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金昌元 광주대학교 1986 광주개방대학 논문집 Vol.3 No.-
In this paper, a new kind of error checking scheme for multioutput combinational circuits and its use for a builtin testing method. In the error-checking logic employed, the output from the circuits being checked is partitioned into several groups. The predicted group parity is compared to that produced from the output in each group. This checking circuit, called a group-parity prediction (GPP) checker, can be implemented systematically. To ensure that the GPP checker is self-Testing, several conditions are required. The self-testing GPP checkers are implemented for some concrete examples of multioutput combinational circuits. Using this self-testing GPP checker, a self-verification testing method, which takes advantage of automatic fault-detection capability of a checker, is shown to be applicable to testing combinational circuits.
유산균제(乳酸菌劑)(LBC , Streptococcus Faecium Cernelle 68) 급여가 송아지의 증체율(增體率)과 설사 예방에 미치는 영향
김창원,맹원재,신형태 한국낙농학회 1987 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.9 No.4
新生 홀스타인 송아지 20두를 各各 5두씩 4개 처리구 〔무처리구(T₁), LBC-1(T₂), LBC-2(T₃), 그리고 LBC-3(T₄)〕로 나누어 분만직후부터 1주일간은 LBC 1호를 1회 2g씩 1일 2회 송아지의 입에 직접 넣어주었고 2주째부터는 이유시까지 全乳에 또는 代用乳 1ℓ에 LBC 1호를 1g씩 혼합하여 급여하였으나 이유후부터는 어린송아지 사료 1㎏ 당 2g의 LBC 2호를 혼합하여 90일령까지 급여한 후 증체율, 사료섭취량 및 사료효율과 설사발생일수를 조사하였으며 그 結果는 다음과 같다. 新生 홀스타인 송아지의 평균 生時體重은 41.2㎏이었으며 90일령의 평균체중은 77.3㎏으로서 1日平均 增體量은 622.2g이었다. LBC 급여는 모든 처리구에서 무처리구보다도 증체율이 높았으며 生後부터 90일까지의 日當增體率은 무처리의 598.89g에 비해 LBC 급여구는 611.11∼640.00g으로 2.04∼6.87%나 높았으며, 總增體量은 무처리구가 53.9㎏이었는데 LBC처리구는 55.0∼57.6㎏으로 1.1㎏∼ 3.7㎏이 더 높았다. 生後부터 90일령까지의 총사료 섭취량(母乳 (乾物)+代用乳(乾物)+어린송아지사료)은 무처리가 110.78㎏ 이었으며 LBC처리구는 108.90∼116.56㎏으로 -1.70%∼5.22%를 나타내었고 飼料要求率은 무처리의 2.06%에 비해 1.94∼2.02㎏으로 1.94∼5.83%가 改善되었다. 生後부터 90일령까지 처리당 5마리의 송아지의 총설사 발생일수는 무처리가 19일이었고 LBC급여구는 10∼11일로서 크게 감소되었으며 가장 설사가 심한 일령은 모든 처리구 모두 8∼36일 범위였다. Effects of the administration of lactic acid bacteria concentrate (LBC, Streptococcus faecium cernelle 68) to dairy calves were investigated with 20 new born Holstein calves. Four treatments and 5 animals per treatments were control and 3 groups of LBC which were only different in carrier. LBC was given directly into the mouth twice a day and 2 g each for the first week and added 1 g/l of whole milk or milk replacer for the second weeks up to weaning, and then LBC was added 2g/㎏ of calf diet and fed up to 90 days. Average birth weight and 90 day body weight of all calves were 41.3 ㎏ and 97.3 ㎏, respectively, and average growth rate was 622.2 g/day. Body weight gains from birth to 90 days were 53.9 ㎏ in the control group and 55.0 - 57.6 ㎏ in the LBC fed groups and average daily gains were 598.89 g in the control group and 611.11 - 640.00 g in the LBC groups which were 2.04 - 6.87% higher than the control. Total feed intakes from birth to 90 days (whole milk (DM) + milk replacer (DM) + calf starter) were 110.78 ㎏ in the control and 108.90 - 116.59 ㎏ in LBC groups and feed conversions were 2.08 ㎏ in control and 1.94 - 2.0 ㎏ in LBC groups which were improved 1.94 - 5.85% over control group. Incidence of souring was highest during 8 to 36 days after birth and were considerably higher in control group as compared with LBC groups.
金昌元,閔勇基 광주대학교 1992 産業技術硏究 Vol.2 No.-
퍼지 推論部의 出力을 이용해 入出力 饋還利得들을 數式化하므로서 시스템의 特性變化에 관계없이 원하는 制御性能을 얻을 수 있는 퍼지 自己調整 制御器를 제안하였다. 提案하는 알고리즘의 優秀性을 알아보기 위해 2次系 시스템을 對象으로 하여 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 遂行하였다. 시뮬레이션 結果, 시스템에 外部雜音이 존재하거나 特性이 변경된 경우에도 매우 양호한 出力應答特性을 얻을 수 있음을 증명하였다. The fuzzy self-adjusting controller to get an desired control performance without concerned the varying of system function, as the equations of plant gains by the output of fuzzy inference mechanism, is studied. In order to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, computer simulation is performed. The object of simulation is the system of the 2nd order. From the simulation results, in the case that the external noise is added and that the system function is varied, the output response of the plant tracks the model output without error.
김창원,박동수,김명규,이정희,강신원,손병기 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1994 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.5 No.1
A Michelson interferometric AC voltage/current sensor has been fabricated by using a single mode optical fiber and a cylindrical PZT of which a radial displacement varies according to applied voltage. A sensor head was fabricated by winding the sensing alai around a cylindrical PZT. An AC voltage, applied to the PZT, could be measured by number of interference fringe variation during one period of AC signal. A primary AC current also could be measured by pick-up coil. The pick-up coil produced a corresponding low level current which was transduced to voltage and applied to the PZT. The measured fringe variation was linearly dependent on the amplitude of the applied voltage but had no relation with frequency. Linear response was obtained in the voltage range of 0~100V.
김창원,김유광 대한신경정신의학회 1988 신경정신의학 Vol.27 No.2
The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of psychodrama in the 18 hospitalized alcoholics who voluntarily participated in psychodrama as protagonist, auxiliary ego or audiance from Feb. 3 to June 2,1987. To measure the therapeutic effect, “the attitude toward others (AO) and the attitude toward self (A S )” scale of Gibson were obtained before and after the experiment. 16 patients who were on the ward during the same period, but did not participate in psychcodrama, served as a control group. The patients’ subjective estimation of the therapeutic factors after psychodrama were also obtained. The results were as follows • 1) The attitude toward drinking was not significantly different between experimental and control group. But more patients in the experimental group thought they had a problem in drinking, and problem driking was a disease. 2) AO score showed statistically significant improvement in the experimental group, but not in control group. 3) AS score showed minimal improvement both in experimental and control group. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups. 4) In the experimental group, 7 items of AO scale and 2 items of AS scale showed statistically meaningful improvement after psychodrama. 5) Patients in the experimental group chose Universality, Altruism and Insight, in that order of importance, as the helpful factors in psychodrama.
Analysis of Activated Sludge Process Upset Due to Filamentous Bulking and Nitrification
金昌元,Ben Koopman 부산대학교 공과대학 1987 硏究報告 Vol.33 No.-
활성 슬러지 공법을 사용하는 하폐수 처리장에서 공장설계 목적 및 운전상황에 비추어 유출수의 BOD_(5) 측정치가 과대히 높은 경우가 있어 그 원인을 규명하고 해결책을 제시하고자 하였다. 하나의 유의한 원인인 팽화 현상은 Type 1701, Thiothrix spp. 및 Type 0041 사상균의 과대성장으로 인하여 발생하였음을 발견하였다. 이러한 사상균들에 의한 팽화현상의 제어를 위하여 장기적인 대책 수립의 필요성과 함께 단기적으로 반송슬러지 염소 주입법이 제안되었다. 유출수의 높은 BOD_(5) 측정치에 관련된 다른 하나의 원인은 BOD 실험시에 발생된 질산화 반응임이 Nitrite 및 Nitrate 농도의 측정으로 확인되었다. 질산화 박테리아의 근원을 찾아내기 위하여 2회에 걸쳐 각 1주씩 유의한 몇 개의 시료 채취 장소에서 유출수 시료를 채취하여 BOD_(5) 측정치를 비교하였다. 그 결과 질산화 박테리아의 근원은 현장에 설치된 유출수의 시료 채취시설임을 발견하였다. BOD 실험시 질산화 박테리아가 시료와 함께 유입되는 것을 방지하기 위하여 현장 시료 채취시설의 정기적인 소득 및 세척의 필요성이 제안되었다.
김창원,민용기,장동환 광주대학교 1998 産業技術硏究 Vol.11 No.-
본 논문에서는 BT와 ST의 몰비를 변화하여 BST 세라믹 캐패시터를 제작하여 온도와 전압의 변화에 따른 정전용량의 안정성을 연구하였다. BST 세라믹 캐패시터의 구조적 특성인 수축률, 기공률, 소결밀도는 SrTiO3의 혼합비가 10[mol%]인 BST1에서 가장 양호한 특성을 나타냈고, 세라믹 캐패시터의 입자크기도 12.40[㎛]로 우수한 입자성장률을 보였다. BST 세라믹 캐패시터는 인가전압에 따른 정전용량의 변화율이 SrTiO3 양에 따라서 3.04∼3.98[%]로 전압변화에 대해 안정된 정전용량 특성을 얻었다. This paper was presented to BaTiO3-SrTiO3(BST) ceramic capacitor for high voltage. Structural and electrical properties of BaTiO3-SrTiO3 ceramic capacitor were observed according to SrTiO3 contents. As the result of investigation, the BST1 ceramic capacitor was shown to good structural properties in the shrinkage, open porosity and sintering density. The BST1 ceramic capacitor was shown to stable dielectric properties in 25∼85[℃]. According as supplied voltage was increased, relative permittivity of specimen was varied in 3.04∼3.98[%].