대학유형별 산학협력단 특성과 활동에 관한 연구

권기석(Kwon, Ki-Seok),김석호(Kim,Seok-Ho),김현우(Kim,Hyun-Woo) 한국의사결정학회 2013 의사결정학연구 Vol.21 No.2

대학의 산학협력활동이 정책적으로 중요해짐에 따라, 대학유형별 접근에 대한 요구가 높아지고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 대학을 유형화하고 대학유형별 산학협력활동을 분석하였다. 결과에 따르면, 산학협력단의 운영 및 인력현황에 있어서는 대학의 규모와 산단의 규모가 비례하고 있었으며, 대부분의 유형에서 산학협력 전담업무를 담당하는 비율은 낮았다. 산학협력단의 수익창출에 있어서는 산학협력활동이 아닌 외부국책과제의 기여도가 가장 높았다. 산학협력과 관련해서는 대형대학의 경우 기술이전이 가장 중요했으나, 지방중소형 대학은 창업보육에서 많은 수익을 창출하고 있었다. 산학협력성과에 대한 관리규정 등 제도에 있어서는 지방대형대학들이 산학협력활동(국내외 특허출원 등)에 대한 교원평가에 있어 적극적인 것으로 나타난 반면, 서울지역 대형대학들이 소극적으로 나타났다. 산학협력 프로그램의 운영 중 인력교류에 있어서는 서울대형사립대학과 중형국공립대학이 가장 활발한 활동을 보였다. 기술이전전담부서의 규모는 대학의 규모와 비례하였으며, 과학기술특화대학은 특히 규모가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 향후 산학협력 정책은 이러한 차이를 반영하여 수행되어야 할 것이다. As the third mission of universities grows important, it is imperative to adopt policy approach based on university typology. In this vein, this study analyzes the technology transfer offices(TTOs)’ characteristics and activities according to university typology. According to the results, the size of TTOs is proportional to their universities, but personnels dedicated to industrial collaboration is not main force in the TTOs. In terms of revenue creation, they are dependent more on national R&D projects rather than on industrial collaboration. Technology licensing is an important financial source for TTOs in big universities, while business incubation is main source for those in small and medium-sized universities in regions. With regard to institutional characteristics, big universities in regions are more willing to adopt industrial collaboration in assessing their academics than big universities in Seoul. Big private universities in Seoul and midium-sized universities in regions are very active in experts exchange. In order to maximize the synergy between academia and industry, these differences are needed to be carefully reflected on university-industry collaboration policy in the future.

남북한 과학기술협력에 대한 연구

권기석(Kwon Ki-seok) 한국과학기술학회 2003 과학기술학연구 Vol.3 No.2

Inter-Korean Cooperation in Science and Technology will contribute to building the trust between S.K and N.K as a leading factor and cut down the cost of unification by diminishing the technology lag and the gap of economic level. This study has shown that we can increase the productivity of Unified Korea Innovation system if we systematically analyse the present condition of the Inter-Korean Cooperation and promote Inter-Korean Cooperation. In this study, the author analyses the present condition of the Inter-Korean Cooperation with integrated framework of three aspects to clear up the policy of Inter-Korean Cooperation. First, in the national aspect, we make use of the notion of international cooperation and multilateral mechanism of an international organization. Thereafter, we make out the alternatives in the aspects of international relationship and legal and institutional view. Second, in the unification aspect, we consider the Inter-Korean Cooperation by the notion of national innovation system. Thereafter, we make out the alternative in the aspect of a phase-dependent approach. Finally, in technology aspect, we consider the Inter-Korean Cooperation by the notion of technology gap, the framework of technology transfer, and technology dependency theory. As a conclusion, through this study, the author have tried to integrate the various theoretical backgrounds. As a result, the author could analyse the present condition of Inter-Korean Cooperation in Science and Technology and learn a good lesson from it; Therefore, we can use it as a means of evaluation on a cooperation program and prediction for the future status of cooperation.

19 세기 세도정치 세력의 형성 배경 ( 하 ) - 조선후기 집권세력의 통혼관계망 분석을 중심으로 -

권기석(Ki Seok Kwon) 진단학회 2001 진단학보 Vol.- No.91

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19 세기 세도정치 세력의 형성 배경 ( 상 ) - 조선후기 집권세력의 통혼관계망 분석을 중심으로 -

권기석(Ki Seok Kwon) 진단학회 2000 진단학보 Vol.- No.90

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조선시대 족보의 女性 등재 방식 변화 -여성의 夫家 귀속과 다원적 계보의식의 축소-

權奇奭 ( Kwon Ki-seok ) 조선시대사학회 2019 朝鮮時代史學報 Vol.90 No.0

The descendants of women are not listed in the patrilineal genealogy. However, the descendants of daughters were registered in the early Joseon genealogy, and the ancestors of daughters-in-law were registered in the late Joseon genealogy. Apparently, all genealogical records of the Joseon Dynasty seem to constitute a marriage network with women as nodes. The purpose of this study was to find out that the early genealogy of daughters’ descendants implemented the kinship network covering all types of descent rather than the marriage network. Sons-in-law linked by marriage were listed before daughters-in-law also linked by marriage because of the practice of not recording women's names publicly in pre-modern Korean society. Sons-in-law’s name is usually listed instead of daughters’ name, but sons-in-law’s children, not daughters’ children, were not considered grandchildren and are excluded from the record. If a daughter’s only husband has a child and the child is not her biological child, she was recognized as having no descendants. The editors of genealogy in the early Joseon period were more interested in verifying daughters’ descendants than marriage relationship with sons-in-law’s family. If a son had more than one wife, the genealogy editors clearly recorded how many children each daughter-in-law gave birth so that they could identify their mother's ancestry. This was part of an effort to verify non-patrilineal descent rather than the marriage relationship with daughters-in-law’s family. Since the mid-18th century there have been many changes in the way women are listed. The mark on a daughter’s marriage order disappeared and the willingness to determine who was daughters’ descendant was weakened. The description of a woman who does not have children was changed from ‘muhu(無後)’ to ‘muyuk(無育)’. ‘Muyuk’ is an expression that implies the notion that women only contribute to nurture, and that the pedigree origin is in the father. In many cases, the remote ancestors of daughters-in-law were recorded. This was intended to represent the family of daughters-in-law and to establish a marriage network between the lineage groups based on patrilineal descent.

기초연구 우수성과 확산을 위한 전략 수립에 관한 연구

권기석(Kwon, Ki-Seok),김현우(Hyun-Woo Kim),한동성(Han, Dong-Seung),윤협상(Yoon Hyoup-Sang) 한국의사결정학회 2012 의사결정학연구 Vol.20 No.1

기초연구는 지적능력 향상에 필요한 지식을 생산하고 이의 확산을 통해 국가경제발전 및 삶의 질 향상에 기여한다. 특히 과학기술에 의한 국가경쟁력의 확보에서 가장 중요한 사항은 기초과학 연구성과를 관리·활용하여 원천기술을 확보하고, 이를 산업화로 연결시켜 산업의 생산성을 향상시키는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 기초연구 우수성과 확산을 위한 전략 수립을 위해 기초연구사업에 참여한 연구자를 대상으로 기초연구 우수성과 확산에 대한 인식을 조사하여 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 시사점을 제시한다. Basic research produces the knowledge for enhancing innovation capability and contributes to the development of the nation’s economy and to the improvement of the quality of life through its diffusing. Therefore, many countries have tried to promote university-industry collaboration and to enhance connectedness between ministries’ R&D programs for diffusing the benefits of basic research. Against this background, we investigate appropriate strategies by implementing survey analysis in this paper. Based on the results, we put forward some policy implications.

경제추격국 과학기술의 공공성과 상업성

권기석(Kwon, Ki-Seok),정석봉(Jeong, Seok-Bong),한동성(Han, Dong-Seung) 한국의사결정학회 2012 의사결정학연구 Vol.20 No.1

최근 대학의 연구 역량이 기술혁신에서 매우 중요한 역할을 한다는 것이 널리 인식되면서 이에 따른 과학의 국가경제에 대한 기여 강화가 선진국은 물론 개도국에서도 중요한 정책이슈로 부각되었다. 그러나 국내에서는 다양한 대학의 산학협력 프로그램의 강화에도 불구하고, 어떤 관점에서 산학협력이 의미 있게 자리매김할 수 있는지에 대한 연구는 드물다. 이러한 배경에 따라 선진국에서 이루어지고 있는 대학의 경제 기여 내지 상업적 활동과 학술적 연구 활동간 관계에 대한 경험적 연구와 이론적 논의를 과학의 공공성과 상업성, 이 양자간 보완론과 대체론으로 대별시켜 검토해보았다. 보완론은 자원효과와 마태효과 등을 통해 특허나 논문 활동이 서로 선순환 구조를 이루는 것으로 설명한다. 반면, 대체론은 과학자 사회의 근본규범이 비공개문제와 왜곡효과 등으로 논문으로 대변되는 과학활동이 위축될 것을 우려하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 개발도상국의 관점과 경제적 추격(economic catch-up)을 반세기만에 성취한 한국의 상황을 고려하여 과학기술의 발전을 공공성과 상업성이라는 두 축에서 어떻게 자리매김하여야 하는지 논의해 보았다. In this paper, theoretical and empirical issues regarding the relationship between publicness and the commercialization of science and technology are addressed. In particular, a review of existing literature on research and entrepreneurial activities of public science is introduced. Moreover, the two contrasting views on the close interaction between the academic research and direct contributions to the economy in industrialized countries are discussed. Finally, the application of the two issues presented is discussed in the context of developing countries. Based on this review, it is tempting to conclude that universities in catch-up countries and South Korea have developed their own academic system different from those in developed countries, which can be characterized as having strong government control and a high level of contribution to the economy. In the era of the knowledge based economy, the South Korean government needs to develop the scientists’ autonomy as well as their interaction with other actors in the national innovation system.

대학에 대한 정부의 산학협력 재정지원 분석

권기석(Kwon, Ki-Seok),한상덕(Han,Sang-Deok),정석봉(Jeong,Seok-Bong) 한국의사결정학회 2013 의사결정학연구 Vol.21 No.2

산학협력을 통한 대학의 국가경제에의 직접적 기여가 중요한 정책적, 학술적 이슈로 부각되고 있다. 이에 따라 정부는 다양한 지원정책을 통해서 대학의 산학협력을 활성화하고 있다. 본 연구는 교육과학기술부의 대학에 대한 산학협력 재정지원현황을 사회연결망분석을 활용하여 분석하고 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다. 분석결과에 따르면, 첫째, 전문대가 4년제 대학에 비해 상대적으로 적은 규모의 지원을 받고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 향후 산학협력에 있어서 실무형 직업인의 양성이라는 전문대학의 설립목적을 고려하여 인력양성 관점의 산학협력을, 대학은 산학협력을 위한 연구개발이나 사업화 등으로 전문대학과 일반대학의 역할을 구분하여 산학협력을 지원할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 국공립대학과 사립대학의 산학협력 재정지원은 큰 차이를 발견할 수 없었는데, 향후 국공립대학의 산학협력에 있어서의 역할을 지역의 혁신지식기반 제공 등으로 차별화하는 것을 고려할 수 있다. 셋째, 대규모 대학은 주로 산학협력을 위한 연구개발에, 소규모대학은 인력양성에 상대적으로 초점을 맞추고 있어 이를 보다 강화해야할 필요가 있다. 넷째, 비수도권의 대학이 주로 인력양성에 초점을 맞추고 있는데 향후 지역의 혁신역량 강화를 위해서는 산학공동연구나 기술이전사업화도 고려할 필요가 있을 것으로 판단된다. The importance of universities’ direct contribution to national has been echoed in policy community as well as in academia. Therefore, the government have encouraged university-industry collaboration through various policy measures. Against this background, this paper analyses the MEST(ministry of education, science and technology)’s funding for universities’ knowledge-transfer activities based on social network analysis. According to the results, first of all, compared to 4-year universities, 2-year collage has relatively neglected in terms of the amount of funding. Therefore, we need consider a specialized funding stimulating practical training for 2-year collage. Secondly, there is no significant difference between public and private universities with regard to funding structure for university-industry collaboration, so some diversified policy measures are required for efficient public engagement. Thirdly, due to this funding, a bigger universities are more focused on R&D rather than human training, which is needed to be developed further in this way. Finally, funding for universities in non-capital area are oriented in training rather research. However, in upcoming period, we need to develop some other programmes for strengthening regional innovation capability.

조선후기 족보 入錄의 정치·사회적 의미 -족보가 갖는 ‘화이트리스트’ 또는 ‘블랙리스트’의 兩面性을 중심으로-

權奇奭 ( Kwon Ki-seok ) 조선시대사학회 2020 朝鮮時代史學報 Vol.92 No.0

The genealogy books compiled by family name during the Joseon Dynasty contain people who share blood ties. But actually they were embodying a network of politically and socially homogeneous classes. For this reason, the contents of the genealogy books reflected the intention of the genealogical editors along with the willingness of those who wanted to be included there. In fact, royal and private genealogical books were closely linked to each other genealogically. Thus both formed a blood network that included prominent figures to commemorate. These genealogy books naturally had the attributes of a ‘white list’ to pursue political and social gains. In the late Joseon period, genealogy books were developed that tied together people who worked in the same profession, had the same social status, or shared the same political position. The genealogy books of these types can be seen as examples that maximize the function of white list. But behind the bond between the same kind, there was also the side effect of exclusion and discrimination against those who were not. Sehyeombo(世嫌譜), a kind of genealogical book that brings together politically hostile figures, is a prime example of genealogy that served as black list. Even within a genealogical book, exclusion and discrimination were made against some of the people registered. The principle of discrimination in the records was clarified for the branches which usually consist of concubines’ descendants and local functionaries. Some branches lacking data basis for genealogy were also registered in an appendix called byeolbo(別譜), which was also a discriminatory measure. However, even if there is not enough genealogical evidence, the branches with high political and social status were included in bonbo(本譜), not byeolbo. This indicates that whether or not they would be recorded in byeolbo was not simply determined by whether data evidence could be found. The more important requirement to get out of byeolbo was the social prestige of those who wanted to be recorded in genealogical books. For those who wanted to be included in the famous genealogy under unfavorable treatment, the genealogy books would have been both a white list and a black list. Whether in a positive or negative sense, the figures in the genealogy books did not deviate much from the categories of the ruling class. In this regard, the case of “nobi(奴婢) genealogy,” in which the social identities of the people registered are sangmin(常民) or cheonmin(賤民), is very unusual. The characteristics of these genealogical materials are basically the result of the genealogical editors screening the number of people and information about them in accordance with their intentions.

英祖 御製書의 頒布 대상과 간행 방식

權奇奭(Kwon, Ki-Seok) 한국사연구회 2018 한국사연구 Vol.- No.182