경차용 가솔린 기관 실린더 블럭의 열응력 분포 특성에 대한 연구

김병탁 한국마린엔지니어링학회 1998 한국마린엔지니어링학회지 Vol.22 No.6

In this study the thermal stress distribution and deformantion characteristics resulting from the nonuniform temperature fields of the cylinder block of a light 3-cylinder 4-stroke gasoline engine were analyzed using the 3-dimensional finite element method. The temperature distributions req-uisite for the thermoelastic behavior alalysis were obtained from the steady-state heat conduction analysis performed on the basis of experimental data. in order to examine the effect of a ceramic material the cylinder liner was replaced by the silicon nitride($Si_{3}N_{4}$) and its thermal behaviors were compared with those of the original block.

針刺戟한 흰쥐의 腦抽出物이 疼痛역値에 미치는 影響

김병탁 大田大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

In order to investigate analgesic effect of acupuncture and its action mechanism, experimental rats were noodlod at Tsusanli (S36) for 3 minatos. The animals were then killed by dacapitation and the brains were extracted with acetone. The brain extract dissolved in saline so that 0.5ml extract was equivalent to 1/2 brain, and 0.5ml of the brain extract was administered, s.c. to the rat for the test. The analgesic effect of the brain extract was assessed by the analgesy-meter at 20 minute intervals for 60 minutes. The results are as followings. 1. In the group of injection with brain extract of non-acupunctured rats, the pain threshold did not change as compared with control. 2. In the group of injection with brain extract of acupunctured rats, the pain threshold was increased as compared with control, showed a significant increase at 40 minutes after injection with brain extract. According to above results, these evperimental observations suggest that some chemical compunds are produced during acupuncture stimulation. The present study shows that acupuncture may serve to stimulate the release of endogenous morphine-like substances, namely Endorphins, which in turn mediate the analgesic effect.

限界農地 遊休化 要因과 活用方案 : 西部 慶南의 事例를 中心으로

金秉鐸,李榮萬,金義庚 경상대학교 지역개발연구소 1995 地域開發硏究所 資料集 Vol.1995 No.1

加味小柴胡湯이 家兎의 肝障碍에 미치는 影響

金炳卓 圓光大學校大學院 1983 學位論叢 Vol.11 No.-

After rabbits were infected with hepatic damage by the intoxication of Allyl-alcohol, Kami-Sosiho-Tangs (sample I and II) were applied to the infected rabbits, and then tests of GOT. GPT. ALP. LDH. ACP. Total cholestrol, albumin, protein in the serum of the rabbits were performed, and the distributional phenomena of glycogen granules in the liver tissues of the rabbits were examined with a microscope as follows. 1) The GOT and GPT activity was remarkable decreased recovery in normal group on the administration of sample I. and sample II. It was showed a tendency to decrease total value change in experimental period on the control group. 2) The ALP. activity was recovered normal group in IIth and 7th day each group of sample I and sample ll. It showed on the control group increased passage in time. 3) The LDH. activity was increased from the 9th day on the sample I. It showed recovery of normal group at 11th day and control group was observated crease in LDH level value. 4) The ACP. activity was showed a tendency to increase in control group and administration of sample II recovered normal group in 7th day of experimental period. 5) The total cholestrol, components were increased on the control group decreased after 5th day. It recovered IIth day on sample I and 9th day on sample II. 6) The albumin. showed recovery normal group IIth day on the control group, and sample I in 3th day and the sample II in 9th day. 7) The protein. conponents showed a tendency to recovery control group in the IIth day, administration of sample I recovery normal group 7th day and dministration of sample II recovery normal group 5th day. 8) Hepatic glycogen contents were negative PAS reaction on the control group. It showed strong positive PAS reaction 11th day on the sample I and strong positive PAS reaction on the sample I and strong positive PAS reaction on the sample ll. In view of the above finding concluded that hepatic enzyme activity inhibition In experimental period from the hepatic damage after Allyl-alcohol intoxicated administrated sample II than sample I. It is a recovery normal group onthe hepatic disease.

소형가솔린 기관의 운전조건에 따른 작용하중의 변화와 응력분포 특성에 관한 연구

김병탁 釜慶大學校 1997 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.2 No.2

In this study, the amplitude and fluctuation of the mechanical forces which avt on a small 3-cylinder gasoline engine block were investigated in consideration of the measured gas pressure and the transmission path of the loads. And the variations of torques during one cycle were examined in various operating conditions and their mean values were calculated using the mechanical loads and compared with the mesured ones from the dynamometer. With the mechanical forces at the time when each cylinder is subject to macimum pressure, the finite element analysis was carried out in order to examine the stress and deformation characteristics of the block from a point of view concerning their effects on the engine operation.

Differential Promoter Methylation and Histone Modification Contribute to the Brain Specific Expression of the Mouse Mbu-1 Gene

김병탁,김선정,Seongeun Kang 한국분자세포생물학회 2012 Molecules and cells Vol.34 No.5

Mbu-1 (Csrnp-3) is a mouse gene that was identified in our previous study as showing highly restricted expres-sion to the central nervous system. In this study, to eluci-date the regulatory mechanism for tissue specificity of the gene, epigenetic approaches that identify the profiles of CpG methylation, as well as histone modifications at the promoter region were conducted. Methylation-specific PCR revealed that the CpG sites in brain tissues from embryo to adult stages showed virtually no methylation (0.052- 0.67%). Lung (9.0%) and pancreas (3.0%) also showed lower levels. Other tissues such as liver, kidney, and heart showed much higher methylation levels ranging from approximately 39-93%. Treatment of 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) significantly decreased promoter methylation, reactivating Mbu-1 expression in NG108-15 and Neuro-2a neuronal cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that 5-Aza-dC decreased levels of acetylated H3K9 and methylated H3K4, and increased methylated H3K9. This result indicates that CpG methylation converses with histone modifications in an opposing sense of regulating Mbu-1 expression.

실린더 블럭의 진동 및 변형 특성에 관한 연구

金秉倬 釜山工業大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

The vibration and deformation characteristics of the cylinder block of a small 3-cylinder gasoline engine were analyzed using the finite element method. Firstly in this analysis, modal testing was carried out to investigate the vibration characteristics of the block and to compare its results with the numerical ones calculated for the same boundary conditions. Before the forced vibration analy-sis was conducted, the performance test of the engine was executed in order to prepare the input data of the FE analysis. Finally the dynamic responses at the several points of the block were ob-tained in the condition of 2000 rpm(WOT) at a time later than the clarification of the path along which mechanical loads were transmitted to thee main bearing caps. And the response amplitudes according to the crank angles were represented in the graphical forms and compared with the static displacements of the points around the cylinder bores.

사질토 지반에서 단일 강성말뚝의 수평거동에 대한 시공방법의 영향

김병탁,김영수,서인식 한국지반공학회 1999 한국지반공학회논문집 Vol.15 No.6

본 논문은 균질 및 비균질의 사질토 지반에서 항타 시공된 단일 강성말뚝의 수평거동에 대한 모형실험 결과들을 고찰하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 말뚝의 수평거동 특성에 대한 말뚝 시공상태 (Driven & Embedded), 말뚝 근입길이에 대한 하부지반의 두께비 (H/L),그리고 지반의 상대밀도의 영향에 관하여 실험적인 연구를 수행하고 이러한 영향들을 정량화 할 수 있는 실험결과를 얻었다. 모형 실험 결과들에 의하면, 수평거동은 느슨한 균질지반에서 시공방법에 상당히 의존하는 것으로 나타났다. 말뚝시공시 항타방법에 의존할 경우 균질지반에서는 느슨한 지반일수록 그리고 비균질 지반 $(E_{h1}/E_{h2}/=0.18)$에서는 상부층 두께가 클수록 수평변위 감소에 상당한 효과를 얻을 수 있으나, 최대 휨모멘트 감소는 수평변위 감소와 정반대의 결과를 나타냈다. 수평변위 측면에서, 매입말뚝에 대한 항타말뚝의 변위비 $(y_{Driven}y_{Embedded})$는 균질지반의 각 상대 밀도에 대하여 0.65-0.88 $(D_r=90%)$와 0.38-0.65 (D$_{r}$=61.8%)의 범위로 그리고 비균질지반에서 0.6-0.88 의 범위로 나타났다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 $y_D/y_E \;와\; NBM_D/MBM_E$에 대한 항타고와 H/L의 영향들을 모형실험 결과들로부터 실험식으로 제안하였다. This paper shows the results of model tests on the lateral behavior of single rigid pile, which was constructed by driving, in homogeneous and non-homogeneous (two layered) NakDong River sands. The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the effect of ratio of lower layer thickness to embedded pile length, relative density of sand and pile construction conditions (Driven & Embedded piles) on the characteristics of lateral behavior of single pile. These effects can be quantified only by the results of model tests. As a model result, the lateral behavior depends upon the pile construction condition in loose-density soil more than in high-density soil. If the pile construction depends upon driving construction, the decrease of deflection remarkably increases for both loose homogeneous sand and non-homogeneous soil$(E_{h1}/E_{h2}/=0.18)$ with high thickness of upper layer but the decrease of maximum bending moment shows the opposite result to the decrease of deflection. And, with respect to deflection, it was found that the deflection ratio $(y_{Driven}y_{Embedded})$ of embedded to driven piles has the ranges of 0.65 - 0.88 $(D_r=90%)$0.38 - 0.65 $(D_r=61.8%)$ for each relative density of homogeneous soil and the range of 0.6 - 0.88 for non-homogeneous soil. Also, in this study, the experimental equation for the effects of drop height (DH) and H/L on the ratios of $y_D/y_E\; and MBM_D/MBM_ E$ is suggested from model tests.

農業人力 育成事業의 展開過程과 發展方案

金秉鐸,金厚根 慶尙大學校 地域開發硏究所 1999 地域開發硏究 - 慶尙大學校 地域開發硏究所 Vol.10 No.-

Laboratory Modeling of Laterally Loaded Pile Groups in Sand

김병탁,윤길림 대한토목학회 2011 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.15 No.1

Extensive laboratory model pile tests were performed to investigate pile group interaction effects. Six types of configurations of pile group with 3 to 8-diameter pile spacing were embedded into loose to medium dense sands. The pile group deflected over two times more than the single pile under the same average load. Group effects significantly reduced load carrying capacity for all rows relative to single pile behavior. The p-y multiplier factor depends upon the configuration of pile group and the pile spacing. The pmultiplier factor for varying the configuration of the pile groups was from 0.2 to 0.5 at 3-diameter spacing in medium dense sand. It was also found that the p-multiplier factor for Pile Spacing Ratio (PSR), greater than unity is higher than that for PSR smaller than unity. Good agreement between the measured and computed pile group responses was obtained from the p-multiplier approach. Single pile tests were also performed for comparison purposes.