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이동주,백환조,김경만,Lee, Dong-Ju,Baek, Hwan-Jo,Kim, Gyoung-Man 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2011 産業技術硏究 Vol.31 No.2
In this paper, the applicability of cement grout has been studied as an alternative to bentonite grout for backfill ground heat exchangers. To provide an optimal mixture design, the thermal conductivity of cement grout and bentonite grout with various mixture ratios were experimentally evaluated and compared. Numerical analyses using Fluent(FVM program) were applied to compare the thermal transfer efficiency of the cement grout with that of the bentonite grout used in the construction. Also the effective ground thermal conductivity was measured by In-situ thermal response test. The results showed that the thermal efficiency of the cement grout was better than the bentonite grout. Consequently, the cement grout could be an alternative with more thermal efficiency to bentonite grout for ground heat exchangers.
김경만,허원,백환조,Kim, Gyoung-Man,Hur, Won,Baek, Hwan-Jo 대한자원환경지질학회 2008 자원환경지질 Vol.41 No.1
휴폐광지역의 산성광산배수를 처리하기 위한 자연정화처리시설로서 소택지의 설치가 증가하고 있다. 이러한 소택지의 기질물질로서는 흔히 석회석, 참나무조각, 버섯퇴비 등이 벌크형태로 적용된다. 이러한 소택지의 정화효율은 시간이 지남에 따라 점차 저하되며, 특히 산성배수와의 화학반응에 의한 기질물질 층의 투수계수 감소에 주로 기인한 것으로 파악된다. 본 연구의 목적은 산성광산배수 처리시설에서 황산염환원균(SRB) 고정화 담체의 적용성을 평가하기 위한 것이다. 고정화담체는 유기물질인 버섯퇴비와 참나무 퇴비, pH 완충제인 석회석가루 등을 토양미생물을 접종한 m-CSB와 혼합하여 제작하였다. 본 실험에서 고정화담체는 벌크형태에 비하여 pH, 황산염제거율 및 중금속 제거율에서 효율이 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다. The application of constructed subsurface-flow wetlands for treatment of wastewater from abandoned mines is being increased. Crushed limestone, oak chips, and mushroom composites are often employed in a bulk form, as the substrates in the bed media. Efficiency of the subsurface-flow treatment system drops with time as the hydraulic conductivity of the wetland soil decreases significantly, presumably due to chemical reactions with the wastewater. The purpose of this study is to investigate the applicability of immobilized beads carrying sulfate reducing bacteria for acid mine drainage treatment system. The ingredients of immobilized beads are organic materials such as mushroom composite and oak chips, limestone powder for a pH buffer, mixed with a modified Coleville Synthetic Brine. It was found that immobilized beads are more efficient than the bulk form for pH recovery, sulfate and heavy metal removal.
이동주(Lee, Dong-Ju),백환조(Baek, Hwan-Jo),김경만(Kim, Gyoung-Man) 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2011 産業技術硏究 Vol.31 No.1
In this paper, the applicability of cement grout has been studied as an alternative to bentonite grout for backfill ground heat exchangers. To provide an optimal mixture design, the thermal conductivity of cement grout and bentonite grout with various mixture ratios were experimentally evaluated and compared. Numerical analyses using Fluent(FVM program) were applied to compare the thermal transfer efficiency of the cement grout with that of the bentonite grout used in the construction. Also the effective ground thermal conductivity was measured by In-situ thermal response test. The results showed that the thermal efficiency of the cement grout was better than the bentonite grout. Consequently, the cement grout could be an alternative with more thermal efficiency to bentonite grout for ground heat exchangers.
연속체 절리모델을 이용한 불연속성암반 내 지하공동의 변형거동에 관한 수치해석
강상수 ( Sang Soo Kang ),이종길 ( Jong Kil Lee ),백환조 ( Hwan Jo Baek ) 대한지질공학회 2005 지질공학 Vol.15 No.3
일반적으로 현지암반은 강도의 변화가 심한 다양한 불연속면들을 포함하여 불균질하고 불연속성을 나타낸다. 절리, 단층, 균열, 층리와 같은 불연속면들은 암반의 강도와 변형특성을 좌우하는 중요한 요인이다. 결과적으로, 지하공동의 안정성은 무결암의 역학적 특성뿐만 아니라, 공동의 기하학적 형상과 관련하여 불연속면들의 공간적 분포와 역학적 특성에 크게 영향을 받는다. 따라서 지하심부의 응력조건에서의 공동설계를 위해서는 불연속 암반의 거동에 대한 정확한 이해가 필수적이다. 암반역학 분야의 발전에 의하여 등방성 암반에서의 지하공동 설계를 위한 기준이 제시되고 있으나, 불연속성암반의 변형거동은 불명확성이 여전히 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 연속체절리모델을 적용하여 불연속성암반 내의 지하공동 주변의 소성영역의 크기, 응력분포 및 변형거동에 대하여 매개변수의 변화에 따른 영향을 고찰하였다. Mohr-Coulomb 파괴이론에 의한 탄소성 유한차분법을 적용하였으며, 비조합 유동법칙과 완전소성 물질거동을 가정하였다. In situ rock mass is generally heterogeneous and discontinuous, with varying degrees of strength along the planes of weakness. The planes of weakness such as joints, faults, cracks and bedding planes, control the strength and deformation characteristics of the rock mass. Subsequently, the stability of underground opening depends upon the spatial distribution of discontinuities and their mechanical properties in relation with geometrical shape of opening, as well as the mechanical properties of intact rock materials. Understanding the behaviour of a discontinuous rock mass remains a key issue for improving excavation design in highly stressed environments. Although recent advances in rock mechanics have provided guidelines for the design of underground opening in isotropic rock mass, prediction and control of deformation in discontinuous rock masses are still unclear. In this study, parametric study was performed to investigate the plastic zone size, stress distribution and deformation behavior around underground opening in a discontinuous rock mass using a continuum joint model. The solutions were obtained by an elasto-plastic finite difference analysis, employing the Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria. Non-associated flow rule and perfectly plastic material behavior are also assumed.