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나준석,신우설,곽봉춘,홍성관,권오경 대한전자공학회 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.1
A CMOS-based temperature sensor is proposed for low-voltage and low-power on-chip thermal monitoring applications. The proposed temperature sensor converts a proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) current to a PTAT frequency using an integrator and hysteresis comparator. In addition, it operates in the subthreshold region, allowing reduced power consumption. The proposed temperature sensor was fabricated in a standard 90 nm CMOS technology. Measurement results of the proposed temperature sensor show a temperature error of between −0.81 and +0.94°C in the temperature range of 0 to 70°C after one-point calibration at 30°C, with a temperature coefficient of 218 Hz/°C. Moreover, the measured energy of the proposed temperature sensor is 36 pJ per conversion, the lowest compared to prior works.
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중합광원과 레진 색상이 복합레진의 중합깊이에 미치는 영향
나준석,오원만,황인남 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2002 구강과학 Vol.14 No.3
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the depth of cure using various curing light sources. XL 3000 for halogen light, Apollo 95E for plasma arc light and Easy cure for LED light source were used in this study. To measure the depth of cure, B1 and A3 shade of Composites (Esthet·X, Dentsply, U.S.A.) were used. The 1,2 and 3mm thick specimens were fabricated according to various curing times and light sources. Victor's hardness test was performed after 24hours storage in distilled water. The results were as follows : 1. In all light sources, as the curing times increased the hardness values were decreased(p<0.05). 2. In halogen curing groups, the Victor's hardness was decreased as the depth increase except between 1mm and 2mm. 3. In halogen-10 and 20second curing groups. the Victor's hardness of A3 shade were lower than Bl shade, but not in 40second-curing group. 4. There were significant differences in Victor's hardness between two shades in 2,3mm of Plasma arc and LED light source curing groups(p<0.05). but not in 1mm. 5. In Bl shade, mean 2mm bottom surface hardness value of halogen-40second curing group was 61.46 and it was lower than plasma arc-10second and LED-40second curing group, in A3 shade, 2mm bottom surface hardness value of halogen-40second curing group was 59.70 and it was lower than LED-40second curing group.
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중합광원과 레진 색상이 복합레진의 중합깊이에 미치는 영향
나준석,정선와,황윤찬,김선호,윤창,오원만,황인남 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.6
Purpose of this research is estimating polymerization depth of different source of light. XL 3000 for halogen light, Apollo 95E for plasma arc light and Easy cure for LED light source were used in this study. Different shade (B1 & A3) resin composites (Esthet-X, Dentsply, U.S.A.) were used to measure depth of cure. 1, 2, and 3 mm thick samples were light cured for three seconds, six seconds or 10 seconds with Apollo 95E and they were light cured with XL-3000 and Easy cure for 10 seconds, 20 seconds, or 40 seconds. Vicker's hardness test carried out after store samples for 24 hours in distilled water. Results were as following. 1. Curing time increases from all source of lights. curing depth increased(p<0.05). 2. Depth (that except 1mm group and 2mm group which lighten to halogen source of light) deepens in all groups, Vicker's hardness decreased(p<0.05). 3. Vicker's hardness of A3 shade composite was lower in all depths more than B1 shade composites in group that do polymerization for 10 seconds and 20 seconds using halogen source of light(p<0.05), but group that do polymerization for 40 seconds did not show difference(p>0.05). 4. Groups that do polymerization using Plasma arc and LED source of light did not show Vicker's hardness difference according to color at surface and 1mm depth(p>0.05), but showed difference according to color at 2mm and 3mm depth(p<0.05). The results showed that Apollo 95E need more polymerization times than manufacturer's recommendation (3 seconds), and Easy cure need polymerization time of XL-3000 at least.
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경기육괴 북서부 영흥도-선재도-대부도에 분포하는 변성퇴적암 내 쇄설성 저어콘의 SHRIMP U-Pb 연대
나준석(Junseok Na),김윤섭(Yoonsup Kim),조문섭(Moonsup Cho),이기욱(Keewook Yi) 한국암석학회 2012 암석학회지 Vol.21 No.1
경기육괴의 북서부에 위치한 영흥도-선재도-대부도는 지구조적 중요성에도 불구하고 지질 및 지질연대 자료가 거의 없는 지역이다. 우리는 이 지역에 산출하는 변성퇴적암의 암상과 쇄설성 저어콘의 U-Pb 연대를 밝히는 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 지역의 변성퇴적암은 대부분 규암-변성사암 및 규암과 편암의 호층대로 이루어져 있으며, 규암 역을 포함하는 석회질 역질 사암, 석회질 편암 그리고 변성이질암이 소규모로 산출한다. 변성이질암에는 석류석 반상변정이 두드러지게 산출하며, 변성이질암 내의 석영맥에서는 남정석 또는 홍주석이 백운모와 함께 산출한다. 두개의 변성사암 시료에서 분석한 쇄설성 저어콘들은 신시생대(~2.5 Ga), 고원생대(~2.0-1.5 Ga), 신원생대(~1.1-0.7 Ga), 초기 고생대(~560-400Ma) 연대가 우세하게 분포하며, 가장 젊은 연령의 군집은 ~420 Ma에서 나타난다. 이러한 결과는 분석된 변성사암이 실루리아기 이후, 아마도 데본기에 퇴적되었음을 시사하며, 태안층에서 보고된 쇄설성 저어콘의 연령분포와 유사하다. 이와 함께 임진강대 변성퇴적암에서도 유사한 쇄설성 저어콘의 연령분포와 바로비안형 변성상이 보고되었다. 따라서, 경기육괴 서부에 산출하는 태안층은 임진강대의 서남 연장부에 해당될 것으로 판단된다. We investigated the various lithologies and zircon U-Pb ages of metasedimentary rocks from the Yeongheung-Seonjae-Daebu Islands, western Gyeonggi Massif, whose geologic and geochronologic features are poorly constrained in spite of their significance for tectonic interpretation. Major lithology consists of quartzites or meta-sandstones commonly alternating with semi-pelitic schists, together with lesser amounts of calcareous sandstones with matrix-supported quartzite clasts, calcareous schists, and pelitic schists. Pelitic schists uncommonly contain large porphyroblasts of garnet as well as quartz veins with large crystals of muscovite and andalusite or kyanite. SHRIMP U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from two analyzed metasandstones define four age populations: Neoarchean (~2.5 Ga), Paleoproterozoic (~2.0-1.5 Ga), Neoproterozoic (~1.1-0.7 Ga), and Early Paleozoic (~560-400 Ma). The youngest zircon ages are clustered at ~420 Ma. These results suggest that the deposition of meta-sandstones took place after the Silurian, possibly during the Devonian, and are analogous to those of the Taean Formation reported from the western part of the Gyeonggi Massif. Moreover, The age distribution patterns of detrital zircons and the Barrovian-type metamorphic facies of pelitic schists are similar to those reported from the Imjingang belt, suggesting that the Taean Formation likely corresponds to southwestward extension of the Imjingang Belt.
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