『삼성기』 저자 안함로에 관한 고찰

노종상(Roh Jong Sang) 세계환단학회 2015 세계환단학회지 Vol.2 No.1

이 논문은 우리 상고사를 기록한 「삼성기三聖記」의 저자 안함로安含老에 대한 연구이다. 「삼성기」는 1911년 만주 관전현寬甸縣에서 독립운동가 계연수桂延壽에 의해 간행된 『환단고기』를 통해 처음 모습을 드러냈다. 다섯 편의 사서로 이루어져 있는 『환단고기』의 첫 권이 「삼성기전」이다. 「삼성기전」은 상, 하편으로 구성되어 있다. 안함로는 「삼성기」 상권의 저자이다. 본고의 연구목적은 안함로가 누구인지를 밝히는 것이다. 안함로는 「삼성기」저자로서 그 모습을 드러낸 이후 일부의 주장에 의해 의혹의 대상이 되어왔다. 따라서 본 연구는 일차적으로 안함로에 대한 의혹을 해명하는 작업으로 이루어졌다. 본고가 연구목적을 위해 주목하는 것은 『삼국유사』 고조선 조에 인용되고 있는 『고기』이다. 여기에는 몇 가지 이유가 있다. 하나는 기존 사학계에서 우리 상고사를 논의할 때 가장 먼저, 그리고 반드시 언급되는 것이 바로 이 기록이기 때문이다. 다른 하나는 『고기』와 「삼성기」가 우리 상고사를 기록한 사서라는 공통점이 있기 때문이다. 마지막으로 『고기』가 「삼성기」 저자 안함로 문제를 풀어낼 수 있는 실마리가 될 수 있다고 믿기 때문이다. 본고는 기존 사학계의 연구 성과는 물론 각종 문헌자료를 통해 다양한 고증을 시도하였다. 논의 결과 『고기』가 『삼한고기』 혹은 『해동고기』의 약칭으로서 동일서책임을 확인하였다. 그리고 『삼한고기』의 저자가 신라의 고승 안홍安弘(→안함安含)이라는 문헌자료를 검증하였다. 마지막으로 「삼성기」가 『고기』의 내용과 일치한다는 내용을 논의하였다. 따라서 본고는 「삼성기」의 저자 안함로가 바로 안함(→안홍)이라는 결론을 내릴 수 있었다. This article is a study on AhnHamlo, the author of SamSeonggi. Samseonggi is a Book about our ancient history. Samseonggi is a Book in Hwandangogi that was published by Yeonsoo Gye, in Gwanjeonhyeon, Manjoo in 1911. The first volume of Hwandangogi was Samseonggijeon. That was composed of Book 1 and 2. AhnHamlo was the author of Book 1. This study’s purpose was to determine who AhnHamlo was. After he wrote Samseonggi, he became the object of suspicion by claim of others. Therefore, first of all, this study had to explain his identity. For the purpose of this study, I payed attention in Gogi that had been quoted in GoJoseon, Samgukyousa. There were some reasons. First, that was the article which must be referenced when we discussed our ancient history. Second, Gogi and Samseonggi had common because they were books about our ancient history. Finally, Goggi was believed to become a clue that could solve the problem about AhnHamlo. This study tried to ascertain historical truths by searching historical studies and literature materials. As a result, Gogi was considered to be equal to Samgangogi or haedonggogi. And the author of Samhangogi was thought to be Anhhong(→Anham), the high priest of Buddhism, in Silla. Lastly, Samseonggi and Gogi had similar content. Therefore, this study drew a conclusion that AhnHamlo, the author of Samseonggi was Anham(Ahnhong).

복애伏崖 범장范樟 연구

노종상(Roh, Jong-sang) 세계환단학회 2016 세계환단학회지 Vol.3 No.2

이 논문은 복애 伏崖 범장 范樟 (? ~ ?)과 그의 저서 『북부여기』에 대한 연구이다. 범장은 여말선초의 학자이다. 그가 남긴 저서는『화해사전 華海師全 』, 『화동인문 총기 話東人物總記 』, 『북부여기 北夫餘紀 』, 『천부경주해 天符經註解 』 등이 있다. 그가 활동 했던 시대는 고려가 막을 내리고 조선이 개국한 격변기였다. 범장은 태생적으로 성리학자였다. 금성범씨는 범장의 증조부 범승조가 시조다. 그는 남송 성리학자다. 그는 성리학 도입에 직접적인 공을 세운 장본인이다. 범장의 부친 후춘은 우리나라 최초의 성리학자로 알려진 안향의 문인이다. 범장은 포은 정몽주의 제자다. 범장이 과거에 합격하여 관료생활을 시작한 것은 공민왕 대였다. 그는 덕녕부윤 德寧府尹 ·간의대부 諫議大夫 등의 관직을 지냈다. 그의 관료생활은 순탄하지 않았다. 한 개인의 자아는 세계 앞에 무력할 수밖에 없었다. 일부 신진사대부 세력을 끌어들인 이성계 일파에 의해 쿠데타가 일어났다. 5백년 사직의 고려왕조는 무너졌고 조선이 건국했다. 범장은 조선 개국을 반대했다. 그는 고려조에 충절을 지킨‘두문동 杜門洞 72현’ 중의 한 사람이다. 그는 강원도 원주에서 살고 있는 ‘은일의 인사’ 원천석을 만났다. 동지 20여 명과 함께 매년 봄가을로 치악산 정상에서 단군을 위시한 열성조에게 제사를 지냈다. 그리고 동지들과 함께 당대의 역사를 기록하기로 뜻을 모았다. 그 결과물이 바로 범장의 두권 저서 『화해사전』과 『화동인물총기』다. 우리는 사상적인 면에서 범장의 세 가지 내면풍경을 주목하였다. 성리학자 풍경·우리 고유의 전통 신앙인 신교적 풍경 그리고 사학자 풍경이 그것이다. 이 중에서 우리가 집중적으로 논의한 것은 그의 ‘사학자 풍경’이다. 텍스트는 『화해사전』·『화동인 물총기』 그리고 『북부여기』이다. 범장이 편찬한 것으로 알려진 『천부경 주해』는 현재 전하지 않는다. 범장은 공자의 ‘춘추필법’을 역사철학으로 삼았다. 이 역사철학을 가지고 그는 상고사서 『북부여기』를 기록했다. 『북부여기』는 우리 역사에서 잃어버린 부여의 역사를 기록한 기념비적인 저술이다. This study is about Beom Jang (honorific name: Bokae) and his work, the Bukbuyeogi. Beom Jang was a scholar during the late Goryeo Dynasty and the early Joseon Dynasty. His works include the Hwahaesajeon, the Hwadonginmulchonggi, the Bukbuyeogi and the Cheonbugyeongjuhae. Beom Jang was a Confucian scholar to the bone. Beom Seung-jo, Beom Jang’s grandfather, was the progenitor of the Beom family based in Geumseong. A scholar influenced by the Confucian philosophy of the Southern Song Dynasty, he was the very person who played a critical role in introducing Neo-Confucianism to Korea. Huchun, Beom Jang‘s father was a writer also known as the first Confucian scholar. Beom Jang was a disciple of Jeong Mong-ju (honorific name: Poeun), a famous Confucian scholar and loyalist in late Goryeo Dynasty. Having started his career as a government offical at the time of King Gongmin (r. 1351-1374). Beom Jang served in various high-ranking government posts as including Deoknyeongbuyoun and Ganuidaebu. But his life as a government official did not go smoothly. Yi Seong-gye, supported by the newly rising nobility, seized power in a military coup. Eventually, the Goryeo Dynasty collapsed after lasting almost 500 years, and the Joseon Dynasty followed. Beom Jang opposed founding of the Joseon Dynasty. He was one of the 72 loyalists of the Goryeo Dynasty who led a life of seclusion in Dumun-dong village. Beom Jang met Won Cheon-seok living in Wonju, Gangwon-do Province. He and his like-minded people performed ancestral rites at the top of Mt. Chiak every spring and fall to commemorate Dangun. And they resolved to create a historical work with one accord, which resulted in Beom Jang’s two books, the Hwahaesajeon and the Hwadonginmulchonggi. This study focuses on three aspects of Beom Jang’s life s : a confucian scholar, Korean traditional religion and a historian. The sources of the study are Beom Jang’s books-the Hwahaesajeon, the Hwadonginmulchonggi and the Bukbuyeogi. The Cheonbugyeongjuhae, a work known to have been compiled by Beom Jang, is no longer in existence. When it comes to writing historical works, Beom Jang followed Confucius’ way of describing history (writing tersely and objectively, ruling out personal feelings and interests just as he compiled the Spring and Autumn Annals) The Bukbuyeogi, a product of such a scholarly attitude, is a monumental book recording the history of Buyeo, the missing link in Korean ancient history.

4,3사건의 문학적 형상화와 "심적 거리(psychic distance)" -현기영의 <순이 삼촌>과 김석범의 <까마귀의 죽음>을 중심으로

노종상 ( Jong Sang Roh ) 충남대학교 인문과학연구소 2010 인문학연구 Vol.37 No.1

손창섭 소설 「낙서족」의 사상의학적 구조

노종상 ( Jong Sang Roh ) 한국비교문학회 2004 比較文學 Vol.33 No.-

진표율사의 밀교수행 연구(Ⅰ)

노종상(Roh, Jong-sang) 원광대학교 인문학연구소 2014 열린정신 인문학연구 Vol.15 No.1

This paper is about esoteric buddhism of Jinpyo. Jinpyo is the high priest of Buddhism in Silla Dynasty. Sungje, the teacher of Jinpyo, studied in Dang of China. At that time he took over the five Buddhist commandments from Munsubosal in Mt. Odae in China. Munsubosal is deeply related to esoteric buddhism. Sungjae gave jinpyo Gongyangchajebub. He also gave him Jeomchalakbokyeong but in this paper, it is left that out of the discussion. He told Jinpyo that he had to confess his sin to Jijang and Miruk, take their commandments, and spread them in the world. Gongyangchajebub is the Bible in Daeilkyeong, which is the central thought of esoteric of midst age. So Gongyangchajebub is the basic bible of esoteric buddhism. Jinpyo left from Geumsansa temple after he had been taught from Sungjae. After that, he went to Busauiam in Byeonsan, Jeonbuk. He practiced asceticism in this place. He followed Gongyangchajebub, even when his everyday life, from eating to practicing. He did esoteric buddhism. Consequently, Jinpyo himself could see Jijang, Miruk. This was not common in history. Then, he went to the world with their thoughts, and educated people.

나쓰메 소세키(夏目漱石)의 『산시로(三四郞)』에 나타난 등장인물들의 "체질" 연구

노종상 ( Jong Sang Roh ) 충남대학교 인문과학연구소 2011 인문학연구 Vol.38 No.4

이 연구는 두 가지 목적을 갖고 있다. 하나는 우리 고유의 정신의학이자 임상의학인 사상의학을 도입하여 문학이론으로 입안하려는 연구이다. 다른 하나는 일본의 ``국민작가`` 나쓰메 소세키(夏目漱石)의 소설 『산시로(三四郞)』에 대한 연구이다. 먼저 나쓰메 소세키의 소설 『산시로』의 주요 작중인물들에 대한 사상체질을 분석하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 산시로는 가을형, 미네코는 가을형 체질성격을 보이는 봄형, 노노미야는 겨울형 인물이다. 이 작품의 작중인물들의 성격이 다양하다는 점을 확인할 수 있다. 이와 같은 결과는 이 작품이 장편소설에 잘 어울린다는 증거가 될 수 있다. 다음은 작중인물의 체질성격이 서사에 미치는 영향을 논의하였다. 논의 결과는 다음과 같다. 가을형 인물 산시로와 봄형 미네코의 경우는 정반대되는 체질로서 상호보완적으로 조화를 이룰 수 있는 인물설정이다. 그러나 소심한 성격인 산시로는 마음에 두고 있는 미네코를 얻기 위해 아무런 행동에 나서지 않는다. 그는 자기의 체질에 갇혀 있을 뿐이었다. 노노미야의 경우도 마찬가지였다. 미네코를 마음에 두고 있었으나 관계를 개선시키기 위한 행동을 하지 않았다. 반대로 봄형 인물인 미네코의 경우, 자기 체질의 장점을 최대한 살린 인물로 평가된다. 미네코는 자기 체질의 약점을 보완할 수 있는 상대체질을 찾아 꾸준히 ``체질여행``을 시도하였다. 미네코는 산시로와 노노미야가 아닌 ``금테 안경을 끼고, 훌륭한 사람``인 제3의 남자와 결혼을 하게 되는 것도 부단한 체질여행의 결과라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 작중인물의 체질은 소설의 사건, 나아가서 서사에 깊은 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. This study has two purposes. One is to draw up the literature theory by using the Sasang Constitutional Medicine which is both the Korea``s traditional psychiatry and the clinical medicine. The other is studying about Sansiro by Natsume Soseki, one of the most famous writers in Japan. In this paper, I introduced the Sasang Constitutional Medicine briefly for the discussion it in depth. The inventor is Lee, Jae-Ma(1837-1900). He explained the features of the difference of the constitutions, So-yangin, So-eumin, Tae-yangin, and Tae-eumin by his four standard units. In the end, He founded the Sasang Constitutional Medicine. The literary criticism is the advice of the specialists to make readers understand writers` novels. So, I turn those terms, So-yangin, So-eumin, Tae-yangin, and Tae-eumin into spring-type, summer-type, fall-type, and winter-type. In the Sasang Constitution Analyze, the feature, the heart, and the illness are the important indicators. It is not enough to examine by using just one indicator. We have to use this three indicators synthetically. If we have to choose only one thing, it is the better way to research the heart. In this way, I analyzed about the Sasang Constitution of the characters in Sansiro. Sansiro is the fall-type constitution(or character)(So-eumin), Mineko is the spring-type constitution(So-yangin), having the fall-type constitution, and Nonomiya is the winter-type constitution(Tae-eumin). We can find that these characters have very various. That means this story can be matched with full-length novel. The second thing is the studying about the influence on the description by the constitution of the characters. Sansiro, the fall-type constitution, and Mineko, the spring-type constitution, have different characters, and that can make the harmony complementarily. However, Sansiro, the a timid person, couldn`t act at all for making Mineko belong to him. He just was locked in his own constitution. Nonomiya was the same. He liked Mineko but didn`t do anything. On the contrary Mineko, the spring-type constitution, is evaluated the personbouo showed the strength of , thconstitution. She ttiod to go ``the constitution trip`` for finding someone ouo made up for the weak points. It is the result of the constitution trip that the marriage ``the third man who wore the gold glasses and was a good person``, neither Sansiro nor Nonomiya. Therefore, the constitution of the characters in the novel can have an effect on the events and the description in the work.

최인훈 「광장」의 사상의학적 구조

노종상 한국비교문학회 2003 比較文學 Vol.30 No.-

This paper aims to investigate the characteristic structure and the narrative structure of In-Hoon Choi's Novel, The Square, published in 1960. facing the age of post-colonialism and multiculturalism, this paper reflects the recent trend of literary and critical theories of the International Comparative of a Korean traditional medicine, i.e. of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, as a way to reflect and overcome the Western perspective which views Korean literature in the light of Western theories This is also an attempt to establish the foundation of Korean literature in order to find its place in the area of world literature. At the end of the 19th century, Je0Ma Lee李濟馬 (Dongmoo東武, 1837-1900)completed Sasang Constitutional philosophy in his Gyeokchigo格致藁 and, also, Sasang Constitutional Medicine on the basis of it in the Dongeuisuseboweon東醫壽世保元. He offers the four types the four types (called Sasang 四象)of diagnosing human bodily qualities體質,i.e. the theory of Sasimsinmul事心身物:a) sa事: the innate talent of human affairs, b) Sim心: a constant mind, a temperament, and a desire, c) 身: the shape of body, appearance, and the symptom of a disease, and d) Mul物:the physical environment. These are used as the main frame of analyzing the natures of characters. The paper is composed of two main parts: the first analyzes the natures of characters and second part examines the narrative structure on the basis of the analysis of Sasang. On the analysis of human bodily qualities, it appears that the quality of the major character, Myeong-Joon, is Soyangin少陽人, whereas the qualities of the miner characters, Yoon-Ae and Eun-Hey, were respectively Taeeumin太陽人 and Soeumin少陰人. Myeong-joon's bodily quality of Sayangin is disharmonious with the bodily qualities of Yoon-Ae and Eun-Hye. And, also, the same conclusion derives from the analysis of the narrative structure of the novel. The two women are lovers of Myeong-Joon. However, he chooses not Yoon-Ae, but Eun-hye. This is due to the sturucture of bodily qualities. According to this structure, what is important for Myeong-Joon is carnal pleasures, whereas Yoon-Ae has the bodily quality of Mul物 and Eun-Hye has that Sin身. The bodily quality of Myeong-Joon which is fundamentally disharmonious with that of Yoon-Ae exhibits a harmonious relationship with Yoon-Ae at the beginning, and remains so to the end. On the contrary, although Myeong-Joon and Eun-Hye are disharmonious with each other, they make up for it and became harmonious in the end. The square that Myeong-Joon, a man in a closet, searches for cannot be found neither in south Korea nor in North Korea and he cannot be harmonious with Yoon-Ae. Under such a circumstance, Myeong-Joon Comes back to the closet and meets Eun-Hye when he suffers from despair. When myeong-Joon who has the bodily quality of acting outside has to come back to the 'closet' and when he eventually finds 'the square', the square becomes 'an idol' to him. The reason that he cannot live peacefully in the square of Yoon-Ae who has the bodily quality of Mul物, but in the square of Eun-Hye who has the bodily quality of Sin身 is because of the nature of his bodily quality. Eun-Hye is a square to stay in, and the last idol, for Myeong-Joon. We thus conclude that the bodily quality is closely related to the characteristic structure and the narrative structure of the novel.