A Study of the Content Validity of Reading Comprehension Tests in NMET II

Zhen-Jie Liu,Ming-Hao Jin 대한언어학회 2018 언어학 Vol.26 No.4

Liu, Zhen-Jie & Jin, Ming-Hao. (2018). A study of the content validity of reading comprehension tests in NMET II. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 26(4), 103-124. Based on Bachman and Palmer’s (1996) framework of task characteristics, this paper aims to compare the reading comprehension tests of the 2013-2017 National Matriculation English Test II (NMET II) with the requirements of the New Curriculum Standards and Testing Syllabus, in particular, concerning the content validity of the tests in terms of the characteristics of input and expected responses. The implications of this study are discussed for test designers, teachers, and students. The results show that reading comprehension tests from 2013 to 2017 basically meet the requirements of the New Curriculum Standard and Testing Syllabus and have a high content validity. In terms of the characteristics of input, the length, reading speed, and readability of comprehension passages are appropriate for students; however, the distribution of topics and genres in each year is uneven. In terms of the characteristics of expected responses, the wordings of questions and the design of question items are reasonable. However, the response type is mainly restricted to selected response questions (multiple-choice), and the measure of reading skills coverage is unbalanced.

Synergistic Effect of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

( Zhen Zhen Lian ),( Xiao Jing Yin ),( Hua Li ),( Li Li Jia ),( Xiu Zhen He ),( Yong Bo Yan ),( Nai Hua Liu ),( Ka Yiu Wan ),( Xiao Kun Li ),( Shao Qiang Lin ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.1

Background: Diabetic wounds are a major clinical challenge, because minor skin wounds can lead to chronic, unhealed ulcers and ultimately result in infection, gangrene, or even amputation. Studies on bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and a series of growth factors have revealed their many benefits for wound healing and regeneration. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may improve the environment for BMSC development and differentiation. However, whether combined use of BMSCs and PRP may be more effective for accelerating diabetic ulcer healing remains unclear. Objective: We investigated the efficacy of BMSCs and PRP for the repair of refractory wound healing in a diabetic rat model. Methods: Forty-eight rats with diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin were divided into four groups: treatment with BMSCs plus PRP, BMSCs alone, PRP alone, phosphate buffered saline. The rate of wound closure was quantified. A histopathological study was conducted regarding wound depth and the skin edge at 7, 14, and 28 days after surgery. Results: Wound healing rates were significantly higher in the BMSC plus PRP group than in the other groups. The immunohistochemistry results showed that the expression of platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and transforming growth factor-β1 increased significantly in the BMSC plus PRP group compared to the other treatment groups. On day 7, CD68 expression increased significantly in the wounds of the BMSC plus PRP group, but decreased markedly at day 14 compared to the controls. Conclusion: The combination of BMSCs and PRP aids diabetic wound repair and regeneration. (Ann Dermatol 26(1) 1∼10, 2014)

Quantitative Identification of Near-Fault Ground Motions Based on EEMD

Zhen Liu,Xiaolong Li,Zhe Zhang 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.3

To overcome this difficulty, this paper proposes a near-fault ground motion identification method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD). Compared with other near-fault identification methods, such as near-fault ground motion identification method based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD), this method can accurately obtain the low-frequency signal of ground motion, and then identify near-fault ground motion more accurately. To verify the quality of near-fault ground motions identified by near-fault ground motions based on EEMD, the fault distance, pulse period and acceleration response of near-fault ground motions are analyzed. It is found that the near-fault ground motions obtained by EEMD can effectively avoid the misidentification of near-fault ground motions, and the identified near-fault ground motions have stronger near-fault characteristics.

ATP6V0d2 Suppresses Alveoli Macrophage Alternative Polarization and Allergic Asthma via Degradation of PU.1

Liu Na,Feng Yuchen,Liu Huicheng,Wu Wenliang,Liang Yuxia,Li Pingfei,Wei Zhengping,Wu Min,Tang Zhao-Hui,Han Junyan,Cheng Xiang,Liu Zheng,Laurence Arian,Li Huabin,Zhen Guohua,Yang Xiang-Ping 대한천식알레르기학회 2021 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.13 No.3

Purpose Macrophages are important regulators of environmental allergen-induced airway inflammation and asthma. ATP6V0d2 is a subunit of vacuolar ATPase highly expressed in macrophages. However, the functions of ATP6V0d2 in the regulation of pathogenesis of allergic asthma remain unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the function and related molecular mechanisms of macrophage protein ATP6V0d2 in allergic asthma. Methods We compared the disease severity between female C57BL/6 wild-type and ATP6V0d2−/− mice in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. We also investigated the association of expression of ATP6V0d2, PU.1 and CCL17 with disease severity among asthmatic patients. Results The expression of ATP6V0d2 in sputum cells of asthmatic patients and in the lungs of OVA-challenged mice was enhanced compared to healthy subjects and their counterparts, respectively. However, ATP6V0d2-deficient mice exaggerated inflammatory cell infiltration as well as enhanced alternative activated macrophage (AAM) polarization and mucus production in an OVA-induced asthma model. Furthermore, we found that Atp6v0d2 promoted lysosomal degradation of Pu.1, which induced AAM polarization and Ccl17 production. Among asthma patients, ATP6V0d2 expression was inversely associated with disease severity, whereas PU.1 and CCL17 expression was positively associated with disease severity. Conclusions Our results identify macrophage Atp6v0d2, as an induced feedback inhibitor of asthma disease severity by promoting Pu.1 lysosomal degradation, which may in turn leads to reduced AAM polarization and Ccl17 production.

Research on Vibration Saltation of the Transformer Core Caused by DC Bias of Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition

Zhen Shaoming,Liu Chenliang,Liu Xingmou 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.2

This paper presents a time–frequency analysis of the vibration of transformer under direct current (DC) bias through Hilbert– Huang transform (HHT). First, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) process, which is the key in HHT, was introduced. The results of EMD, namely, intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), were calculated and summed by Hilbert transform (HT) to obtain time-dependent series in a 2D time–frequency domain. Next, the theory of DC bias for the transformer was analyzed. In consideration of the DC bias eff ect and in combination with the existing transformer vibration-related mechanism, the electromagnetic force equations of the transformer core were deduced. Lastly, a test system of vibration measurement for the transformer was set up. Three direction (x, y, and z axes) components of core vibration were measured. Decomposition of EMD and HHT spectra showed that vibration strength increased, and odd harmonics were produced with DC bias. This method illustrates the most obvious vibration distortion in the z-axis direction when the transformer is DC biased. Among them, the distortion of IMF3 has increased by more than 5 times. However, the distortion in the x-axis and y-axis directions also exists, but it is not obvious. Especially, 50 Hz component appeared in z-direction, 50 Hz component increased twofold in y-direction, and 150 Hz component increased threefold in z-direction. Results indicated that HHT can not only provide the occurrence time of DC bias but can also obtain the signal change components of the transformer vibration. Thus, HHT is a viable signal processing tool for transformer health monitoring.

The Components of Cacalia tangutica

Liu, Zhen-Ling,Tian, Xuan Korean Chemical Society 2004 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.25 No.7

Overlapping Stents-Assisted Coiling for Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysm : LVIS Stent within Neuroform EZ Stent

Liu, Xing-Long,Wang, Bin,Zhao, Lin-Bo,Jia, Zhen-Yu,Shi, Hai-Bin,Liu, Sheng The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2022 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.65 No.4

Objective : To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an overlapped stenting-assisted coiling technique in treating vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm (VADA) via Low-profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS) stent-within-Neuroform EZ stent. Methods : From January 2017 to June 2019, 18 consecutive patients with VADAs (ruptured : unruptured=5 : 13) were treated with the overlapping stents assisted-coiling technique in our center. The overlapping manner was a Neuroform EZ stent being deployed first, followed by LVIS stents placement using the 'shelf' technique. The patients' clinical characteristics, technical feasibility and safety, and immediate and follow-up angiographic results were retrospectively reviewed. Results : Seventeen (94.4%) procedures were technically successful with an exact deployment of the stents and patent parent or perforator arteries. The immediate angiographies after procedure confirmed Raymond class I, II, and III occlusion of VADAs were in 12 (66.7%), two (11.1%), and four cases (22.2%), respectively. Post-procedural complications developed in one patient (5.6%) with minor brainstem infarctions, which resulted from an in-stent thrombosis during the procedure. Angiographic follow-up at 5.7 months (range 3 to 9 months) demonstrated Raymond class I and II occlusion were in all cases (100%). The modified Rankin Scale scores at 21.3 months (range 15 to 42 months) 0-2 in 17 cases (94.4%) and three in one case (5.6%). Conclusion : Overlapping stents via LVIS stent-within-Neuroform EZ stent combined with coiling is safe and effective for patients with VADA in the midterm results.

The Sesquiterpenes from Cacalia tangutica

Liu, Zhen Ling,Liu, Qing,Tian, Xuan Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.2

Massive Rural-to-Urban Migration of Young Adults and Health Inequality among Older Parents in China

Zhen liu 한국사회학회 2018 한국사회학회 심포지움 논문집 Vol.2018 No.5

Automatic Deep Web Query Results User Satisfaction Evaluation with Click-through Data Analysis

Zhen Liu,Yong Feng,Huijuan Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.8 No.5