Comparative Study of Prophetic Call and Shamanic Call and Its Implications for Christian Missionary Call

김다니엘 한국복음주의선교신학회 2018 복음과 선교 Vol.44 No.-

The cultural anthropological study of the religious specialists identifies two particular types—prophet and shaman—as those who are specially acknowledged for their understanding and experience of supernatural call. Although their orientations may be differentiated—the prophet approaches the people on behalf of the supernatural, while the shaman approaches the supernatural on behalf of the people—both are engaged in specialized works based on their sense of inspirational call. Thus the prophetic type and shamanic type serve as distinct paradigms of supernatural call, and provide a much needed challenge to the Christian understanding of divine call. Of course, the Christian concept of divine call finds its precedent in the biblical prophets (and apostles). However, by comparing the biblical prophetic concept of divine call with the shamanic concept of spiritual call, the distinct nature of the biblical model of prophetic call may be more sharply accentuated. The purpose of this thesis, then, is to compare the concept of supernatural call in the cases of the biblical prophets and the worldly shamans, and to draw some significant implications for the present-day missionary call. The common characteristic of supernatural initiative has a general implication for the Christian missionaries in their understanding of the nature of divine call. But what distinguishes the biblical prophetic call from the shamanic call is that there is an added dimension of specific “commission,” and this commission element has a further implication for the Christian missionaries in terms of understanding the specific content and direction regarding their call. Moreover, we must remember that the biblical prophets, in clear distinction from their shamanic counterparts, exercised their call/commission with the highest standard of “ethical monotheism,” and this pietistic dimension certainly has a missional implication of fulfilling the divine call/commission in a relationally faithful and morally responsible way. The outline of the thesis, then, is as follows: (1) biblical prophetic call/commission; (2) shamanic call phenomenon; (2) comparative analysis (of prophetic call and shamanic call); and (4) implications for missionary call.

A Critical Evaluation of the Incarnational Model for Mission and a New Proposal for the “Embodied Agency” Incarnational Model

김다니엘 한국복음주의선교신학회 2019 복음과 선교 Vol.46 No.-

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the current controversy regarding the so-called “incarnational” model for ministry and mission and to propose a crucial dimension of “embodied agency” which can help enhance the overall vision of this model. In the past, the concepts, such as “incarnational life,” “incarnational ministry,” and “incarnational mission,” have generally implied the imitative principles of contextualization or enculturation based on Christ’s incarnated life. The primary critique against such a position questions whether Christ’s unique experience of incarnation can actually serve as a model for Christian ministry and mission in general. However, it can be argued that there are clear Scriptural teachings which would warrant the necessity of following the examples of Christ and being Christlike in all our ways of life, ministry, and mission. But it also needs to be acknowledged that what is often advocated as “incarnational” model in the contemporary church and mission contexts may seem quite superficial an imitation of some stereotypical understandings of culture or behavior pattern related to Jesus. What is proposed in this thesis is that the focus of the incarnational model should not primarily be on the principles of contextualization or enculturation, but on the concept of “embodied agency,” which is the essential understanding of Christ’s incarnation. We must remember that the incarnation of Christ meant firstly and literally that “the Word became flesh,” in the sense that Christ became a living, animated, bodily human being. Thus, Christ became a truly dynamic human “body-in-action” for the purpose of embodied agency of God. This means that only in terms of this bodily (somatic), actional (kinetic), and intentional (teleologic) pattern of incarnational model should we engage in talks about contextualization or enculturation. The implication for ministry and mission, and life in general, then, is that the incarnational model should be understood as following the examples of Christ as the premier embodied agent of God having the grace and agility to perfectly adapt to all kinds of contextual and cultural settings for the sake of God-ordained ministry and mission.

ACTS 신학-신앙 운동과 영성신학적 의의

김다니엘 아세아연합신학대학교 신학연구소 2013 ACTS 神學과 宣敎 Vol.13 No.-

The purpose of this thesis is to introduce the discipline of "spiritual theology" which would be consistent with the so-called "theologyfaith movement" of ACTS. In this thesis, the key concepts which help to define ACTS theology-faith movement, such as "central truth," theocentrism," "evangelicalism," "Calvinist theology," and "Wesleyan praxis," are first discussed. Then the focus of the thesis shifts to the specific discipline of spiritual theology. It is the concept of "spiritual theology" which precisely emphasizes the integration of theology and faith/spirituality. Significantly, the concept of "union with Christ" (unio cum Christo), an important theme in spiritual theology, may serve as the crucial basis for integration of the concepts of justification and sanctification?which, of course, is the primary concern of ACTS theology-faith movement. This concept of "union with Christ," which finds its basis in incarnational Christology and Christological pneumatology, is one of many themes relevant to Christian life which can be well developed through a proper formation of spiritual theology from an evangelical tradition.

학교스포츠클럽 지도자의 스포츠일탈 실제와 합리화 기제

김다니엘,임수원 대구경북체육학회 2014 체육연구 Vol.10 No.1

Theodrama “Missio”: A Way of Theologizing Mission on Stage

김다니엘 아세아연합신학대학교 ACTS 신학연구소 2020 ACTS 신학저널 Vol.45 No.-

The purpose of this thesis is to address the unique way of theologizing mission through theatrical means, as demonstrated by the theodrama “Missio” production, as directed and choreographed by this author. This was the most recent production in a series of productions at Asia United Theological University (ACTS), which is an ongoing educational experimentation of “theologizing on stage.” In the case of the Missio production, it would be more proper to describe it as a way of “theologizing mission on stage” or simply “missiologizing on stage.” The basic premises for the theodrama Missio may be stated, as follows: (1) The source of mission is the Trinitarian God. (2) God the Father through the Son and the Spirit calls and commissions his select agents (missionaries). (3) In their missionary journey, the agents encounter various cultures, ethnicities, and religions. (4) In the present-day context of urbanization and globalization, the agents encounter various obstacles (materialism, successism, hedonism, mysticism, technologism). (5) They particularly approach the younger generation, who are captured in cyberspace and virtual reality, with the Word of God and the ministry of the Spirit. (6) Jesus and the Spirit reconfirms the agents’ mission (converting the unbelievers and transforming the society), but the agents are also transformed in their missional perspective. The outline of this thesis is essentially that of the Missio storyline, as follows: (1) Theological Basis: Missio Dei; (2) Historical View: Missional Trends; (3) Contemporary Issues: Missional Obstacles; and (4) Practical Agenda: Renewed Missional Vision.

Missional Spirituality in the 21st Century Post-Pandemic Era

김다니엘 아신대학교 ACTS 신학연구소 2022 ACTS 신학저널 Vol.53 No.-

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the topic of Christian spirituality in anticipation of the church’s missional engagement in the 21st century post-pandemic era. The missional church movement has already provided a new innovative paradigm (in terms of concept, theory, and praxis) for mission since the turn of the 21st century. However, the topic of spirituality has not been a widely discussed in the mission circles in general. The aim of this thesis, then, is to make a contribution in this area of missional spirituality by presenting an overview of the key topics and contemporary issues related to Christian spirituality, particularly in relation to the missional church movement. In this thesis, we begin with the broad paradigm of missional church, followed by a working definition of spirituality. Next, some key topics related to missional spirituality will be discussed as follows: supernatural worldview, spiritual experience, spiritual call, spiritual gifts, healing/restoration, spiritual warfare, spiritual discernment, and spiritual life in general. Then, the relevance of Christian spirituality in the contemporary global context will be discussed as follows: secular society, religious pluralism, globalization, technologism, indigenous cultural movement, work/vocation, and global crises (including the coronavirus pandemic). Finally, the missionalincarnational model of Christian spirituality will be presented as the premier solution for the spiritual issues and problems the churches will likely encounter in their missional endeavors in the post-pandemic era.

The Incarnational Missional Paradigm in the Excarnational Era of Cyberspace and Virtual Reality

김다니엘 한국선교신학회 2019 선교신학 Vol.55 No.-

Christianity is essentially an incarnational or embodied way of being truly human and communal in the likeness of the Incarnate Christ. But the church's historical tendency toward excarnation (as Charles Taylor first pointed out in his book, A Secular Age) has become especially problematic in the 21st century of digitalization, cyberization, virtual- ization, and cyborgization. This thesis proposes that the way to counter the excarnational philosophy and praxis, particularly in the realms of cyberspace and virtual reality, is by returning to a truly “embodied soul” or “ensouled body” paradigm of Christianity, as exemplified by the Incarnate Christ. The missional implication, then, is that we must understand cyberspace as a virtual realm or domain which needs to be strategically penetrated in order to deliver the excarnated minds and souls ― essentially, the consciousness ― of the present generation who are either alienated from or captured in the cyberspace.

Biblical Prophetic Call/Commission and Its Implications for Missionary Call/Commission

김다니엘 한국복음주의선교신학회 2017 복음과 선교 Vol.40 No.-

The purpose of this thesis is to establish the biblical foundation for divine call/commission of the Old Testament prophets and to explore its implications for the contemporary missionary call/commission. The key to understanding the Old Testament prophets in their roles and functions is their own consciousness of divinely motivated mission. We must understand that such prophetic missional consciousness derives from a prophet’s actual experience of divine call/commission which is usually accompanied by some form of theophany or divine encounter. Such divine encounter (whether through audible voice, heavenly vision, angelic visitation, or supernatural manifestation) as recorded in the Old Testament has traditionally been identified as “call/commission narrative.” A series of these biblical cases of prophetic call/commission — Moses (Ex. 3:1-4:17), Samuel (1 Sam. 3:1-14), Elijah (1 Ki. 19:1-18), Isaiah (Isa. 6:1-13), Jeremiah (Jer. 1:4-10), Ezekiel (Ez. 1:1-3:15) — then, would serve as a significant model for the contemporary missionary call/commission. The vision and effectivity (especially in the midst of trials and sufferings) of the missionaries would depend largely on their conviction regarding their divine call/commission. This thesis, then, begins by establishing the literary genre of call/commission narrative in general. Then, the specific elements related to the call/commission of the select prophetic individuals in their respective narratives are addressed, as follows: (1) theophanic encounter, (2) commissioning word, (3) human inadequacy, and (4) divine empowerment. Finally, the missiological implications of the biblical prophetic call/commission are discussed. Thus, as initially modeled by the Old Testament prophets and continued by the New Testament apostles (in imitation of and obedience to Jesus Christ), the churches in general and missionaries in specific are responsible to faithfully seek and confirm their call/commission directly from the Lord and to faithfully persevere in fulfilling their commission to the nations.

The Significance of the Human Body and Its Implications for Christian Spirituality and Mission

김다니엘 아세아연합신학대학교 ACTS 신학연구소 2019 ACTS 신학저널 Vol.41 No.-

Human beings have been created as fully embodied beings—that is, ensouled bodily beings—for the purpose of manifesting God’s purposes on earth. However, throughout church history, a sort of gnostic dualism has persisted, whereby body-soul dichotomy has been understood in terms of the exaltation of the soul at the expense of the body. This dualistic tendency, enhanced by rationalism, secularism, and technologism, has led to the devaluation of the bodily dimension and the advocacy of a disembodied reality, which Charles Taylor refers to as “excarnation.” Such excarnational tendencies counter the biblical Christianity—which highly affirms the human body by virtue of its creation, Christ's incarnation, and our future resurrection. Thus, it is imperative for the church to take the initiative to deeply examine these issues and to promote a truly biblical and dynamic view of human body. The purpose of this thesis, is to investigate the significance of human body and its implications for Christian spirituality and mission. The outline of the thesis is as follows: (1) Problematic Human Body (in relation to historical tendency); (2) Affirmed Human Body (in relation to biblical revelation); (3) Epistemic Human Body (in relation to spiritual knowledge); (4) Expressive Human Body (in relation to art/culture); (5) Sensible Human Body (in relation to cyber-technology); and (6) Agentive Human Body (in relation to kingdom mission).

AN EXPLICIT FORM OF POWERS OF A 2 X 2 MATRIX USING A RECURSIVE SEQUENCE

김다니엘,류상우,김대수,선우하식 충청수학회 2012 충청수학회지 Vol.25 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to derive powers $A^n$ using a system of recursive sequences for a given $2\times2$ matrix $A$. Introducing a recursive sequence we have a quadratic equation. Solutions to this quadratic equation are related with eigenvalues of $A$. By solving this quadratic equation we can easily obtain an explicit form of $A^n$. Our method holds when $A$ is defined not only on the real field but also on the complex field.