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Black Stem이 팽화주맥 및 제품담배의 품질에 미치는 영향
양진철,김대영,노재성,한정호,정한주,김용하,김용옥,Yang, Jin-Chul,Kim, Dae-Young,No, Jae-Seong,Han, Jung-Ho,Chung, Han-Ju,Kim, Yong-Ha,Kim, Yong-Ok 한국연초학회 2010 한국연초학회지 Vol.32 No.1
This study was carried out to investigate the influence of stem materials such as black stem on the quality of expended stem and cigarettes. Normal and black stem were separated by tobacco scan and then, those stems were expanded after treating with their respective stem casings. Total sugar, ether extract, ash contents and pH were slightly low in black stem compared with normal stem. However, the number of bacteria and fungi ratio were remarkably higher in black stem than that of normal stem. As compared with normal stems, ratio of rushed stem in rolled process was approximately 2 times higher in black stem with the consequency that the filling capacity of black stem was decreased. The ratio of large particles (> 3.35 mm) of expanded black stem showed decreasing tendency and small particles rate (1.40 mm <) was increased compared with normal stem. When expanded stems were prepared using stem containing 5 levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 100 %) of black stem, the filling capacity was decreased and static burning rate was significantly decreased with increasing expanded black stem rate. However, the weight and hardness of cigarettes were slightly increased with increasing expanded black stem rate. The contents of phenol compounds, aromatic amines and carbonyl compounds in the cigarette mainstream smoke from the cigarette which was manufactured with various ratio of expended black stem, were gradually increased with increasing expanded black stem rates. Also, the cytotoxicity and the mutagenicity of the TPM were significantly increased with increasing expanded black stem rate. The sensory test result showed that cigarettes blended with 10 and 30 % level of black stem rate was exhibited significantly high sensory attributions such as off-taste, impact, hotness, bitterness and irritation as compared with cigarette blended with normal stem, while smoke fullness and cleanness were slightly decreased with increasing expanded black stem rates. The number of brown spots on cigarettes paper was 2 to 3 times high in cigarettes containing black stem than that of cigarette made from normal stem and were high with increasing black stem rate. The overall assessment in this study suggest, that black stem should not be used because of bad quality of expanded stem and high toxicological activity of cigarette mainstream smoke.
근권 저온처리가 상추의 질산태 질소 흡수 및 함량에 미치는 영향
양진철,박명수,김충우,정희경,사동민 충북대학교 한국과학재단 지정 첨단원예기술개발 연구센터 2002 연구보고서 Vol.6 No.-
질산태 질소의 일중 농도변화와 단기간의 저온 처리가 질산태 질소의 흡수 및 농도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 상추(Lactuca sativa L.)를 공시 작물로 하여 온실에서 수경재배하였다. 질산태 질소의 농도는 엽신에 비하여 주맥에서 일중 지속적으로 2배이상 높았으며, 질산태 질소의 일중 변화는 1400까지 지속적으로 감소하여 최저치(8.7 mg-N/GDW)를 나타낸 후 다시 증가하였다. 질산태 질소의 일중 흡수량은 1100∼1700에 평균 4.8 mg-N/GDW-Root/Hour로 최대치를 나타내었다. 단기간의 저온 처리는 엽의 질산태 질소의 농도를 14∼18%, 질산태 질소의 흡수량을 50∼55%를 감소시켰다. 이러한 결과는 수확 전 단기간의 저온처리가 상추잎의 질산태 질소함량을 낮출 수 있는 방법으로 응용될 수 있음을 보여준다. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants were grown under hydroponic system to characterize the diurnal change of nitrate concentration and nitrate uptake rate and to examine the effect of short term cold treatment to rhizosphere on nitrate concentration and uptake rate in lettuce plant. The nitrate concentrations in midrib were two times higher than those in leaf. Nitrate concentration in the shoot reached to minimum (8.7 mg-N/GDW) at 1400 and, thereafter, increased continuously until 2300. During 1100∼1700, nitrate uptake by lettuce plant was maximum (4.8 mg-N/GDW-Root/Hour). Short term cold treatment reduced nitrate concentration in the shoot by 14∼18%, and nitrate uptake rate by 50∼55%, respectively. These results showed that short term cold treatment before harvest could be applied for the purpose of reduction of nitrate concentration in the leaf under hydroponic culture.