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안준모 중앙대학교 한국교육문제연구소 2010 한국교육문제연구 Vol.28 No.1
Phonemic changes are regarded as barriers (James & Mullen, 1974) in the listening comprehension. As English is a stress-timed language phonemic changes occur in the speech streams despite the rate of delivery. In spite of the comparatively high portion of the Listening Comprehension in the College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT L/C) (34% of the CSAT English test) and the importance of English as an International language for communication, the current educational practice for high schools in Korea focuses more on the delivery of grammar-translation knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary for the learners to be familiar with the phonemic changes to overcome the barriers of listening comprehension. For the participants, the dictation and the translation tests were devised based on the analysis of 3,661 words out of 513 sentences in the CSAT L/C (2008-9) by allocating twenty questions with thirty test items in proportion as the frequency of phonemic change features. The tests were taken by 108 participants of 3rd grade students in ‘K’ high school in Gumi, Gyeongbuk Province to examine how well they recognized phonemic changes related words, phrases and expressions in the speech stream of CSAT L/C (2008-9) according to the their proficiency levels. From the phonemic change features liaison (30.44%) was the most frequent feature in the speech stream. The following orders are contraction (24.69%), schwa (17.48%), deletion (16.87%), flap (9.29%), and palatalization (2.44%). The playing speeds of the audio-recordings were 136.12 wpm (2009) and 139.28 wpm (2008), respectively. The average score of the dictation test (62.44) was lower than that of the translation test (81.84). Participants were good at translating the meaning of the sentences however their recognition on the association of the form-meaning-pronunciation was low in the dictation test. The gap between the two average scores was evidence of inconsistency between reading and listening comprehension. In spite of their good understanding on reading comprehension, participants did not fully recognize the phonemic changes in the dictation test According to the participants’ dictation and translation test results understanding and recognition of phonemic changes in the speech stream played an important role in the listening comprehension. Therefore, strategies-based listening skills and raising learners’ awareness of the phonemic change patterns in association with the form-meaning-pronunciation and collocations should be considered for better listening comprehension.