Rhizoctonia solani에 의한 스타티스 줄기썩음병

강미형,정동춘,최창학,임회춘,송영주,노태환,이두구,김형무 한국식물병리학회 2009 식물병연구 Vol.15 No.1

Stem rot of perennial statice (Limonium sinuatum) was observed in Unbong, Jeonbuk from 2006 to 2007. Affected plants were randomly distributed in the greenhouses and infection rate was more than 10%. Stem and leaf of statice at soil line were dried and turned brown, initially. As the disease became severe, other stem parts and crowns were turned dark brown and then sunken. The fungal isolates were showed initially white aerial mycelium and turned brown with age. They produced few sclerotia which small, irregularly shaped with pinpoint sized. Mycelia were branched at 90o angles and multinucleate in one cell. The pathogenicity of causal organism was proved according to Koch's postulates. The causal fungus of stem rot was identified as Rhizoctonia solani based on the cultural and morphological characteristics. This is the first report on stem rot of statice by R. solani in Korea. Stem rot of perennial statice (Limonium sinuatum) was observed in Unbong, Jeonbuk from 2006 to 2007. Affected plants were randomly distributed in the greenhouses and infection rate was more than 10%. Stem and leaf of statice at soil line were dried and turned brown, initially. As the disease became severe, other stem parts and crowns were turned dark brown and then sunken. The fungal isolates were showed initially white aerial mycelium and turned brown with age. They produced few sclerotia which small, irregularly shaped with pinpoint sized. Mycelia were branched at 90o angles and multinucleate in one cell. The pathogenicity of causal organism was proved according to Koch's postulates. The causal fungus of stem rot was identified as Rhizoctonia solani based on the cultural and morphological characteristics. This is the first report on stem rot of statice by R. solani in Korea.

농업기술 - 벼 줄무늬잎마름병 매개충 애멸구의 간편 진단기술 개발

강미형,Gang, Mi-Hyeong 전국농업기술자협회 2010 농업기술회보 Vol.47 No.3

벼 종자에서 Acidovorax avenae subsp.avenae 검정을 위한 선택배지

강미형,송완엽,김형무 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 農大論文集 Vol.31 No.1

A semi-selective agar medium (YTA) was developed for the detection of a bacterial brown stripe pathogen, Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenge (Aaa), from rice seeds. The new medium YTA contained yeast extract 9.0 g, tween 80 10.0 mℓ, CaCl2 · H2O 0.6 g, FeSO4 · 7H20 100.0 mg, victoria blue B 40.0 mg, bromthymol blue 15.0 mg, 5-flurouracil 62.5 mg and agar 15.0 g per litter. Colonies of Aaa were 2 - 3 mm in diameter, smooth, round, convex and blue after 4-5 days after incubation at 28℃ ,Aaa strains formed blue colonies with lipid-hydrolysis zone on YTA media containing tween 80, Victoria blue B and bromthymol blue. The blue color with lipid hydrolysis zone was characteristic for the bacterial brown stripe pathogen and used to differentiate colonies of Aaa from those of other bacteria on YTA medium. Addition of 5-flurouracil reduced other bacterial populations on YTA medium. The mean recovery of 8 strains of Aaa on the YTA medium was 96.5 percent in comparison to YDC medium. The other bacteria from rice seed lots on YTA medium was reduced to 70.8 percent of that on YDC medium. We concluded that this agar plating using YTA medium is a simple method of assaying large numbers of rice seed extracts for f. avenae subsp. Avenae

Z정형 명세어를 이용한 클래스 스키마의 유도 및 프로토타이밍

강미형,조영석 동국대학교 경주대학 1999 東國論集 Vol.18 No.-

Software development cost and efforts can be considerably reduced if errors are detected and corrected in the early stages of software development life-cycle. For this purpose, formal languages are frequently recommended in specifying requirements. Object-oriented paradigm is considered as an effective means to build easily manageable software. Therefore, scientists and software engineers have made constant efforts in order to model object classes using Z. Notations and grammar of Z are usually extended to overcome the limitations of traditional Z resulting reduced chances to be applied in the real world programming. In this paper, our focus has made to derive class schemata from the traditional Z without programming. In this paper, our focus has made to derive class schemata from the traditional Z without an extension. Especially, three operators in Z, hiding operator, quantification operator, and projection operator were mainly applied to specify object classes. Fundamental characteristics of object-oriented paradigm are described using class schemata. In oder to prove object classes be successfully derived from class schemata, a prototype was built that converts a class schema into the object-oriented model. Lex and YACC are used for lexical and syntactic analyses, respectively. Further research would be conducted to resolve the automated type and access level assignments. Less important, but still essential, elements of C++ language must also be considered to be described by Z.

일반가정과 시설기관 유아의 기질과 사회적 능력 비교 연구

강미형,문혁준 카톨릭대학교생활과학연구소 2003 생활과학연구논집 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the relationships between temperament and social competence of two groups of children. One subject group was 377 children from intact families, and the other subject group was 112 children from intact families. Both groups of children, living in Seoul and in the suburbs of seoul area, are from three to five years old. The results were as follows: First, there were significant differences in adaptability, reactivity, and emotionality between the children from intact families and the children from the child welfare institutions. Second, there were significant differences in initiation, ability, and sociability between the children from intact families and the children from the child welfare institutions. Third, there were significant relationships between temperament and social competence of the children from intact families and the children from child welfare institutions.

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lagenariae에 의한 박 시들음병(萎凋病)

姜美亨,宋完燁,金炯武,李光植 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1995 農大論文集 Vol.26 No.1

Acute wilting of bottle gourd have occurred recently in watermelon growing areas in Korea. 963 fungal isolates were collected from the bottle gourd seeds, infected watermelon seedlings and grafted bottle gourd stocks. Among them 279 isolates (28%) were identified as Fusarium oxysporum. 9 isolates among 27 ones from bottle gourd seeds, 87 isolates among 246 ones from infected bottle gourd seedlings, 42 isolates among 258 ones from infected watermelon seedlings and 141 isolates among 432 ones from infected grafted rootstocks were identified to be F.oxysporum. F. oxysporum isolated from wilted bottle gourd was identified to be Fusarium oxysporum. f. sp. lagenariae on the basis of morphological characteristics of spores and conidio-phores and of pathogenicity. Infected bottle gourd plants by root-dipping inoculation appeared the acute wilting after 5 days and browning, wilting and then collapsing after 14 days. This pathogen also infected bottle gourd, Sintosa, Donga and Andong cucumber except for watemelon and Haneultari.

친환경자재를 이용한 안개초와 스타티스의 흰가루병 방제

강미형 ( Mi Hyung Kang ),정동춘 ( Dong Chun Cheong ),최창학 ( Chang Hak Choi ),임회춘 ( Hoi Chun Lim ),송영주 ( Young Ju Song ),김형무 ( Hyung Moo Kim ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2012 농업생명과학연구 Vol.43 No.2

전북 운봉 준고냉지지역에서 주로 재배되는 안개초와 스타티스에 발생하는 흰가루병을 방제하기 위하여 친환경자재인 중탄산수소나트륨, 난황유, 미생물제재, 전착제등을 7일 간격으로 3회 골고루 살포하고 최종약제 살포 후 7, 14일째 병진전을 조사하고 방제가를 확인하였다. 안개초 흰 가루병은 중탄산나트륨과 계면활성제(tween #20)의 혼용처리가 가장 효과가 좋았으며 89.2% 방제되었다. 계면활성제, 난황유도 80% 이상 방제되어 효과가 확인되었으나 미생물 제재의 효과는 높지 않았다. 스타티스 흰가루병 역시 중탄산수소나트륨과 계면활성제의 혼합처리가 가장 효율적으로 방제되었다. 안개초와 스타티스 흰가루병 방제를 위해 사용된 약제 모두 약해는 발생하지 않았다. Powdery mildew of gypsophila and statice caused by Oidium sp. is the most serious disease for cut-flower quality in subalphine area, Jeonbuk. This study was carried out to control powdery mildew of gypsophila and statice by biocompatible products. The effects of Sodium bicarbonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitanmonolaurate (tween #20), cooking oil with egg yolk, milk, biofungicides, and surfactant were investigated on Gypsophila paniculata cv. ‘bristol fairy’ and statice (Limonium hybrida cv. ‘ocean blue’) to compare with fenarimol (WP). Among these tested materials, the mixture of sodium bicarbonate with tween #20 was the most effective suppressed powdery mildew on gypsophila and statice. Each application of tween 20 and cooking oil with egg yolk also effectively control powdery mildew on gypsophila and statice. The biofungicides were less effective than fenarimol in gypsophila. These tested chemicals did not cause any toxic effects or residual problems in leaves and stem. It is indicated that a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and tween 20, and cooking oil with egg yolk treatment is a suitable substitutes to control powdery mildew of gypsophila and statice.

최근 벼 흰잎마름병의 레이스 분포양상 및 저항성 유전자원 검정을 위한 혼합 균주

강미형 ( Mi Hyung Kang ),노태환 ( Tae Whan Noh ),이봉춘 ( Bong Choon Lee ),김상민 ( Sang Min Kim ),김형무 ( Hyung Moo Kim ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2015 농업생명과학연구 Vol.46 No.2

Bacterial leaf blight(BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae(Xoo) is a major disease in Rice production. Even though the cultivation of resistant varieties to BLB has been considered one of the ways to control that disease, the problem of this strategy is that resistance can be broken because of new pathogen races being emerged against resistant varieties. Therefore, it is necessary to establish countermeasures to prevent breakdown of rice genetic resistance. Investigations on the distribution and discrimination of race and the first date of BLB incidence in rice fields were conducted as well as representative combinations of mixed-strains were selected for various resistant test to be used on IRBB germplasm for resistance to BLB. The first symptom of BLB spreading rapidly was founded on mid July in Jeonnam province and on early August in Jeonbuk province except for Buan where BLB observed on late July. The occurrence area was 2,345ha in 2012, 5,253 ha in 2013, and 11,677 ha in 2014, showing increasing in incidence over the year. K3 race was dominant from 2012 to 2014 and also showed increased dominance rate from 59.2% to 83.3% in 2012 and 2014, respectively. Most tested strains could infect IR24 and Milyang 23, but no strains could infect IRBB5 and IRBB7 known as resistant variety. Combination 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, and 9 showed strong infectivity on many genetic resources. IRBB 5 and IRBB 7 showed moderate resistance to Combination 12 and IRBB 5 and IRBB 21 showed moderate resistance to Combination 6 and 10.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lagenariae 에 의한 박 시들음병 (위조병 (萎凋病) )

강미형(Mi Hyung Kang),송완엽(Wan Yeob Song),김형무(Hyung Moo Kim),이광식(Kwang Sik Lee) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1995 농업생명과학연구 Vol.26 No.-

전북 친환경 벼 재배지역의 끝동매미충(Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler)의 월동 밀도 및 RDV 보독충률

강미형,백채훈,강석민,이용주,서미자,이건휘 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

끝동매미충은 흡즙에 의한 벼 잎의 황변, 분얼수 감소 및 임실장해 등의 직접적인 피해를 줄뿐만 아니라, 벼 오갈병 바이러스를 매개하는 해충으로 알려져 있다. 2006년 끝동매미충에 의한 벼 오갈병이 발생되어 90%이상의 발병주율을 보였던 전북지역 친환경 벼 재배지역에 발생하는 끝동매미충의 월동 밀도 및 월동충태의 보독충률을 2007년 12월부터 2008년 4월에 걸쳐 조사하여 월동충태의 밀도변화를 예측하여 예찰 및 방제에 이용하는 기초 자료로 활용하고자 실시하였다. 전북 김제시 친환경농업지역에서 월동하는 끝동매미충의 밀도 및 충태 변화를 조사한 결과, 2008년 1월 하순에 0.25m2당 15마리가 채집되어 월동개체군 밀도가 이시기에 가장 높게 나타났으며, 1월부터 3월 중순까지는 월동개체군의 90% 이상이 4령 약충으로 나타났으며, 이후 영기 변화를 보이며 5령 약충의 출현과 함께 4월 상순부터 성충이 발생하는 개체군 충태 변동양상을 보였다. 벼오갈병이 발생하였던 친환경 벼 재배지에서 2008년 1월부터 3월까지 채집된 월동 끝동매미충 보독충률은 벼 오갈병 특이 프라이머인 RDR3 -C20 & RDR3-M40을 이용하여 RT-PCR 검정했을 때 월동 초기인 1월 초에는 4.0%의 보독충률을 보였으며, 3월에 10.3%가 보독되어있었으며, 평균 7.4%의 보독충률을 나타내었다.