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양재도,유희철 연세대학교의과대학 2021 Yonsei medical journal Vol.62 No.2
Purpose: This study evaluated the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCC) for thereduction of postoperative infection rate. Materials and Methods: Elective LCC was performed on 529 patients at Jeonbuk National University Hospital between April 2015and August 2017. A total of 509 patients were enrolled based on the inclusion criteria. This prospective study compared the resultsfor antibiotic group (AG) (n=249, cefotetan 1 g, 1 dose/prophylactic) and non-antibiotic group (NAG) (n=260). Results: There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups: AG and NAG (p=0.580, 0.782, and0.325, respectively). Levels of C-reactive protein were higher in NAG compared to AG at postoperative day 2 (16.6±24.2 vs. 24.2±40.6; p=0.033). There were no significant differences in white blood cell counts and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Fever≥38°C on postoperative day 2 occurred in 3 (1.2%) and 9 (3%) patients in AG and NAG, respectively. One patient in each grouphad subhepatic fluid collection by abdominal computed tomography, but there was no evidence of infection. Two patients inNAG (3%) had serous wound drainage on postoperative day 14. Conclusion: Our results showed no significant differences in patients receiving or not receiving prophylactic antibiotics duringLCC. Therefore, it is not necessary to use prophylactic antibiotics during elective LCC in patients who meet the inclusion criteria.
南北韓 精神戰力에 對備한 政治敎育의 比較 : 北韓의 政治敎育과 敎科內容을 中心으로
양재도 평범서당 1995 승공논문집 Vol.2 No.-
安定된 基調에서 發展을 이룩하는 나라를 보면 大體로 政治敎育이 잘 實施되고 있다는 것이다. 自由中國의 경우, 1千 7百萬의 人口로 共産治下 10億人의 本土보다 더 많은 輸出高를 올리고 있을 뿐 아니라 國家安保에도 萬全을 期하고 있다. 西獨과 東獨 사이에서도 西獨의 絶對的優勢를 볼 수 있다. 이는 自由中國과 西獨이 政治敎育으로 自己들의 國力을 伸張시킴과 同時에그것을 잘 保全하기 때문이라고 한다. 自由國家들은 共産國家에 比해서 經濟面에서만 아니라 政治敎育面에서도 優位性을 가지고 있는 것 같다. 反面에 共産國家의 政治思想敎育에는 그 무엇인가 缺陷이 있는 것 같다. 知彼知己면 百戰이 두렵지 않다고 한다. 우선, 北韓의 政治思想 敎育實態를 살펴보고 友邦들의 經驗을 參考로 하여 우리의 政治敎育 實施方案을 생각해 보기로 한다.
Development of the Rectus Abdominis and Its Sheath in the Human Fetus
양재도,조백환,황홍필,김지현,Jose Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez,Shin-ichi Abe,Gen Murakami 연세대학교의과대학 2012 Yonsei medical journal Vol.53 No.5
Purpose: Although the rectus abdominis and its sheath are well known structures, their development in the human fetus is poorly understood. Materials and Methods:We examined rectus abdominis and sheath development in semiserial horizontal sections of 18 fetuses at 5-9 weeks of gestation. Results: Rectus muscle differentiation was found to commence above the umbilicus at 6 weeks and extend inferiorly. Until closure of the anterior chest wall via fusion of the bilateral sternal anlagen (at 7 weeks), the anterior rectal sheath originated from the external oblique and developed towards the medial margin of the rectus abdominis at all levels, including the supracostal part. After formation of the anterior sheath, fascial laminae from the internal oblique and transversus abdominis contributed to formation of the posterior rectus sheath. However, the posterior sheath was absent along the supracostal part of the rectus abdominis, as the transversus muscle fibers reached the sternum or the midline area. Therefore, it appeared that resolution of the physiological umbilical hernia (8-9 weeks) as well as chest wall closure was not required for development of the rectus abdominis and its sheath. Conversely, in the inferior part of the two largest fetal specimens, after resolution of the hernia, the posterior sheath underwent secondary disappearance, possibly due to changes in mechanical stress. Conclusion: Upward extension of the rectus abdominis suddenly stopped at the margin of the inferiorly developing pectoralis major without facing the external intercostalis. The rectus thoracis, if present, might correspond to the pectoralis.
양재도,유희철 대한이식학회 2017 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.31 No.4
Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has become an inevitable procedure due a shortage of deceased donors under the influence of religious and native cultures. The most important concern in LDLT is donor safety. This study reviewed the safety of LDLT donors from reported studies of morbidity and mortality. Many studies have reported mortality and morbidity rates ranging from 0% to 33% for healthy liver donors. Use of laparoscopic surgery on LDLT donors has advantages of reduced blood loss, lower postoperative morbidity and shorter hospital stay relative to conventional open surgery. There is a consensus that remnant liver volume (RLV), degree of steatosis, and donor age are the most important factors influencing donor safety. In LDLT, donor hepatectomy can be performed successfully with minimal and easily controlled complications. However, a large-scale prospective cohort study is needed to better understand the risk factors and accurately determine the complication rates for LDLT.
Is cholecystectomy safe in extremely elderly patients?
양재도 대한내시경복강경외과학회 2021 Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery Vol.24 No.3
Gallstone disease is the most common global indication for abdominal surgery. Especially acute cholecystitis in the elderly is frequently encountered due to an increasingly elderly population. Although cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for acute cholecystitis, the surgical management in the elderly presents specific challenges due to associated comorbidities, the severity of their presenting disease, and a greater likelihood of suffering postoperative complications and prolonged hospital stay. Further effort to provide firm evidence to clarify the safety and feasibility of cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis in extremely elderly patients such as octogenarians and even nonagenarians.