Phospholipase C(PLC) isozymes play significant roles in signal transduction mechanism. PLC-γ1 is one of the key regulatory enzymes in signal transduction for cellular proliferation and differentiation. Ras oncoprotein, EGFR, and PKC are also known to be involved in cell growth. The exact mechanisms of these signal transduction following irradiation, however, were not clearly documented. Thus, this study was planned to determine the biological significance of PLC, ras oncoprotein, EGFR, and PKC in damage and regeneration of rat intestinal mucosa following irradiation. Material and Method : Sixty Sprague- Dawley rats were irradiated to entire body with a single dose of 8Gy. The rats were divided into 5 groups according to the sacrifice days after irradiation. The expression of PLC, ras oncoprotein, EGFR and PKC in each group were examined by the immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. The histopathologic findings were observed using H&E stain, and the mitoses for the evidence of regeneration were counted using the light microscopy & PCNA kit. The phosphoinositide(PI) hydrolyzing activity assay was also done for the indirect evaluation of PLC-γ1 activity. Results : In the immunohistochemistry, the expression of PLC-β was negative for all groups. The expression of PLC-γ1 was highest in the group Ⅲ followed by group Ⅱ in the proliferative zone of mucosa. The expression of PKC-δ1 was strongly positive in group Ⅰ followed by group Ⅱ in the damaged surface epithelium. The above findings were also confirmed in the immunoblotting study. In the immunoblotting study, the expressions of PLC-β, PLC-γ1, and PLC-δ1 were the same as the results of immunohistochemistry. The expression of ras oncoprotein was weakly positive in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ. The of EGFR was the highest in the group Ⅱ, Ⅲ, followed by group Ⅳ and the expression of PKC was weakly positive in the group Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Conclusion : PLC-γ1 mediated signal transduction including ras oncoprotein, EGFR, and PKC play a significant role in mucosal regeneration after irradiation. PLC-δ1 mediated signal transduction might have an important role in mucosal damage after irradiation. Further studies will be necessary to confirm the signal transduction mediating the PLC-δ1.

유방질환의 유방촬영술에 관한 연구

유정현,이정식 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1995 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.18 No.1

There are variable radiological method for breast disease including mammography, breast ultrasound, thermography, CT-mammography and MRI. Among these, mammography is the oldest and the gold standard for diagnosis of breast disease. In mammography, the primary consideration is the demonstration of the absence or presence of the breast lesion and if present, the benignity of malignancy of the lesion. The authors analyzed the mammographic findings in 145 cases pathologically proven cases of various breast disease. The results were as follows: 1) The most prevalent age group of benign lesion was 3rd-4th decade with frequency of 65.3% and that of malignant lesion was 4th-5th decade with frequency of 66.6%. 2) The most frequent site of breast lesion was upper outer quadrant in benignity and malignancy. 3) Pathologic type of breast malignancy was all of ductal carinoma with various type, and the most common benignity is breast tumor(57.8%) and followed fibrocystic disease(27.3%). 4) The detection of abnormal findings of malignant lesion was 87.5% including mass lesion(75%) and benign lesion was 80.1% including mass lesion(54.5%). Conclusively, the authours suggest that mammography is very useful method for the detection & diagnosis of breast disease.

배변증상이 있는 환자에서 비디오 촬영을 이용한 배변조영술

유정현,김광호 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 2001 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.24 No.1

Purpose : While some information about colonic function may be obtained from fluoroscopic assessment, detailed depiction of function of the rectum and anal canal during defecation is not possible with conventional technique. Defecography is a useful technique of examining the rectum and canal in which the patient is studied while sitting down and video recordings could be obtained during the procedure. To evaluate the clinical usefulness of defecography in patients with anorectal dysfunction, defecographic examinations were retrogradely reviewed. Materials and Methods : Thirty symptomatic patients performed defecography. The ratio of men : women was 9 : 21, and the age was 8 to 86 years(mean, 36year). Presenting symptoms included a sensation of rectal blockage during straining, rectal prolapse through the anus, anal pain, etc.. While the patient was in the left decubitus position, 250㎖ of a thick barium past was injected into the rectum. The patient was then seated a toilet chair mounted on the footplate of a remote-control stand. And lateral images and video recording centered over the rectum and true pelvis obtained over a period of several minutes, both at rest and during and sqeezing and straining. The defecographaic results were analyzed for the anorectal angle and perineal descent at rest, sqeezing and during straining. Change of rectal configuration and canal width during staining were reviewed. Results : Defecation was normal in 5 patients(16.6%). Rectocele was seen in 17case(56.6%). Rectal proplase with or without intususception was 11 case(36.3%), 3 cases(10%) of sigmoidcele, and 2 cases(6.6%) of dynsfunction of puborectalis. There was a 1 case(3.3%) of rectal polyp. Seven cases(23%) show combined findings : 2 cases with rectocele, rectal intussusception and sigmoidcele, 4 cases with rectocele, rectal intussusecption and rectal prolapse, rectocele and dynsfunction of puborectalis in 1 case. The measurement of anorectal angel was 65°-125°(mean, 104°) in resting state, 57°-90°(mean, 63°) in sqezzing, and 78°-115°(mean, 103°) in straining state. Conclusion : Defecography with video recording is a useful study in assessment and diagnosis of various discase causing anorectal dysfunciton. However, the measurement of anorectal angle was wide range without statistical significance.

유방X-선 촬영술에서 오진한 유방암의 후향적연구

유정현 대한영상의학회 1995 대한영상의학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Purpose: Misdiagnosed breast cancer on screening mammography was retrospectively reviewed in an attempt to analyze the cause for the undiscovery and to determine findings that might have been suggested on the mammographic examination. Materials and Methods: Of the 173 breast cancers that were pathologically proven, 17 breast cancers misdiagnosed on mammogram was retrogradly analyzed for the causes of the misinterpretation and predominant secondary findings. Results: Three of the 17 were negative on mammography except for dense breast. Two patients had localized asymmetricity without visible mass. Ten patients had benign-looking mass which was well-defined(n=5), partly defined(n=2), multiple (n=1), or included benign-looking calcification(n=2). Remaining two cases werer etrospectively diagnosed as misinterpreted breast cancers. Various secondary findings such as were useful in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Conclusion: Meticulous observation could improve the diagnostic yield of breast cancerin mammography.

복부 전산화단층 촬영상 조영 증강 전후의 전이성 간암 크기에 관한 비교연구

유정현,서정수,이정식 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 2001 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.24 No.3

Objectives : To investigate whether measurements of hepatic metastases before contrast administration are different from measuments after contrast administration. And to gain more effective follow up method by analyzing the difference of contrast between pre- and postcontrast scans. Materials and Methods : Thirty patients with herpatic metastases were underwent conventional CT. Continuous 10㎜ thick slices were obtained from liver dome to pelvic inlet, then the patients received Ⅳ injection of contrast material, and same method as precontrast CT scan was performed. Additional 5㎜ thin slice scan was obtained in case of need. Three radiologists performed independent bidimensional measurements of the randomly selected lesion on both pre- and postcontrast images at the same level and analyzed the difference of the size and contrast. Results : The size of hepatic metastases were measured as smaller on postcontrast images ; average 41.4±43.5㎠ on precontrast scan & 35.2±37.5㎠ on postcontrast scan. There was significant difference by paired t-test(p<0.02). 24 of 30 cases(80%) showed better conspicuity on postcontrast images, 5(16.7%), on precontrast images and 1(3.3%) showed similiar conspicuity on both pre- and postcontrast images. The contrast of hepatic metastases was significantly higher on postcontrast scan by chi-square test(p<0.01). Conclusion : Hepatic metastases are significantly smaller on postcontrast images. The contrast between metastatic lesion & liver parenchyme was better on postcontrast scan. Therefore, serial assessment of hepatic metastases size by CT should not be compared mixed pre- and postcontrast image. And postcontrast scan is more effective method than precontrast for follow up of hepatic metastasis.

스마트팜 운영시 빗물 재활용을 통한 농촌지역 지하수 사용량대체 효과 실증 연구

유정현,김은정,윤철구,손봉호,이규회,한영수 한국지하수토양환경학회 2023 지하수토양환경 Vol.28 No.5

In this study, an empirical experiment was conducted to assess the feasibility of replacing groundwater with rainwater inmelon cultivation using a smart rainwater harvesting system. The rainwater harvesting efficiency was calculated underthree different melon cultivation scenarios. After cultivation, the quality of the fruits grown with rainwater andgroundwater was compared by examining the weight, degree of sweetness, and flesh hardness of the products. The resultsrevealed that the water quality of the smart rainwater harvesting device was suitable for melon cultivation to provide betterhardness and chloride levels than groundwater. It was also estimated that about 40% of the total water demand for fullgrowth of the melon could be supplied by rainwater. The fruit weight and sweetness were equivalent or slightly better forthe melons cultivated with rainwater than those cultivated with groundwater. In particular, the flesh hardness wassignificantly improved by rainwater cultivation. These results collectively suggest that rainwater can be used as asubstitute for groundwater to preserve groundwater resources without compromizing the produced fruit quality.

Cu와 Mn을 포함한 산화촉매를 이용한 벤젠의 산화

유정현,양재환 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2019 젊은 연구자 학술연구발표회 Vol.17 No.0

도플러 초음파를 이용한 미숙아 초자체유리양막질환의 뇌혈역학변화

유정현,김경희 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1999 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.22 No.2

Objectives : To access the changes of cerebral blood flow velocity according to the time after surfactant administration, we prospectively studied in the Hyaline Membrane Disease using Doppler ultrasonography. Materiala and Method : The patients were 26 infants. The mean gestational age was 3l^4wks (range, 18^4 to 38wk). The ratio of male : female was 16 : 10, mean weight was 1.76±0.88Kg, Apgar score at 5min was 6.9, and type of delivery was C-section : vaginal delivery 19 : 4. Before and after, 10, 30min, 1, 6, l2hr, 1, 3, 5, 7days after surfactant administration, peak systolic and end-diastolic flow velocity(PSFV, EDFV) were estimated by Doppler method measuring MCA flow velocity. The Resistive index was calculated according to the mathematics. For the evaluation of the clinical status, systolic and diastolic systemic BP, PaO_2, PaCO_2, FiO_2, pH, and respiratory rate(RR) were checked. Results : The cerebral blood flow velocity showed initial increase of PSFV just after synthetic surfactant administration, and the increased PSFV continued until the 30 minites and then decreased. PSFV returns to initial level at 6hr, and then increased again. The changes of EDFV was not significant. The changes of RI & PI were no significant changes. The effects of surfactant to the systemic BP had no significance. The changes of PaCO_2 and Pa0_2 were not significant. FiO_2 showed steady improvement. Initial tachypnea and acidosis progressively improved without clinical significance. Conclusion : The administration of Surfactant in the HMD patients results in transient increase of cerebral blood flow velocity.

ICC 19 참관기

유정현 한국초전도저온학회 (구 한국초전도저온공학회) 2016 초전도와 저온공학 Vol.18 No.2

Gadolinium-Enhanced 3D Fast Imaging Steady-State Procession(FISP) MR Venography in the Deep Vein Thrombosis of Low Extremities

유정현,서정수 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2004 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.27 No.1

연구목적: 하지정맥의 심부혈전 진단에 조영증강 자기공명정맥촬영술을 사용하고, 도플러초음파검사와 비교하여 진단적 가치의 우수성을 나타내고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 도플러초음파검사상 심부정맥혈전이 의심된 30명의 환자에서 가돌리늄 조영증강 MR 하지정맥술을 시행하였다. MR기법은 삼차원 fast image steady-state procession (FISP) 을 사용하였다. 심부정맥혈전의 진단은 조영증강된 혈관내의 신호강도결핍을 보이는 경우로 하였다. 해부학적 혈관의 분포에 따라 혈관들은 각각 절편(segment)에 따라 외장골정맥, 총대퇴정맥, 표재대퇴정맥, 심부대퇴정맥, 슬와정맥, 전경골정맥, 후경골정맥, 비골정맥, 발목정맥으로 분류하였다. 도플러초음파결과와 비교하여 각각에 대한 통계적 유의성검증을 하였다. 결과: 조영증강 자기공영 정맥조영술은 정상적으로 조영증강되는 혈관과 대조되는 신호강도결핍의 심부정맥혈전을 잘 나타내었다. 30명환자의 40예의 하지에서 각각의 절편에 따라 400절편으로 분류하였을때, 심부정맥혈전은 111절편(27.75%)에서 관찰되었고 도플러초음파상에서는 77(19.25%)에서 관찰되었다. 이중 75절편(17.75%)에서 자기공명영상과 도플러초음파 검사에서 모두 혈전을 나타내었다. Mc-Nemar's chi-squere검사상 자기공명정맥조영술이 도플러초음파 검사에 비해 통계적으로 유의성이 있게 우수함을 나타내었다(Table 1. x²=25.13, p=0.001). 심부혈전의 위치는 표재성대퇴정맥이 가장 많았고, 총대퇴정맥, 슬와정맥, 후경정맥의 순이었다. 자기공명정맥조영술은 외장골정맥, 발목정맥을 관찰하는데 도플러초음파보다 우수하였고, McNemar's Chi-squere 검사상 외장골정맥(x²=8.00, p<0.005), 발목정맥(x²=5.00, p<0.05), 후경정맥(x²=4.00, p<0.05)에서 통계적 유의성을 나타내었다(p<0.05) (Table 2). 결론: 조영증강 자기공명정맥술은 하지정맥 심부정맥혈전의 진단에서 도플러초음파검사보다 통계적으로 유의하게 우수하였다. 특히, 혈전의 공반강 침범과 발목정맥 및 심부calf 정맥의 혈전진단은 통계적으로 유의하게 우수하였다.