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김윤배 동방문화대학원대학교 문화예술콘텐츠연구소 2017 문화와예술연구 Vol.10 No.-
This study is a semiotic investigation work for Korean calligraphy, which carried on the legacy of traditional calligraphy focusing on Chinese character. Korean calligraphy has succeeded and developed the calligraphy system of Chinese character which has been practicing vitality based on line and stroke. In digital age which focuses on the Fourth Industrial Revolution and AI, the future generation faces the challenge to overcome the traditional calligraphy dependent on tool of brush. It does not mean to take advantage of specific ideology of "Thing with the most Korean feature can also succeed in the global market". Overcoming traditional calligraphy means to abandon prejudices about specific cultures such as Western and Oriental, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean and to find methodological possibilities on globalization of the superiority within Korean calligraphy while selecting identify of every letter. Among the debaters, one may wonder on reasons for finding methodological possibility in semiotics. Semiotics differentiates background, region, era,and nationality for typical icono-text integrated with text characters and images and analyzes and identifies the symbolism and stylistic characteristic. It is also a methodological tool for academical establishment. In order to suggest the direction for contemporary calligraphy which integrates image and text and forms the third system unlike text-based linguistics research and image-based iconography, the semiotic investigation can be the alternative to calligraphy research as tradition succession and modernization. Western semiotician such as Derrida, Roland Barthes and Peirce explained the relation between text and image, origin and development of text, symbolization process of shape in the perspective of Grammatologie(graphonomy) and perspective of diagram(text drawing) In graphonomy, the drawing is abstracted from the initial drawing, same as the Chinese character and the drawing focuses on image abstraction during the hieroglyphic process. On the other hand, text drawing starts from abstract text, same as Korean alphabet and the and text drawing focuses on text abstraction which gradually changes text to image. These are the significant distinction between traditional calligraphy and Korean calligraphy and they will be explained in detail later on. This study reconsiders the Saussure, a semiotician, thoughts saying "It is only meaningful within difference and through difference" which demonstrates formative semiotics Formative semiotics is suggested by Jean-Marie Floch, French art history scholar, and it focuses on formality rather than the essence of visual expression. It focuses on formative elements such as arrangement of shape, coor and topography. (especially semiotic square)perspective pursued by western semiotics. Through such reconsideration, the study aims to suggest differences in western typography and calligraphy and oriental traditional calligraphy and text drawing. 한글서예의 국제화를 위해서는 그 동안 한자 중심의 전통세예를 탈피한 디지털시대 맞는 방법론을 찾아보는 것이 중요하다. 가장 한국적인 것이 가장 세계적이다 라는 말과 같이 서양 동양 중국 일본 한국 등 특정문화에 대한 편견을 버리고 문자의 독자성을 찾아서 거기에 맞는 방법론을 찾는 것이 중요하다. 논자는 그 방법론 중에서 문자텍스트와 이미지가 융합된 전형적인 도상텍스트를 중심으로 연구를 하고자 한다. 한글은 타 글자와는 다른 추상문자에서 출발하여 점차 이미지로 변환되어가는 문자 추상이 중심이 되므로 기호학 관점을 빌어 연구할 만한 충분한 가치가 있다.
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Alnico 8 型 硬質磁性材料의 磁氣的 性質에 미치는 添加元素의 影響
徐圓根,金澤基,金潤培 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1986 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.1 No.1
In order to study the alloying elements effects on the magnetic properties in Alnico 8 (Fe-35Co-14Ni-7Al-5Ti-3Cu) permanent magnet alloy, some Alnico 8-type alloys which are different in composition of Ni, Cu, Ti and Al were prepared by induction melting. They were thermomagnetically treated at 740℃ - 840℃ for 3-15 min and then aged at 600℃ for 15hours. The magnetic properties and the optimum thermomagnetic treatment condition were investigated. The results were as follows ; 1) The region of the high temperature α phase, the zone of the solution treatment, is extended by Al and Ti, but that is reduced by Ni and Cu. 2) In the composition range of 10-14 wt.% of Ni, the coercive force decreases greatly with decreasing the Ni content with little change of the residual magnetization and the squareness of demagnetization curve. The optimum thermomagnetic treatment condition appeared at high temperature and short time with decreasing the Ni content. 3) In the composition range of 1-3wt.% of Cu, the coercive force decreases greatly with decreasing the Cu content, but the residual magnetization shows increasing tendency with decreasing the Cu content. The optimum thermomagnetic treatment condition appeared at low temperature and long time with decreasing the Cu content. 4) In the composition range of 5-8wt.% of Ti, the coercive force increases with increasing the Ti content, but the residual magnetization decreases with increasing Ti content. The optimum thermomagnetic treatment temperature was not dependent on the Ti content, but the optimum thermomagnetic treatment time appeared at long time with increasing the Ti content.
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속산 시뮬레이션을 위한 적응형 비모수 중요 샘플링 기법
김윤배 한국시뮬레이션학회 1999 한국시뮬레이션학회 논문지 Vol.8 No.3
Simulating rare events, such as probability of cell loss in ATM networks, machine failure in highly reliable systems, requires huge simulation efforts due to the low chance of occurrence. Importance Sampling (IS) has been applied to accelerate the occurrence of rare events. However, it has a drawback of effective biasing scheme to make the estimator of IS unbiased. Adaptive Importance Sampling (AIS) employs an estimated sampling distribution of IS to the system of interest during the course of simulation. We propose Nonparametric Adaptive Importance Sampling (NAIS) technique which is nonparametrical version of AIS. We test NAIS to estimate a probability of rare event in M/M/1 queueing model. Comparing with classical Monte Carlo simulation, the computational efficiency and variance reductions gained via NAIS are substantial. A possible extension of NAIS regarding with random number generation is also discussed.
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