Analysis on the Cases of Railroad Traffic Response and the Future Strategies Under CORONA-19

박은경 J-INSTITUTE 2020 International Journal of Human & Disaster Vol.5 No.2

Purpose: The first half of this year began with an unprecedented infection crisis called a novel coronavirus. As of July 2020, the number of infections with Corona 19 that has spread worldwide has exceeded 15 million, and the number of deaths has exceeded 620,000. As the infection rate of the novel coronavirus has accelerated, the World Health Organization(WHO) has declared an international public health crisis for the new coronavirus infec-tious disease in order to jointly respond to the international community. Invisible virus infection speed is so fast that epidemiological investigation is impossible, and if it is connected to transportation, it spreads rapidly to a large area and is very threatening. Method: This study collected data on the transport performance before and after Corona 19. First, in order to analyze the impact of the corona 19 epidemic on the railroad transportation sector, data on changes in transport performance of high-speed rail and general railroads were collected while continuously monitoring the counter-measures of Korea's leading railroad operating organization. In addition, data on changes in subway traffic were collected by monitoring the step-by-step emergency response measures of Seoul Transportation Corporation, which has 7-8 million subway users per day. Through this, data of the anti-virus system of overseas subway oper-ating agencies and Seoul Transportation Corporation were collected and compared and analyzed. Since Corona 19 traffic trends are expected to change a lot, foreign metropolitan cities are implementing new traffic policies to cope with the daily life changed to Corona 19. Therefore, this study proposed a plan to improve the convenience of service through untect technology and the establishment of a safety prevention system to improve the reliabil-ity of railroad traffic in order to more safely and efficiently operate mass transport and long distance transport, which are the strengths of railroads after Corona 19. Results: All hospitality facilities of the railway used by unspecified people are intensively quarantined several times a day, and in the case of general trains, contact between customers is minimized by prioritizing the window side of the left and right seats. In order to prevent crowds of customers during rush hour and weekends, the num-ber of trains was reduced. As a result, the number of cases of COVID-19 infection on urban railways and high-speed railways is close to zero. Declined to 48%, hitting the overall volume and sales. Conclusion: Most cities are in a situation where they cannot function without rail traffic. As the importance of quarantine of transportation means emerges due to the Corona 19 virus, customized measures for each means of transportation such as buses and subways that have changed in the post-corona era are needed. A long-term and sustainable strategy should be prepared to prevent virus infection in the railroad transportation field, which is one of the pillars of public transportation, and to ensure people's right to move safely.

The Effect of Parents’ Child-Rearing Attitudes on High School Students’ English Learning Motivation and Achievement

박은경,김태영 현대영어교육학회 2015 현대영어교육 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of parents’ four-types of child-rearing attitudes (i.e., acceptance, rejection, autonomy, control) on Korean high school student's English-learning motivation and their English achievement. A total of 250 high school students participated in this survey study. The results indicated that father’s child-rearing attitudes made significant differences in high school students’ four types of English-learning motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, ideal L2 selves, and ought-to L2 selves). However, mother’s child-rearing attitudes did not bear any statistical differences among the four types of English-learning motivation. Second, both father’s and mother’s child-rearing attitudes made no significant differences in students’ English achievement. Third, there existed significant statistical differences in parents’ child-rearing attitudes between high English proficiency group and low proficiency one. This study indicates that father’s active intervention in their children’s English learning is more important than that of their mothers.

피보험자의 서면동의 없는 타인의 생명보험계약에 대한 보험자의 책임

박은경 한국상사판례학회 1999 상사판례연구 Vol.10 No.1

시뮬레이션 기법을 통한 장비 능력과 컨테이너 터미널 생산성 간의 상관관계 도출

박은경,이찬희,하병현 한국경영과학회 2007 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.05

Virginia Woolf’s In/Visible Cities: A Reading of Woolf's London Essays

박은경 한국제임스조이스학회 2011 제임스조이스저널 Vol.17 No.2

Virginia Woolf’s vision of the city in her London essays departs from male modernists’ perceptions of a modern city. While T. S. Eliot and James Joyce often reduce the metropolis merely to a space for abstract and general psychological dramas, with their main concerns about urban evils and social pathology, Woolf does not focus on urban ugliness but embraces diverse aspects of city life and their abundance. I unfold a reading of Woolf’s London stories in parallel with Italo Calvino’s Invisible Cities. Both writers pay attention to the heterogeneous urban space, uncovering its fascinating and unattractive in/visible cities. Their phantasmagoric vision of the city is that of a modern metropolis that cannot be unitary, standardized, unchangeable, or immortal. However, Woolf does not share Calvino’s sense of urban blues and his apocalyptic vision of the city. As an urban flâneuse, Woolf enjoys the flitting, fragmented moments of street encounters in twisted streets. She celebrates human connectedness and glorifies subversive freedom in city streets. Observed with “an enormous eye,” not the egocentric “I,” Woolf’s London emerges as a dynamic, charming space, in its bustle and chaos, coloured with her own idiosyncratic, but, at the same time, starkly realistic vision. The eye of an urban haunter marks in/visible, heterogeneous mutipli-city, layer upon layer, in London. Woolf opens up the possibility of and necessity for ceaseless narratives about the modern city. To explore the urban blessings and vitality, travelling with Woolf, might be helpful in renewing our appreciation of the 21st century metropolises. Her guidance and inspiration allow us to restore life to dying cities, while being ceaselessly attentive to urban phenomena that can be easily degenerated by our abuse.

흉부 촬영시 심음영 확대에 따른 유용성에 관한 연구

박은경,이건영,정용태,동경래,지연상,Park, Eun-Gyung,Lee, Kun-Young,Jung, Young-Tae,Dong, Kyung-Rae,Ji, Youn-Sang 대한디지털의료영상학회 2010 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지 Vol.12 No.2

In order to demonstrate the value of long-distance radiography, we have studied how distance affects images in chest frontal radiography and compared short-distance and long-distance images in chest lateral radiography. Cardiothoracic ratio(CTR %) of 50 patients with no disease in the chest(10 each at the age of 20~60) were evaluated in Supine AP(100 cm), Sitting AP(100 cm), Sitting AP(180 cm), and Erect PA(180 cm). In lateral radiography, we evaluated and compared left lateral radiography(100 cm and 180 cm) of the patients based on the horizontal maximum of the heart. The average value of CTR(%) were 0.48 in Erect PA(180 cm), 0.52 in Supine AP(100 cm), 0.50 in Sitting AP(100 cm), 0.49 in Sitting AP(180 cm), which were Supine AP(100 cm) > Sitting AP(100 cm) > Sitting AP(180 cm) > Erect PA(180 cm). The average value of Maximum transverse diameter of left of the cardiac(MLD), which showed how much axis of spine was slanted to the left, was 90.67 mm in Erect PA(180 cm), 103.92 mm in Supine AP(100 cm), 93.54 mm in Sitting(100 cm), 89.84 mm in Sitting AP(180 cm), 58.11 mm in the minimum value and 118.79 mm in the maximum value. The average value of Maximum transverse diameter of right side of the cardiac(MRD), which suggested how much axis of spine was slanted to the right, was 47.18 mm in Erect PA(180 cm), 48.12 mm in Supine AP(100 cm), 44.98 mm in Sitting AP(180 cm), and the minimum value 26.84 mm and the maximum value 65.30 mm. There was no standard method to calculate; therefore, the horizontal maximum of the heart was used for lateral radiography. The average value was 121.07 mm in 100 cm and 109.76 mm in 180 cm. Sitting AP(180 cm) among the types was closest to C-PA(180 cm). As a result, during C-AP radiography, long-distance radiography lessened shadow of the heart more than that of short distance, Sitting position more than Supine position.

군 병사의 자살관련행동에 따른 적응 특성: 병사용 적성적응도 검사를 중심으로

박은경,최광현 한국상담학회 2014 상담학연구 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to find out the differences between the suicide-related behaviors the adjustment characteristics and profiles and determine the most influential adjustment characteristic to distinguish suicide-related behaviors. The Military Aptitude-adjustment test is a psychological screening test to detect the maladjustment soldier once or twice a year. First of all, we have reclassified completed suicide(N=79), suicidal attempt(N=82), suicidal ideation(N=270), and control group(N=231) of soldiers. And then we have seen the difference in adjustment characteristics between groups, and performed the hierarchy logistic regression analysis. The result was showed that groups of suicide-related behavior were statistically significant different for adjustment characteristics, such as Person-Organization Fit, Cooperation, Aggression/Impulsivity, Depression/Hopelessness, Reality Testing, and Self-Esteem. In particular, the adjustment profiles were similar in the completed suicidal soldiers and the suicidal ideation soldiers, but the profile was different from suicide attempt soldier. As a result of logistic regression, the significant predictive determinants was Depression/hopelessness, Self-Esteem, and Reality Testing in order to distinguish suicide-related behaviors and the control group. In addition, the significant predictive determinants was Person-Organization Fit, Reality Testing, and Aggression/Impulsivity in order to distinguish the completed suicide/suicide ideation and the suicide attempt soldiers. Therefore, this study is meaningful to provide a basis for scales analysis and for prevent suicide in military. 본 연구의 목적은 군 병사의 자살관련행동에 따른 적성적응도 검사에서의 적응 특성 차이 및 프로파일을 살펴보고, 자살관련행동을 구분하는데 있어 가장 영향력이 있는 적응 특성을 확인하고자 함이다. 적성적응도 검사란 자대복무 단계에서 부적응하는 병사를 선별하기 위해 하사 이하 전 병사들을 대상으로 연 1회 내지 2회 시행되고 있는 심리검사이다. 본 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해 자살관련행동에 따라 완결된 자살(79명), 자살시도(82명), 자살충동(270명), 일반병사(231명) 집단을 재분류하여 집단 간의 적응 특성 차이를 살펴보았으며, 위계적 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 자살관련행동 집단 간 조직생활적합성, 집단협동성, 공격성/충동성, 우울감/절망감, 현실검증력, 자아존중감에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 완결된 자살 병사집단과 자살충동 병사집단의 적응척도 프로파일은 유사한 형태를 보였으나 자살시도 병사집단의 적응척도 프로파일은 이질적인 형태를 보였다. 또한 위계적 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 자살관련행동 병사집단과 일반 병사집단을 구분하는데 있어 우울감/절망감, 자아존중감, 현실검증력 순으로 유의미한 예측력을 보였으며, 완결된 자살 및 자살충동 병사집단과 자살시도 집단을 구분하는데 있어서는 조직생활 적합성, 현실검증력, 공격성/충동성 순으로 유의미한 예측력을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 전군에서 시행하는 적성적응도 검사의 척도 활용에 대한 근거를 제공하고, 병사들의 자살관련행동을 예방하기 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 의의가 있다.

정신분열증 환자를 위한 운동처방 사례

박은경 대한운동학회 2003 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.- No.14

웃음의 표본실. 하이네의 「역사 이야기」 연구

박은경 한국독어독문학교육학회 2023 獨語敎育 Vol.87 No.87

신분 전복, 유령들, 참수 형리, 동물 모티프 등, 「역사 이야기 Historien」 전체를 관통하는 여러 모티프 가운데 하나가 웃음의 모티프이다. 독자는 여기에서 갖가지 뉘앙스와 색채의 웃음과 마주하게 된다. 처음부터 폭소가 터져 나오는 「역사 이야기」는 가히 ‘웃음의 표본실’이라 이름할 수 있다. 그러나 이 웃음은 대부분 부지불식간에 유쾌하게 따라 웃고 싶은 웃음이 아니다. 그것은, 예컨대 리트케의 주장처럼, “답습된 지배상황의 연속성에 대한, 「역사 이야기」의 근본 주제인 역사에서 ‘나쁜 자’의 승리에 대한 음흉하게 의기양양한, 추악한 주석”(Liedtke 2004, 19)이다. 웃음의 모티프는 위트나 유머와 관련이 있기보다는 “‘잘못된’ 역사의 진행에 대한 주석”(Liedtke 2004, 19)으로 사용되는 것이다. 그렇다면 「역사 이야기」의 코믹/희극성은 웃음의 모티프 ‘저편’에 놓여 있을 것이다. 이 글에서는 『로만체로 Romanzero』의 “첫 번째 책”인 「역사 이야기」의 개별 시에서 어떤 웃음이 어떻게 사용되고 있는지 구체적으로 살펴보고, 웃음의 모티프와 직결되지 않는 코믹/희극성이 어디에 잠재해 있는지, 어떤 부분에서 발생하는지도 함께 탐색해보겠다. Die vorliegende Studie beschäftigt sich mit dem Motiv des Lachens in Heines Historien. Das erste Buch von Heines Romanzero ist eine Art Kabinett des Lachens, da man unterschiedlichste Sorten von Lachen mit verschiedenen Facetten und Nuancen begegnen kann. Das Motiv des Lachens wird in den Historien als Zeichen des erotischen Spiels (Rhampsenit, Schelm von Bergen, Valkyren), der Freude der Könige über ihre gesicherte Macht und ihren märchenhaften Reichtum (Der weiße Elephant, König David), der Trunkenheit des allgemeinen Goldrausches (Das goldene Kalb), des Spotts der makabren Gräfin über die Liebesbeschwörung der Ritter (Pfalzgräfin Jutta), der geheimen Mittäterschaft des grausamen Priesters mit dem mexikanischen Sonnengott (Vitzliputzli) usw. eingesetzt. Das heitere Lachen des jüdischen Apollos ist dagegen als ein Zeichen der freigeistigen Unbefangenheit gegenüber jedweder Religion und heuchlerischer Moral zu bewerten (Der Apollogott), das unheimliche Lächeln des Köhlerkindes als die Verkündung der revolutionären, grauenhaften Zukunft (Carl I.), und das bittere Lachen des Dichters als Enttäuschung angesichts der doppelten Betrügerei des Königs mit Wort und Schweigen (Der Dichter Firdusi). Vom Lachen der ägyptischen Prinzessin und ihres Gefolges bis zum Grinsen des Priesters des mexikanischen Sonnengottes, nicht jedes Lachen ist so beschaffen, dass es auch die Leser ohne weiteres zum heiteren Mitlachen anregt. Die Komik jedes einzelnen Textes liegt an einer anderen Stelle als dort, wo gerade im Text Lachen erschallt. Die Komik liegt zum Beispiel in der Diskrepanz zwischen Inhalt und Form, zwischen Gesagtem und Gemeintem und auch dort, wo die Sphäre des Geistes und der Seele mit dem Alltäglichen, dem Körperlichen, dem Materiellen kollidiert und dadurch in Zweifel gebracht und ad absurdum geführt wird.

‘물’과 ‘말’의 전력 질주 - 괴테의 「마술 도제」 연구

박은경 한국독어독문학교육학회 2022 獨語敎育 Vol.84 No.84

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, wie Goethe das Material aus Lukians Der Lügenfreund oder der Ungläubige in Der Zauberlehrling thematisch, formal und sprachlich verarbeitet hat. Die Geschichte von Eukrates in Der Lügenfreund, worin die von der Vernunft gesteuerte Weltansicht allerlei magisch-fantastische Geschichten umschließt, die ein irrationales und mysteriöses Weltbild widerspiegeln, ist ihrerseits schon sehr witzig, anziehend und fantasiereich. Aber diese Vorlage vermittelt nur das Wesentliche des bizzaren Zaubergeschehens mit unerwartet chaotischem Ausgang in knapper Prosa. Die antike Vorlage wurde bei Goethe als ein prachtvolles und lebendiges Drama des Chaos wiedergeboren, das sich im Schatten des mittelalterlichen Christentums abspielt und unter der Regie des Balladendichters Goethe vortrefflich in Szene gesetzt wird. Wenn Goethe versucht hätte, als Balladendichter seine Größe als ,Meister‘ zu zeigen, so geschah dies auf einem Umweg über kompositorische Raffinesse und lebhafte Farbgebung des ganzen Gedichts, nicht auf direktem Weg über den Inhalt des Gedichts. Die poetische Form, die ,der Zauberkünstler der Sprache‘ mit Fingerspitzengefühl geschaffen hat, wird durch seine Zaubersprüche zum Leben erweckt. Der Wettlauf von ,Wasser‘ und ,Wort‘ bezaubert gleich das Herz des Lesenden und zieht ihn in einen Strudel von Ereignissen und Emotionen, die sich ständig ändern. Der Wasserschwall, der fortwährend wächst, sich ergießt und überläuft, und der Wortschwall, der, anstatt des vergessenen knappen Zauberworts, verwirrt und hastig aus dem Mund des Lehrlings hervorströmt, stehen fast im direkten Verhältnis zueinander und spiegeln sich gegenseitig. 「마술 도제」에 담긴 이야기는 어느 날 시인의 머릿속에 불현듯 떠오른 것이 결코 아니다. 잘 알려져 있듯이 고대 그리스의 풍자작가이자 못 말릴 익살꾼인 사모사타의 루키아노스가 「거짓말 애호가 혹은 회의가 Der Lügenfreund oder der Ungläubige」에서 이미 괴테의 시에 담긴 이야기의 골자를 빠짐없이 제공하고 있다. 괴테는 1788년에 출간된 빌란트 Wieland의 번역본을 통해 이 작품을 접했다 한다(Vgl. Wild 1996, 293). 이 글은 흔히 ‘교훈적’ 발라데의 범주에 포함되곤 하는 괴테의 「마술 도제」를 상호텍스트적 맥락에서 촘촘히 살펴보고 이 시를 고전주의적 사상의 반영, 인간 자율성의 지향에 대한 경고 운운하는 낡은 범주에 넣지 않고 새롭게 해석해볼 수 있는 방향이 무엇일지 모색해보고자 한다.