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양호연,신준한,최종훈,안형준,Yang, Ho-Yeon,Shin, Jun-Han,Choi, Jong-Hoon,Ahn, Hyoung-Joon 대한안면통증구강내과학회 2005 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.30 No.1
As people prefer to use right or left hand, some have preferred chewing side while others do not. Totally, 82 volunteers composed of students and staffs from Dental Hospital College of Dentistry Yonsei University participated in this study for the investigation of influence of preferred chewing habit, that has lasted for more than a year, on electromyographic(EMG) activity of masticatory muscles and bite force. Among the 82 volunteers, 46 had preferred chewing habit while the other 36 did not. Prior to the investigation, those with factors that could affect the study, such as, general disease, irregular dentition and malocclusion, were screened and excluded by questionnaire and clinical examination. The results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in EMG activities between chewing side and non-chewing side of preferred chewing subjects at rest as well as maximal voluntary contraction(MCV)(p>0.05). 2. Asymmetrical coefficient of temporal and masseter muscle EMG activities between preferred chewing subjects and non-preferred chewing subjects at rest was not significantly different(p>0.05). 3. Asymmetrical coefficient of masseter EMG activity was significantly higher(p<0.05) than that of non-preferred chewing subjects at MCV, whereas that of anterior temporal muscle showed no difference(p<0.05). 4. In preferred chewing subjects, there was no significant difference in average bite force and occlusal contact area between chewing side and non-chewing side(p>0.05). 5. There was no significant difference in Asymmetrical coefficients of average bite force and occlusal contact area between preferred chewing subjects and non-preferred chewing subjects (p>0.05). Consequently, preferred chewing habit can be considered as physiological asymmetry with normal function rather than to have influence on EMG muscle activity of masticatory muscles, average bite force and occlusal contact area. Objective standardization to differentiate preferred chewing subjects and non-preferred chewing subjects should be established in the further study.
IRN-150 혼상수지의 이온 흡착특성 및 폐수지로부터 탈착용액을 이용한 $^{14}C$ 핵종의 제거 특성
양호연,원장식,최영구,박근일,김인태,김광욱,송기찬,박환서,Yang, Ho-Yeon,Won, Jang-Sik,Choi, Young-Ku,Park, Geun-Il,Kim, In-Tae,Kim, Kwang-Wook,Song, Kee-Chan,Park, Hwan-Seo 한국방사성폐기물학회 2006 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.4 No.4
Spent ion-exchanged resin generated from various purification systems in CANDU reactor was contaminated with high activity of $^{14}C$ radionuclide. This paper describes the results of fundamental study to develop the applicable technology for the treatment of this spent resin. Based on the adsorption capacity of inactive $HCO_3$ ion and other anions on IRN-150 mixed resin, the removal characteristics of $HCO_3$ ion adsorbed on to IRN-150 by various stripping solutions were evaluated. Maximum adsorption amount of the $HCO_3$ ion onto IRN-150 raw resin was about 11 mg-C/g-resin which agrees with the theoretical adsorption amount of this resin. Adsorption affinity of various anions such as $CS,\;CO,\;Na\;NH_4$ was analyzed in single and multi-component systems. From the results of removal characteristics of the $HCO_3$ ion adsorbed on IRN-150 by various stripping solutions, $NH_4H_2PO_4$ stripping solution is more effective than $NaNO_3,\;Na_3PO_3$ solutions for the complete removal of $^{14}C$ radionuclide from the IRN-150 spent resin.
양호연,김주열,Yang, Ho-Yeon,Kim, Ju-Youl 한국방사성폐기물학회 2007 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.5 No.4
The granulation equipment of concentrated wastes is manufactured for the polymer solidification of concentrated wastes. It uses liquid sodium silicate as a granulating agent for the granulating of dried powder containing boric acid. The granulating agent is sprayed in the form of droplet and mean size of dried granules is $2{\sim}4mm$. The new technology which has been used for the polymer solidification of spent resin in U.S. and certified by Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is successfully applied to concentrated wastes. This uses in-situ solidification process within drum without mechanical mixing. Maximum loading of waste can be achieved without increasing of waste volume. Polymer waste forms were evaluated with several test such as fire test, compressive strength test, leaching test, immersion test, irradiation test, and thermal cycling test according to standard test procedures.
제주·호남권 전통된장과 고추장의 미생물 군집구조의 분석
조성호,박해석,조승화,임은정,양호연,하광수,김은지,양승조,정도연,Cho, Sung Ho,Park, Hae Suk,Jo, Seung Wha,Yim, Eun Jung,Yang, Ho Yeon,Ha, Gwang Su,Kim, Eun Ji,Yang, Seung Jo,Jeong, Do Yeon 한국미생물학회 2017 미생물학회지 Vol.53 No.1
전통방식으로 제조하는 전통 장류인 된장과 고추장은 제조하는 환경과 방법, 미생물 그리고 제조자에 따라 다양한 풍미와 특성을 나타낸다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 전통 된장과 전통 고추장의 미생물 분포도를 제주도(된장 2점, 고추장 2점), 전남권(된장 3점, 고추장 3점), 전북권(된장 7점, 고추장 5점)으로 구분하여 미생물(세균, 진균) 분포의 차이점과 유사점에 대해 차세대 염기서열 분석법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석시료는 종균을 이용하지 않고 자연발효 되었고, 1~5년간 발효 숙성된 제품으로 수집되었다. 전통 된장의 세균 분포도를 보면, 3개 지역에서 공통적으로 우점하는 세균은 B. amyloliquefaciens와 Tetragenococcus halophilus이었으며, Bacillus 속은 전남권(43.16%), 전북권(64.54%)에서 주요한 우점균 이었다. 그러나 제주도의 시료는 Bacillus 속이 0.22%로 내륙과 제주도는 현저한 차이를 보여주었다. 진균 분포도를 보면, Candida versatilis는 3개 지역에서 공통적으로 우점 하였으며, Candida 속은 전남권(64.22%), 전북권(33.68%)이었고, Mucor 속은 전북권(36.73%), 전남권(15.66%)의 주요한 우점종이었다. 그러나 제주도 시료는 곰팡이 보다는 효모인 Candida 속과 Zygosaccharomyces rouxii가 우점균이었다. 전통 고추장의 세균 분포도를 보면, 3개 지역에서 공통적으로 우점하는 세균은 B. subtilis와 B. licheniformis이며, B. amyloliquefaciens는 호남권에서만 우점종 이었다. 전반적으로 고추장에서 Bacillus 속이 우점균이라는 내용과 일치되는 결과를 나타냈다(Jin et al., 2007). 진균 분포도를 보면, 3개 권역의 고추장에서 공통적인 우점종이 없었으며, 제주도와 전남권은 Aspergillus 속과 Rhizopus 속이 우세하였고, 전북권은 Zygosaccharomyces rouxii가 우점종이었다. 이러한 결과는 본 연구를 위해 수집된 표본에서는 전통 된장과 전통 고추장은 지역적인 특징보다는 각 시료의 군집특성에 따라 유사 군이 형성된 것으로 사료되었다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 기반으로 하여 우리나라 전국적으로 표본을 수집하여 분석함으로써 보다 명확한 지역적, 시료 특성별 유사점과 차이점에 대한 미생물의 군집 분포도를 정의할 수 있을 것으로 예상되었다. In order to evaluate the diversity of microbial population of Korean traditional Deonjang and Gochujang produced in Jeju, Jeonnam, and Jeonbuk province area, microbial communities were analyzed using next generation sequencing. In this result, the dominant bacteria of Deonjang in three area were Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Tetragenococcus halophilus, and Bacillus was major dominant bacteria in Jeonnam (43.16%) and Jeonbuk (64.54%) area. But in Jeju area, Bacillus was 0.22%, which was significantly different from the other two. Equally, the dominant fungi of Deonjang in 3 area were Candida versatilis. Common fungus in Jeonnam and Jeonbuk area was Candida sp., respectively, 64.22% and 33.68% and Micor sp. was a common fungus in Jeonnam (15.66%) and Jeonbuk area (36.73%). But in Jeju area, Candida sp. and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii were dominant than mold. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and B. amyloliquenfaciens were the preminant bacteria in the traditional Gochujang in three regions. But there were no common dominant fungi in the 3 regions. Aspergillus sp. and Rhizopus sp. prevailed in Jeju and Jeonnam region, and Zygosaccharomycess rouxii predominanted in Jeonbuk area. These results suggested that the difference in the samples collected for the study were classified into similar groups according to the characteristics of each sample rather than regional characteristics.
반응 표면 분석법을 사용한 Bacillus subtilis NC1 유래 cellulase 생산 배지 최적화
양희종(Hee-Jong Yang),박창수(Chang-Su Park),양호연(Ho-Yeon Yang),정수지(Su-Ji Jeong),정성엽(Seong-Yeop Jeong),정도연(Do-Youn Jeong),강대욱(Dae-Ook Kang),문자영(Ja-Young Moon),최낙식(Nack-Shick Choi) 한국생명과학회 2015 생명과학회지 Vol.25 No.6
이전에 토양으로부터 cellulase와 xylanase 생산 균주로 단리하였다. 단리한 균주 유래의 16S rRNA 유전자 및 API 50 kit를 분석한 결과 Bacillus subtilis와 약 99.5%의 높은 상동성을 보였기에 본 균주를 B. subtilis NC1으로 명명하였다. Bacillus subtilis NC1 균주 유래 cellulase와 xylanase 유전자를 cloning 하여 유전자 배열을 규명하였다. 또한, 두 효소의 아미노산 배열을 이용하여 상동성을 검토한 결과 cellulase는 Glycoside hydrolase family(GH) 5 그리고 xylanase는 GH30에 속하는 효소임을 밝혔다. 본 연구에서는 B. subtilis NC1 의 cellulase 생산을 위한 배지성분의 최적 농도를 결정하기 위해 중심합성계획법(central composite design, CCD)을 기반으로 한 반응표면 분석법(Response Surface Methodology) 을 수행하였다. 세가지 독립변수로는 tryptone, yeast extract, 그리고 NaCl이 조사되었다. 반응값에 대하여 분산분석을 실시한 결과 결정계수(R<SUP>2</SUP>)는 0.96이었으며 전체 모델에 대한 유의확률이 0.0001로 매우 높은 유의성을 지님을 확인하였다. 반응표면분석법을 통하여 얻어진 B. subtilis NC1의 cellulase 활성을 위한 최적화 배지의 각 변수 농도는 tryptone 2.5%, yeast extract 0.5%, 그리고 NaCl 1.0%로 예측 되었다. 최적화 배지에서의 B. subtilis NC1의 cellulase 활성을 검증한 최적화를 실시하기 이전인 대조구의 cellulase 활성 0.5U/ml와 비교하면 24% 활성이 향상된 0.62U/ml의 높은 활성을 보였다. Previously, cellulase and xylanase producing microorganism, Bacillus subtilis NC1, was isolated from soil. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence and API 50 CHL test the strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis, and named as B. subtilis NC1. We cloned and sequenced the genes for cellulase and xylanase. Plus, the deduced amino acid sequences from the genes of cellulase and xylanase were determined and were also identified as glycosyl hydrolases family (GH) 5 and 30, respectively. In this study to optimize the medium parameters for cellulase production by B. subtilis NC1 the RSM (response surface methodology) based on CCD (central composite design) model was performed. Three factors, tryptone, yeast extract, and NaCl, for N or C source were investigated. The cellulase activity was measured with a carboxylmethyl cellulose (CMC) plate and the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) methods. The coefficient of determination (R<SUP>2</SUP>) for the model was 0.960, and the probability value (p=0.0001) of the regression model was highly significant. Based on the RSM, the optimum conditions for cellulase production by B. subtilis NC1 were predicted to be tryptone of 2.5%, yeast extract of 0.5%, and NaCl of 1.0%. Through the model verification, cellulase activity of Bacillus subtilis NC1 increased from 0.5 to 0.62 U/ml (24%) compared to the original medium.