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유전 및 육종 : 한우 도체형질의 유전능력평가를 위한 통계모형 탐색
구양모 ( Yang Mo Koo ),김시동 ( Si Dong Kim ),김정일 ( Jung Il Kim ),송치은 ( Chi Eun Song ),이기환 ( Ki Hwam Lee ),정용호 ( Yeoung Ho Jeoung ),이재윤 ( Jae Youn Lee ),장현기 ( Hyun Gi Jang ),박병호 ( Byoung Ho Park ),최태정 ( Te 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2011 한국축산학회지 Vol.53 No.4
2006년부터 2009년까지 축산물품질평가원에서 등급 판정된 도체성적이 있는 개체와 한국종축개량협회에 등록이 확인된 231,382두의 자료를 이용하여 각 도체형질의 자료구조 분석 등을 살펴보고, 각 요인별로 도체형질에 어떠한 영향을 주는 지에 대한 환경효과 등을 분석하고, 변수선택법 등을 이용하여 향후 유전능력평가에서 사용 가능한 통계모형 찾아내고자 실시하였다. 한우 암, 수, 거세를 포함한 전체집단에서 출하체중, 도체율, 등지방두께, 근내지방도에서 정규분포를 보이고 있었고, 다른 형질은 정규분포에 근접함을 확인할 수 있었다. 각 요인에 대한 분산분석에서는 한우 도체형질에 대하여 성별, 출생년도-계절, 도축년도-계절, 출생지역, 도축일령의 모두 고도의 유의성(p<0.01)이 인정되었다. 변수선택법을 이용한 모형적합도 검정에서는 출하체중, 도체중, 도체율, 배최장근단면적은 다섯 가지 환경효과를 선택하는 것이 최적이었고, 등지방두께와 근내지방도는 네 가지 환경효과를 고려하는 것이 최적이었지만, 다형질 분석으로 한 번에 분석을 하기 위해서는 다섯 가지 환경효과를 함께 고려하는 것이 적합하다고 사료된다. This study was conducted to study the environment effects on live weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, and marbling score, which are the carcass traits of Hanwoo, based on the estimates and all the possible regression for the selection of variable and significance test for 231,382 heads that underwent the carcass measurements. The average and standard deviation for the live weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, and marbling score were 654.79±91.61kg, 362.30±67.15kg, 59.52±0.03%, 81.79±12.21cm², 11.39±5.40mm, 4.38±2.29, respectively. The live weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, and marbling score for cow were 532.79±78.38kg, 313.40±44.90kg, 56.50±0.03%, 75.24±10.69cm², 11.82±5.10mm, 4.30±2.06, respectively, while for bull were 619.74±93.27kg, 376.89±48.62kg, 58.61±0.02%, 85.61±10.46cm², 5.64±2.71mm, 1.41±0.83, respectively, and for steer were 681.78±70.72kg, 415.23±49.43kg, 60.19±0.02%, 88.29±10.27cm², 12.71±5.23mm, 5.42±1.99, respectively. In the environmental variables selection based on the variables selection method, the examination by carcass traits suggested that the most appropriate model could be determined when five variables were selected for the live weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, eye muscle area, and four variables for backfat thickness, and marbling score. When they were considered at a time altogether based on multiple traits, it was deemed to be desirable to insert all five variables into the variables for analysis. In addition, high significance was found by carcass traits.
유전 및 육종 : 단형질 개체모형을 이용한 한우 육종가 추정프로그램 개발
구양모 ( Yang Mo Koo ),김정일 ( Jung Il Kim ),송치은 ( Chi Eun Song ),이기환 ( Ki Hwan Lee ),신재영 ( Jae Young Shin ),장현기 ( Hyun Gi Jang ),최태정 ( Tae Jeong Choi ),김시동 ( Di Dong Kim ),박병호 ( Byoung Ho Park ),조광현 ( Kwa 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2013 한국축산학회지 Vol.55 No.5
Estimate breeding value can be used as single trait animal model was developed directly using the Fortran language program. The program is based on data computed by using the indirect method repeatedly. The program develops a common algorithm and imprves efficiency. Algorithm efficiency was compared between the two programs. Estimated using the solution is easy to farm and brand the service, pedigree data base was associated with the development of an improved system. The existing program that uses the single trait animal model and the comparative analysis of efficiency is weak because the estimation of the solution and the conventional algorithm programmed through regular formulation involve many repetition; therefore, the newly developed algorithm was conducted to improve speed by reducing the repetition. Single trait animal model was used to analyze Gauss-Seidel iteration method, and the aforesaid two algorithms were compared thorough the mixed model equation which is used the most commonly in estimating the current breeding value by applying the procedures such as the preparation of information necessary for modelling, removal of duplicative data, verifying the parent information of based population in the pedigree data, and assigning sequential numbers, etc. The existing conventional algorithm is the method for reading and recording the data by utilizing the successive repetitive sentences, while new algorithm is the method for directly generating the left hand side for estimation based on effect. Two programs were developed to ensure the accurate evaluation. BLUPF90 and MTDFREML were compared using the estimated solution. In relation to the pearson and spearman correlation, the estimated breeding value correlation coefficients were highest among all traits over 99.5%. Depending on the breeding value of the high correlation in Model Ⅰ and Model Ⅱ, accurate evaluation can be found. The number of iteration to convergence was 2,568 in Model Ⅰ and 1,038 in Model Ⅱ. The speed of solving was 256.008 seconds in Model Ⅰ and 235.729 seconds in Model Ⅱ. Model Ⅱ had a speed of approximately 10% more than Model Ⅰ. Therefore, it is considered to be much more effective to analyze large data through the improved algorithm than the existing method. If the corresponding program is systemized and utilized for the consulting of farm and industrial services, it would make contribution to the early selection of individual, shorten the generation, and cultivation of superior groups, and help develop the Hanwoo industry further through the improvement of breeding value based enhancement, ultimately paving the way for the country to evolve into an advanced livestock country.
원자력발전소 안전필수시스템 고장허용능력에 대한 자가진단기능 저하 영향 분석
허섭(Seop Hur),황인구(In-Koo Hwang),이동영(Dong-Young Lee),최헌호(Heon-Ho Choi),김양모(Yang-Mo Kim),이상정(Sang-Jeong Lee) 대한전기학회 2010 전기학회논문지 Vol.59 No.8
The safety critical systems in nuclear power plants should be designed to have a high level of fault tolerant capability because those systems are used for protection or mitigation of the postulated accidents of nuclear reactor. Due to increasing of the system complexity of the digital based system in nuclear fields, the reliability of the digital based systems without an auto-test or a self-diagnostic feature is generally lower than those of analog system. To overcome this problem, additional redundant architectures in each redundant channel and self-diagnostic features are commonly integrated into the digital safety systems. The self diagnostic function is a key factor for increasing fault tolerant capabilities in the digital based safety system. This paper presents an availability and safety evaluation model to analyze the effect to the system's fault tolerant capabilities depending on self-diagnostic features when the loss or erroneous behaviors of self-diagnostic function are expected to occur. The analysis result of the proposed model on the several modules of a safety platform shows that the improvement effect on unavailability of each module has generally become smaller than the result of usage of conventional models and the unavailability itself has changed significantly depending on the characteristics of failures or errors of self-diagnostic function.
종돈 품종별 번식형질에 대한 유전모수 및 유전적 개량량 연구
차대협(Dae Hyeop Cha),이지홍(Ji Hong Lee),구양모(Yang Mo Koo) 한국데이터정보과학회 2020 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.31 No.2
국내 양돈산업은 세계 각국과의 경쟁시대 속에서 최근 구제역, 돼지유행성설사병 및 아프리카돼지열병 등 질병이 발생하는 위기상황에 처해있다. 이러한 어려움 속에서 경쟁력을 높이기 위해 그동안 우수한 해외 종돈을 수입하여 개량을 추진해 왔으나 모돈 생산성은 외국 선진국에 비해 여전히 낮은 실정이다. 종돈의 번식형질은 환경의 영향을 많이 받고 유전력이 낮으나 농가의 수입에 영향을 미치는 중요형질이므로 유전모수 및 개량량을 연구하여 종돈 개량에 활용한다면 농장의 생산성 향상과 국가 경쟁력 강화에 도움이 될 것이다. 본 연구에서는 2014년부터 2016년까지 한국종축개량협회의 3개 품종 개체자료 133,798두 자료를 이용하여 농장과 출생년도 및 출생계절을 동기군으로 설정하고 각 형질에 대한 영구 환경효과를 고려한 반복모형식에 적용하여 유전모수 및 육종가 정확도를 추정하였다. 유전모수는 품종 간의 모수 차이를 확인하기 위해 품종별로 모수 추정을 실시하고 추정된 육종가를 이용하여 품종간의 출생년도 및 출생월에 따른 유전적 개량 추세 변화에 대한 연구를 실시하였다. 추정된 각 품종별 유전력을 살펴보면, Landrace종에서 추정된 유전력은 총산자수, 실산자수, 사산두수, 미라두수 및 체중미달두수에서 각각 0.09, 0.08, 0.04, 0.02 및 0.03으로 추정되었으며, Yorkshire종에서 추정된 유전력은 각각 0.09, 0.09, 0.03, 0.04 및 0.03으로 추정되었고 Duroc종에서는 각각 0.12, 0.13, 0.06, 0.06 및 0.06으로 유전력이 추정되었다. 품종에 따른 번식형 질별 출생년도 및 출생월에 따른 유전적 개량량의 월별 변화 추세를 살펴보면 총자산수의 유전적 개량량은 Landrace종, Yorkshire종 및 Duroc종에서 각각 매월 약 -0.001두, 0.003두 및 0.002두의 증가추세를 보여 Yorkshire의 증가 추세가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 실산자수에서는 Landrace종, Yorkshire종 및 Duroc종에서 각각 -0.001두, 0.003두 및 0.001두의 추세를 보였으며 실산자수 역시 Yorkshire종에서 가장 크게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 사산두수에서는 Landrace종, Yorkshire종 및 Duroc종에서 각각 0.001두, -0.000두 및 -0.000두의 추세를 보여 월별로 큰 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났으나 Landrace종에서 다른 품종보다 다소 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 미라두수와 체중미달두수는 Landrace종, Yorkshire종 및 Duroc종에서 모두 월별로 큰 변화가 없었던 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 품종별로 형질이 가지는 유전력과 출생년도 및 월별 개량량을 바탕으로 종돈장의 중장기적 개량 목표를 설정하여 유전적 개량량을 높이고 종돈장의 생산성 및 경영 효율성을 증대시켜 나가야 할 것이다. This study was the Korea Animal Improvement Association’s 3-breed individual data on 133,798 heads from 2014 to 2016 were utilized. Breed-specific heritability was estimated. Monthly change trend in genetic improvement amount according to the year of birth and month of birth for each breed’s reproduction traits was investigated. The genetic improvement amount of number of piglets born in total in the Yorkshire showed the largest increase. The number of piglets born alive also increased the largest in the Yorkshire. The number of stillborn piglets in 3-breed was 0.001 heads, -0.000 heads and -0.000 heads, showing not huge monthly change. But the Landrace showed a slightly bigger decrease than other breeds. The number of mummy piglets and number of underweight piglets in 3-breed all showed no big monthly change. the genetic parameters and improvement amount were analyzed regarding breed-specific reproduction traits and test traits of breeding swine. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the genetic improvement and increase productivity and management efficiency by raising the genetic improvement by setting the mid/long-term improvement targets of breeding swine based on the heredity of each trait and the year of birth and monthly improvement.