안내관류액내 저분자 dextran이 망막에 미치는 영향

김시열 최신의학사 1985 最新醫學 Vol.28 No.8

Lithium이 인체의 세포성 면역기능에 미치는 영향

김시열,강병조 대한신경정신의학회 1994 신경정신의학 Vol.33 No.2

This study was conducted to analyse effects of lithium on human cellular immune function, with 8 patients (male : 5 persons, female * 3 persons and average age * 33) who were taken to the Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital while beling suitable for the bipolar disorder’s criteria of DSM-HI-R and RDC. Then, no medicine was administrated to these 8 patients prior two months to administration of lithium. This study was carried out by testing and comparing the function of human immune function (test of lymphocyte( % ), monocyte(%), granulocyte(% ), cell( % ) count by Flow cytometer), before administrating lithium and at 60 days after its administration. The result of human immune function indicated that there are statistically remarkable increase in T lymphocyte and helper cells and decrease in natural-killer cell (P〈.05), while there is no statistically any significant change in lymphochte, monocyte, granulocyte, B lymphocyte, suppressor cells and T4/ T8 ratio.

대중문화예술제작물스태프의 작업 안전과 표준계약에 관한 소고

김시열,이경호 한국콘텐츠학회 2019 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.19 No.10

A series of recent events have laid the groundwork for discussions on the safety issues regarding production staff in the popular culture industry. In Korea, the standard contract has been pursued as a means of dealing with issues involving popular culture production staff. However, the existing standard contract failed to incorporate the characteristics and requirements in today’s market, which greatly restricted its efficacy in real-world cases. Therefore, this study seeks to significantly improve the provisions in the standard contract that govern obligations between contractual parties, and the work safety of the production staff. To this end, considering the main causes of safety accidents and actual contracts, this study groups contractual provisions into several categories: the removal of adverse factors affecting optimal competency, factors causing individual staff’s negligence, and external factors causing negligence. Then, this study proposes specific provisions to be included in each category. 최근 일련의 사건은 대중문화예술 산업에 종사하는 스태프에 대한 부실한 작업 안전 문제에 대해 다시 논의할 수 있는 계기가 되었다. 우리나라에서는 그동안 대중문화예술제작물스태프의 문제에 대해 표준계약서를 통한 해결을 주된 정책의 한 방법으로 추진하고 있었다. 그럼에도 불구하고 기존의 표준계약서가 스태프의 작업 안전 문제에 대해서 시장의 특성 및 요구 등을 적절히 반영하지 못하고 있다 보니 마련된 표준계약서를 현실에서 활용하고자 하더라도 실질적인 효과를 얻는데 큰 한계가 발생한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 표준계약을 통한 계약당사자 간 의무 규율 사항을 개선함으로써 스태프의 작업 안전에 대한 유의미한 효과를 얻고자 하였다. 이를 위해 안전사고의 주요 원인과 계약 사례 등을 고려하여 계약항목의 구성을 최적 작업역량 유지를 위한 부정적 요인의 제거, 스태프 개인의 주의 해태(懈怠) 원인의 제거, 외부요인에 의한 주의 해태 원인 제거로 설정하고, 이들 각 상위 구성요소에서 각각 다루어야 할 구체적인 계약사항을 제시하였다.

網膜의 周邊部變性 : 格子變性 Lattice Degeneration

김시열 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1983 慶北醫大誌 Vol.24 No.1

망막병리증 환자 96안과 일반인 280안에 대하여 정밀안저검사를 하여 열공성망막박리를 유발시킬수 있는 격자변성을 조사하였다. 확인된 격자변성을 분석하여 일반인과 망막박리증환자에서 빈도와 굴절상태, 호발년령, 병소의 크기 및 위치, 병소내의 열공 및 병소연망막의 파열 유무등을 조사하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 격자변성의 빈도는 일반인에서 8%, 망막박리증 환자에서 32%이였고 대부분 근시안에서 나타났으나 근시의 정도와는 관계가 없었다. 병소의 위치는 상이측이 가장많았으며 비측 수평부위가 가장 적었다. 병소는 거상연과 적도부 사이에 대부분 위치했으며 거상연에 평행되게 배열되었으나 7안에서는 경도에 따라 배열되었으며 이 경우는 모두 적도부 약간 후방에 위치하였다. 병소내 열공이 존재한 경우는 17안, 병소연망막이 찢어진 경우는 4안이였다. 병소연이 찢어진 4안과 병소내 열공이 존재한 8안이 96안의 망막박리환자에서 직접원인으로 작용되었다고 사료되었다. 일반인에서 나타난 격자변성은 1% 미만에서 열공성망막박리를 유발시키지만 정기적 관찰이 요구되며, 특히 병소연이 찢어지는 경우는 반듯이 망막박리의 예방치료를 하여야 된다. Lattice degeneration of the retina is a sharply demarcated, circumferentially oriented, degenerative process located at anterior to equator and characterized by retinal thinning and abnormalities of the adjacent vitreous. In 280 eyes of 140 general population and 96 eyes of retinal detatchment the patients were examined with indirect ophthalmoscope and contact lens slit lamp biomicroscopy for evaluation of lattice degeneration of the retina. Lattice degeneration was discovered in 54 eyes, revealing an incidence of 8% for the general population and 31% for the retinal detatchment patients. It was significantly associated with myopia but not related to the degree of myopia. Lattice degeneration was located at anterior to equatorial area and was circumferential in orientation mostly and the area of maximal involvement was superior temporal quadrant. Atrophic holes within the lattice lesion were found in 17 eyes, breaks at the margin of lesion were found in 4 eyes. In general, lattice degeneration in general population leads to retinal detatchment is extremely low (under 1%). However, 12 eyes (8 retinal holes and 4 breaks with in lesion) of 96 retinal detatchment patients were responsible to lead retinal detatchment. Therefore long period follow up to lattice degeneration in general population is important to prevention of rhegmatogenous retinal detatchment.

지식재산권 소송에서 감정의 공공성 확보에 관한소고

김시열 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 2022 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 논문지 Vol.18 No.1

The Expert Testimony of the Civil Procedure Act aims to assist professional knowledge and experience to supplement judges’ decision. However, in the case of appraisal performed by a judge's order, the judge's control is bound to be weak, so the reliability of the appraisal results is lost by using this, which makes it difficult for judges to decide. In particular, in lawsuits related to intellectual property rights, due to its essential characteristics, judges rely more on experts who perform appraisal during the trial process. Since judges cannot take the lead in controlling the appraisal process, securing fairness and reliability for the expert is considered a very important factor. Therefore, it was thought that the public nature of emotions would function importantly as a means of securing fairness and reliability of Expert Testimony. To this end, the direction of system improvement to secure the publicity of emotions was examined.

데이터베이스의 저작권 침해 판단 방법론 개선에 대한 시론적 검토

김시열 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 2023 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 논문지 Vol.19 No.2

The Copyright Act recognizes a database as a type of copyrighted work and protects the copyrights of databases as authorship works. It is notable that what is protected under the Copyright Act is not the database itself but the creative expression among its various elements. However, databases, particularly electronic databases, have unique characteristics that make them difficult to perceive and understand compared to other forms of expression. Furthermore, databases are often used in the intermediate stages rather than the final stages, hindering discussions on copyrights for databases. Various legal cases have revealed the absence of effective and reasonable similarity measurement models to prove copyright infringements or violations of other legl rights related to databases. The absence of models makes it difficult to adequately respond to increasing rights infringements and weakens the protection of legitimate rights holders. This study explores directions for developing a reasonable similarity measurement model to address this issue, specifically the direction of deriving a comparison algorithm that is applicable to the problems and various factors of creative expression.

저작권 분쟁조정과 SW감정 연계 문제에 관한 검토

김시열 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 2018 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 논문지 Vol.14 No.1

In process of copyright mediation, the parties hesitate to take adventage of SW appraisal system of Copyright Law. In this paper, we analyze obstacle factor and come forth with some solution in order to solve a dilemma issue. Specifically, we need to improving an public function of sw appraisal, and it should be permitted to make an exception in invoking products. Otherwise, I was concerned about choosing as evidence, adopting simplicity appraisal.

A Review of the Improvement of the Expert Evidence System under the Criminal Procedure Act - Focused on the Case of Intellectual Property Litigation -

김시열 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 2022 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 논문지 Vol.18 No.2

As the number of professional lawsuits increases, many discussions are being made on improving the appraisal system to assist a judge. In particular, the importance of expert evidence in a trial for intellectual property rights is more emphasized because of its unique characteristics. Although the relevance of expert evidence is emphasized in a criminal trial, active discussions on system improvement have yet to occur. Therefore, the problems of the expert evidence system by order of a judge in the expert evidence systems of the Criminal Procedure Act(Articles 169–179-2) and the ways to improve the problems are examined. To that purpose, solutions to challenges, such as the specification of an expert witness, the method of an expert witness examination, the method of a report on expert evidence, and the anonymity of an expert witness, were sought.

초자체 수술시 안내 관류액내 Gentamicin의 적정 농도

김시열,권정윤,김상하 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1990 慶北醫大誌 Vol.31 No.2

세균성 안내염의 치료 및 예방을 위해 초자체 관류액내에 첨가한 gentamicin이 망막에 미치는 영향을 알아 보기 위해 유색가토에서 ERG b파, c파를 이용하여 검토하였다. 초자체 관류액에 gentamicin을 8㎍/㎖ 첨가한 군에서는 술후 2주에 모두 정상 b파, c파를 나타내었다. 그러나 16㎍/㎖ 첨가한 군에서는 4마리중 1마리에서 심한 망막장해를 나타내어 술후 2주에도 b파와 c파는 회복되지 못하였다. 그러므로 관류액내 gentamicin 8㎍/㎖ 농도는 Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas등의 안과영역 감염에 중요균의 MIC보다 높아 망막에 장해를 주지않고 치료효과를 얻을 수 있는 안전농도라 할 수 있다. Effects of gentamicin added to vitrectomy infusion fluid on the retina were studied by using the ERG b- and c-waves as an indicator of retinal activity in the pigmented rabbits in vivo. The ERG was recorded before vitrectomy, 1 day, 2 days, 7 days, and 14 days after vitrectomy, respectively. The b- and c-waves were not deteriorated with 8㎍/㎖ gentamicin. This concentration was higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of gentamicin against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, the b- and c-waves were disappeared or markedly diminished with 16㎍/㎖ gentamicin.

크라우드펀딩 도입에 따른 지식재산권 관점에서 투자자 보호에 관한 연구

김시열,최재식,임윤혜 한국지식재산연구원 2014 지식재산연구 Vol.9 No.4

The Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of the United States wasproclaimed by President Obama of the United States in April 2012. Then, the United States Securities and Exchange Commissionannounced enforcement regulations as a follow-up measure to the act inOctober 2013. The United Kingdom is also expected to presentenforcement ordinances on consumer credit in April 2014 and manycountries are paying attention to crowdfunding. In this regard, theKorean government also announced it would pursue the introduction ofcrowdfunding to improve the fiancing conditions of business startupsand venture firms in their early stage of business. This paper deals with conditions for finding portals, qualificationsof agencies and publishers, and the target of the funding related to thesystematization of crowdfunding of the Jumpstart Our BusinessStartups Act. In addition, it also summarizes movements being madeglobally for the introduction of crowdfunding, such as classifying andexempting collective investment schemes when managingcrowdfunding, other than actions subject to the regulations of theenforcement ordinances on consumer credit of the United Kingdom. Itthen examines the debate on crowdfunding in Korea. Last, it goes over items particularly necessary for the protection of investors when introducing crowdfunding using intellectual propertyrights (IPRs). That is, it examines the systemic tools necessary for theproper protection of investors in order to vitalize early on and safelysettle crowdfunding using IPRs in consideration of the specialcharacteristics of IPRs in addition to those of crowdfunding targetingunspecified many for investment funds collection. That is, it is necessaryto disperse the responsibility of loss, launch insurance products for this,and appropriately limit the funds to be collected and investors. 아이디어를 기술 상품화하기 위한 자금조달 수단으로 크라우드펀딩이 주목을받고 있다. 크라우드펀딩이 소액의 자금지원을 매개로 발전한 방식이어서 고위험에도 불구하고 자금지원자에 대한 보호가 크게 고려되지는 않아 왔다. 하지만 미국의 JOBS ACT를 비롯하여 세계 각국이 지분형 크라우드펀딩을 제도화하여 시장에 도입하고 있으며, 우리나라 역시 이에 동참하고 있는 상황이다. 그러나 기부형으로 대표되는 초기의 크라우드펀딩과 달리 최근 제도화가 논의되는 지분형 크라우드펀딩은 기존의 증권관련 법규와의 균형, 투자 목적이라는 특성의 고려 등투자자 보호에 대한 제도마련 노력이 상당히 진행되고 있다. 다만, 일반적인 프로젝트와 달리 지식재산권을 대상으로 한 크라우드펀딩 프로젝트의 경우 지식재산권의 무형자산이라는 특징 및 무효가능성 등으로 인한 투자위험이 보다 높은 상태를 갖게 되므로 이에 대한 제도적 대비가 필요하다. 해외 주요국의 경우 지식재산권을 특별히 고려한 조치는 아니지만, 다양한 투자자 보호를 위한 제도를 마련하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이에 주요국의 제도적 조치를 살펴보고, 기존의 투자자 보호 수단과 지식재산권의 특성 등을 고려하여 지식재산권 관점에서의 투자자 보호방안을 생각해 보았다. 세부적으로는 손실책임의 한계를 명확히 하여 투자자에 추가적인 손실이 이루어지지 않도록 하는 것, 지식재산권 문제로 인한 추가적 손실발생 시 투자자의 위험을 감소시키기 위한 보험의 적용, 모집제한 금액을 시장상황에 맞추도록 하여 투자자가 목표한 성과를 거둘 수 있도록 할 것, 그리고 적격투자자 개념을 도입하는 등 투자자 보호를 위한 제도적 조치가 마련되어야 할 것이다.