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폴리페닐렌 옥사이드 막반응기에서 t - Butyl Alcohol 합성
송인규,이화영,김재진 ( In Kyu Song,Wha Young Lee,Jae Jin Kim ) 한국화학공학회 1993 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.31 No.1
The t-butyl alcohol synthesis was carried out in a batch reactor and a polyphenylene oxide membrane reactor using concentrated aqueous 12-tungstophosphoric acid catalyst. The prepared aqueous catalyst solution in a batch reactor showed a good catalytic activity in the isobutene hydration reaction. The membrane reactor showed the better performance than the batch reactor under the same reaction conditions. In addition to this, the recovery of 12-tungstophosphoric acid was possible at the end of the reaction by using the nonporous polypenylene oxide membrane in this membrane reactor.
송인규,이종국,송재천,이화영 ( In Kyu Song,Jong Koog Lee,Jae Cheon Song,Wha Young Lee ) 한국공업화학회 1994 공업화학 Vol.5 No.3
에탄올 전화반응 및 MTBE (methyl t-butyl ether)분해반응을 통하여 헤테로폴리산 촉매가 지니는 표면 및 내부 산점의 역할과 형성에 대하여 살펴 보았다. 12-텅스토인산에서 에탄올 탈수반응을 수행할 경우 디에틸에테르는 표면 산점에서 생성되며 에틸렌은 촉매 내부산점에서 생성된다. 물은 산점을 강화하는 역할을 하지만 유기염기의 경우 내부 산점을 약화시킨다. 금속염의 산점 형성은 결정수의 가수분해 혹은 금속의 부분적 치환에 따른 양성자에 기인하며 The role and the formation of surface and bulk acid sites of heteropoly acids were studied by examining ethanol conversion and MTBE (methyl t-butyl ether) decomposition reaction. In ethanol dehydration diethylether was formed on the surface acid site of 12-tungstophosphoric acid, whereas ethylene was formed in the bulk acid site of the catalyst. It was revealed that water reinforced the bulk acid site of the catalyst, while organic base decreased the bulk acid function of the catalyst. The formation of acid sites of metal salts was due to hydrolysis of crystalline water and/or partial substitution of metal, and with hydrogen treatment, the acid site was reappeared. Also catalyst design as a selective oxidation catalyst was possible by controlling acid function of heteropoly acid catalyst.
고분자와의 블랜딩에 의한 헤테로폴리산의 촉매 특성 제어
송인규,이종국,이화영 ( In Kyu Song,Jong Koog Lee,Wha Young Lee ) 한국공업화학회 1994 공업화학 Vol.5 No.5
Dimethylformamide를 공통용매로 하여 H₃PMo_(12)O_(40)와 polysulfone를 동시에 녹여 분리막 형태의 H₃PMo_(12)O_(40)-polysulfone 필름을 제조하였다. SEM 및 EDX 분석 결과 필름 촉매상에서 H₃PMo_(12)O_(40)는 매우 고른 상태로 잘 분산되어 있음을 확인되었다. ESCA 분석결과에 의하면 Mo의 산화상태에는 변화가 없었다. 에탄올 전환반응에서 H₃PMo_(12)O_(40)-polysulfone 필름 촉매는 H₃PMo_(12)O_(40)보다 낮은 산반응특성과 높은 산화반응 특성을 보였으며, 산화반응의 활성은 약 10배 정도 크게 나타났다. 산 특성의 감소는 H₃PMo_(12)O_(40)의 산점과 강하게 결합된 dimethylformamide에 기인하여, 산화특성의 증가는 촉매의 고른 분산에 기인하였다. 흡착실험 결과 블랜딩 후 H₃PMo_(12)O_(40)의 표면 특성은 크게 증가하였으나 내부 특성은 큰 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 헤테로폴리산을 고분자와 블랜딩시킬 경우 헤테로폴리산이 지니는 산 및 산화 환원 특성의 제어는 물론 촉매의 표면 및 내부 특성 제어가 가능할 것으로 여겨진다. A membrane-like H₃PMo_(12)O_(40)-polysulfone film was prepared by blending H₃PMo_(12)O_(40) with polysulfone using dimethylformamide as a common solvent. SEM and EDX analysis showed that H₃PMo_(12)O_(40) was uniformly and finely distributed in the film catalyst. The ESCA measurement also revealed that the oxidation state of Mo was not changed. The H₃PMo_(12)O_(40)-polysulfone catalyst showed lower activity for acid-catalyzed reaction and higher activity for oxidation reaction than H₃PMo_(12)O_(40) in ethanol conversion reaction. The oxidation activity of the film catalyst was about 10 times higher than H₃PMo_(12)O_(40). The decrease of acidic activity was due to DMF strongly adsorbed in acid sites of H₃PMo_(12)O_(40) whereas the increase of oxidation activity was mainly due to uniform distribution of H₃PMo_(12)O_(40). Adsorption results showed that the surface character of H₃PMo_(12)O_(40) was drastically increased, while the bulk property of that was almost same after blending. It is suggested that the control of surface/bulk property as well as acid/redox property of heteropoly acid would be possible by blending it with a polymer.
Inonotus obliquus 액체배양을 통한 균사체 및 다당체 생산을 위한 최적 배양공정 개발
송인규(In-Kyu Song),최병현(Byung-Hyun Choi),홍억기(Eock-Kee Hong) 한국생물공학회 2018 KSBB Journal Vol.33 No.2
This study was carried out to investigate the optimum liquid culture conditions for the mycelium and the polysaccharide production on liquid culture of Inonotus obliquus. In flask culture, the production of maximum mycelium and polysaccharide were 9.23 g/L and 1.85 g/L, respectively. In bioreactor, with the culture conditions of agitation rate 200 rpm and aeration rate 1 vvm, the production of mycelium and polysaccharide were 14.17 g/L and 2.81 g/L at the 8<SUP>th</SUP> day of cultivation, respectively. And the cultivation was operated with 300 rpm and 1 vvm up to the 4<SUP>th</SUP> day of cultivation, since then, 200 rpm and 1 vvm, resulting in that the production of mycelium was 15.3 g/L at the 9th day and the polysaccharide production was 2.93 g/L at the 6th day of the cultivation. Furthermore, with the same agitation and aeration rates as the above during the cultivation, the addition of glucose being 20g/L of the final concentration was intermittently accomplished in order to increase the mycelium and the polysaccharide production. As a result, the addition of glucose at the 3<SUP>rd</SUP> day of cultivation resulted in that the maximum mycelium and the polysaccharide production were 17.1 g/L and 3.4 g/L at the 7<SUP>th</SUP> day of cultivation, respectively, indicating that the cultivation period was 4 days shorter than the cultivation of 11 days.
아세틴 촉매상에서 글리세롤로부터 디클로로프로판올의 직접 제조
송선호(Sun Ho Song),박동률(Dong Ryul Park),우성율(Sung Yul Woo),송원섭(Won Seob Song),권명숙(Myong Suk Kwon),송인규(In Kyu Song) 한국청정기술학회 2009 청정기술 Vol.15 No.1
아세틴 촉매상에서 글리세롤(바이오디젤 제조과정의 부산물)과 염화수소 가스로부터 무용매 상태로 디클로로프로판올(DCP)을 직접 제조하는 반응을 기상-액상 회분식 반응기에서 수행하였다. 이를 위해 균일계 아세틴 촉매로 아세틴 혼합물(acetin mixture)파 트리아세틴을 사용하였다. 아세틴 촉매의 활성을 동일한 반응 조건(11℃, 3 bar, 3시간)에서 수행된 무촉매 상태에서의 반응성과 비교하였다. 무촉매 반응에 비해 아세틴 촉매를 사용한 반응에서 글리세롤의 전환율은 3% 정도 증가하였으며 디클로로프로판올의 선택도는 50% 가량 증가하였다. 또한 아세틴 혼합물보다는 트리아세틴의 촉매활성이 2% 정도 우수한 것으로 나타났다. Solvent-free direct preparation of dichloropropanol (DCP) from glycerol (by-product of bio-diesel production) and hydrochloric acid gas was carried out over acetin catalyst in a gas-liquid batch reactor. For this purpose, acetin mixture and triacetin were used as a homogeneous acetin catalyst. Performance in the acetin-catalyzed reaction was compared to that in the non-catalytic reaction under the same reaction conditions (110℃ , 3 bar, 3 h). Conversion of glycerol in the acetin-catalyzed reactions was ca. 3% higher than that in the non-catalytic reaction, and selectivity for dichloropropanol in the acetin-catalyzed reactions was ca. 50% higher than that in the non-catalytic reaction. It was also revealed that the catalytic performance of triacetin was ca. 2% higher than that of acetic mixture.