1998년과 2007년 사이 12∼13세 남녀 청소년의 체격, 골격성숙도, 체력 비교

송종국(Jong Kook Song),채서연(Seo Yeon Chae),채주희(Joo Hee Chae),김현배(Hyun Bae Kim),강효정(Hyo Jung Kang) 한국사회체육학회 2008 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.34

The purpose of the present investigation was to compare physique, skeletal maturation and physical fitness in Korean adolescents measured between 1998 and 2007. Subjects participated in the study were a total of 473 Korean adolescents aged 12 to 13 years. In 1998, 349 adolescents were selected from a middle school, located in Sungnam city and 124 middle school students aged 12-13, located in Yongin city were participated in 2007. All measurements were conducted by one of the reseachers (Jong-Kook Song) with two different group of investigators between 1998 and 2007. Anthropometric characteristics were body mass, body height, sitting height, circumferences taken at sites of upper arm, flexed upper arm, chest, waist, hip, thigh, and calf, bone breadth taken at the sites of humerus, and femur, skinfold thicknesses taken at the sites of triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, thigh and medial calf. Skeletal maturity was assessed by TW3 (Tanner et al., 2001). Maturity scores for Radius-Ulna-Short bones (RUS) and bone age were calculated. Physical fitness parameters included flamingo balance, sit and reach, grip strength, sit-ups, standing long jump, bent arm hang, 50m shuttle run and multi-stage shuttle run. All data were analyzed by SAS Enterprise 3.0. Means and standard deviations were calculated by descriptive statistics. Independent t-test was applied to compare dependent variables between measurements. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results of the study showed that male adolescents aged 12-13years in 2007 had significantly higher (p<0.0001) femur diameter than adolescents in 1998. Male adolescents in 2007 had higher (p<0.05) chest, waist and calf circumferences than those of adolescents in 1998. Although no difference were found for RUS and bone age in males adolescents between 1998 and 2007 female adolescents in 2007 were significantly delayed for their skeletal maturity level compared to female adolescents in 1998. For physical fitness parameters male adolescents aged 12 years in 2007 performed better for flamingo balance (p<0.01), and 50m shuttle run (p<0.05) than those of adolescents in 1998. However, stand long jump and bent arm hang were significantly decreased in male adolescents in 2007. Female adolescents aged 12-13 years in 2007 had significantly higher flamingo balance, but female adolescents aged 12 years in 2007 performed significantly less for standing long jump (p<0.0001), bent arm hang (p<0.001) and speed (p<0.05) than those of female adolescents in 1998. In conclusions this study suggest that chest circumference for both male and female adolescents in 2007 was significantly higher than those in 1998. Skeletal maturity for female adolescents in 2007 were significantly delayed compared to female adolescents in 1998. Further study is needed to evaluate consistent various.

아동기 어린이들의 신체활동 프로그램 참여가 체격 및 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향

송종국,이은희 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a physical activity program on body she and physical performance in preschool children aged 5 years, Subjects consisted of 60 children including 30 children participated in physical activity program and 30 children attending private kindergarten as a control group. Anthropometric characteristics were body height, body weight and chest circumference. Physical performance included sit and reach long jump, shuttle run 20m one foot balance, and leg lift. All statistical analysis were carried out by the SAS computer programs, The results showed that significant increases (p<.001) can be obtained for body height, body weight and chest circumference for both groups between pre and post exercise. However, there were no differences for those variables between exercise group and control group in both pre and post exercise. For physical performance parameters exercise group showed significant increase (p<.001) for sit & reach, long jump, one foot balance and 20m shuttle run between pre and post exercise. Also, significant increase were found for flexibility (p<.01), power (p<.05) and agility (p<.05) in control group, For all variables exercise group have higher mean values than control group in post exercise. This study suggest that participation in physical activity program during childhood can influence positively physical performance.

하이드록시아파타이트 분말의 열분해 및 용해 거동

송대성,이종국 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2004 生産技術硏究 Vol.26 No.1

Commercial hydroxyapatite (HA) powders were calcined at the temperature range of 1000-1350℃ in air and the calcined powders were immersed in pH 7.4 distilled water at 37℃ for 3, 7 or 14 days. Decomposition and related dissolution behaviors of hydroxyapatite were investigated by XRD, FT-IR. and TEM observation. HAp initiated to decompose to TCP (Tricalcium phosphate) and TTCP (Tetracalcium phosphate) phase at 1350℃ and these non-stoichiometric phases induced the dissolution of hydroxyapatite powders due to the high solubility of TCP and TTCP.

肥滿의 藥物治療에 關한 東西醫學的 考察

金鍾國,吳旼錫,宋泰元 대전대학교 한의학연구소 2002 혜화의학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Objective : The purpose of this study is to find out the mutual relationship with oriental medication and western medication of obesity Results : 1. Medicational efficacy on obesity is controled by three thing - weight decrease, food intake acting, energy consumption. 2. Western medication is sorted Appetite inhibiter. Food absorption inhibiter and Heat making promoter. 3. Oriental medication is sorted the xu(虛:deficiency) and the shi(實:excess). medication of xu and shi is sorted various method each other. 4. Appetite inhibiter and Food absorption inhibiter of western medication is related to Enrich the blood and Enrich yin(補血養陰) of oriental medication. Heat making promoter of western medication is related to Invigorate vital energy and Invigorate the spleen(補氣健脾) and Warm yang(溫陽). 5. Medication of shi of oriental medication is difficult to find in western medication.

한국 프로농구 선수들의 성격 특성에 관한 조사 연구

이종희,송왕국 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 2001 體育學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

The aim of the study is examining the influence of elementary schoolchildren's Taekwondo training on their sense of self-respects. The subjects of the study are the boy students of the fourth, fifth, and sixth school year of elementary schools in Seoul at the present time, and the method of sampling from the population is the multi-stage cluster sampling. The way of data gathering is that let the subjects write out questionnaires using the self-evaluation recording, and the 326 person's data on material examination process is analyzed by IBM PC SAS Package. The methods of analysis include the confidence level verification by sub-areas, examination of questionnaires, re-examination of confidence level, computing the average and the standard deviation by each of 4 self-respects areas unitary variable quantities analysis and the Tukey's post data verification. The results of the study over the influence of elementary schoolchildren's Taekwondo training on their sense of self-respects from the methodologies and process above draw conclusions like follows: 1. The fifth school year students gained the highest mark following the fourth, and the sixth school year in the whole, social, home, and school life senses of self-respect by school year, but the differences among them are meaningless statistically. 2. The training students marked higher than the training experienced students in the whole, social, home, and school life senses of self-respect by whether they have trained or not, but the differences among them are meaningless statistically. 3. According to the grades, the meaningful differences between the Poom(senior grade) holders and the Keup(junior grade) holders(p=0.0009) was showed in the whole senses of self-respect, and the social senses of self-respect was differed much between the Poom holders and 8-4 Keup holders(p=0.0058), the home life senses of self-respect between the 3 Poom holders and the Keup holders, 1-2 Poom holders and 8-4 Keup holders showed meaningful differences(p=0.0010), but the differences in the school life senses of self-respect are meaningless statistically. 4. According to personal career, the differences have something significants in the whole senses of self-respect among the students who have trained over 3, 2-3 years and less than 1 year(p=0.0062), in the social senses of self-respect among the students who have trained over 3, 2-3, 1-2 years and less than 1 year(p=0.0103), and in home life senses of self-respect between the students who have trained over 3 years and 1-2 years or less than 1 year, between 2-3 years and less than 1 year(p=0.0004), but the differences in the school life senses of self-respect are meaningless statistically.

뇌·심혈관계 질환의 업무상 재해 인정 여부에 영향을 미치는 요인

원종욱,하국환,송재석,노재훈,김형렬,이대희,이강희 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.1

목적: 본 연구는 뇌·심혈관질환으로 요양 신청한 근로자들에게서 업무상 질병 인정 여부에 영향을 주는 요인을 파악하고, 이들의 특성을 분석하여 뇌·심혈관질환 예방에 도움을 주고자 한다. 방법: 1998년과 1999년 경인지역 3개 근로복지공단에 뇌·심혈관질환으로 요양신청한 386명 가운데 분석 가능한 369명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 재해조사 복명서를 기초로 하여, 일반적특성, 재해 관련 특성 및 과거병력을 조사하였으며, 업무상 질병 인정여부에 영향을 주는 요인을 알아보기 위하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 생존자 96명중 전화 면접 조사가 가능했던 72명을 대상으로 직무 스트레스관련 요인을 조사하였다. 직무 스트레스는 업무요구도, 지적 결정권 및 개인적 시간의 자유도로 나누어 조사하였다. 결과: 369명 가운데 167명이 업무상 질병으로 인정받았으며, 인정 여부와 무관하게 연구대상자 가운데 62%가 한가지 이상의 뇌·심혈관계 질환의 위험요인인 질병을 갖고 있었다. 특히 고혈압은 전체 연구대상자의 53.9%에게 존재하였다. 인정 여부를 종속변수로 한 로지스틱 회구분석 결과 사망하여 요양 신청한 경우가 생존한 경우보다 요양 승인의 비차비가 26.5로 요양이 승인될 가능성이 높았다. 작업조건의 변화가 있는 경우는 6.5배, 작업장에서 발생한 경우는 4.9배, 여자는 남자보다 4배, 야간 작업이 있었던 경우는 2.9배, 근무시간 중 발생한 경우 2.5배 그리고 과거력상 뇌·심혈관계 질환 관련 병력이 없는 경우는 그렇지 않은 경우보다 1.8배 더 많은 요양 승인을 받았다. 전화 면접을 통한 직무스트레스를 조사한 결과 개인적 시간의 자유도가 낮을수록 업무상질병 인정을 더 많이 받았지만, 로지스틱 회귀 분석 결과 직무 스트레스는 업무상 질병 인정에 아무런 영향을 주지 못했다. 결론: 뇌·심혈관질환을 예방하기 위해서는 위험요인 가운데 가장 많은 비중을 차지하고 있는 고혈압을 관리하는 것이 필요하고, 업무상 질병 여부를 판단하는데 있어 보다 객관성을 유지하기 위해서는 과로나 스트레스에 좀더 큰 비중을 두어야 한다. Objectives: This study was performed to analyze the factors that affect the decision to approve workers compensation claims for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and to analyze the worker characteristics. Methods: Three hundred, sixty-nine cases were collected based on the workers compensation records of three Seoul and Incheon Regional centers of the Labor Welfare Corporation between 1998 and 1999. They contained the general characteristics, injury information and past medical histories. The x2-test and logistic regression were performed to investigate the factors affecting the approvals. Seventy-two survivors were surveyed by telephone for job stress. Job stress was surveyed in three parts: job demands, decision latitude and personal free time. Results: Of the cases, 167 obtained approval from the Corporation; the others did not. Regardless of approval, 62% of all subjects had more than one of the cerebral and cardiovascular risk factors. Especially, 53.9% of subjects had hypertension. Accordings to the logistic regression, the fatal cases had a higher approval rate (OR=26.4, CI=9.13-76.22). The cases with working condition change (OR=6.5, CI=3.45-12.07), accidents on worksite (OR=4.9, CI=2.39-10.07), female (OR=4.0, CI=1.21-13.3), accidents at night duty (OR=2.9, CI=.156-5.39), cases occurring on duty (OR=.25, CI=1.34-4.72) and cases without past diseases history (OR=1.8, CI=1.02-3.36) also had higher approval rates. Telephone survey found that the approval rate increased with decreasing freedom of personal time schedule. However, the logistic regression revealed that job stress didnt affect the approvals. Conclusion: To prevent cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, the most important aspect is to control hypertension which is the most common risk factor among the victims. Moreover, job stress and over working should be considered in the just approval of the workers compensation claims.

수산화아파타이트 분말의 용해거동

황규홍,송대성,이종국 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2004 生産技術硏究 Vol.26 No.2

Commercial hydroxyapatite (HA) powders were calcined at the temperature range of 1000-1350℃ in air and the calcined powders were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) of pH 7.4 at 37℃ for 3 or 7 days. Thermal decomposition and their related dissolution behaviors of hydroxyapatite were investigated by X-Ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer, and Transmission Electron Microscopy. At 1200℃, HA gradually releases its OH ions and transforms to oxyhydroxyapatite(Ca_(10)(PO₄)_(6)Ox (OH)₂-₂x), OHAP. HA thermally decomposes to α-tricalcium phosphate(α-TCP) and tetracalcium phophate(TTCP) phase at 1350℃. It was found that the surface dissolution of the HA powders was accelerated by non-stoichiometric composition and decomposed α-TCP and TTCP. HAp particles with smooth surface appeared to be dissolved on the edge showing fiber, followed by separation of the large particles to small ones with the immersion time.

유리 성형용 금형의 균열 발생 기구

황규홍,송동환,양권승,이종국 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2005 生産技術硏究 Vol.27 No.2

Microstructure of glass-forming mold have influence on the mechanical properties such as hardness, and life span of the glass-forming mold is strongly dependent on its microstructure. The glass-forming mold with guaranteed tool life requires fine particle size and homogeneous distribution of Cr precipitates in the matrix. In this study, mechanism on the crack creation of the glass-forming mold made in Korea (K-mold) was compared to the one glass-forming mold made in Japan (J-mold). SEM observation revealed that the particle size of the Cr precipitates in J-mold was smaller than that in K-mold, in addition the size distribution of J-mold was narrower than that of K-mold, resulting in long life of J-mold. Therefore, it was confirmed that the microstructure of the glass-forming mold related to Cr precipitates was one of the important parameters to improve the quality of products.

反復演習 類型의 CAI 프로그램 設計 및 具現

이상정,안종근,송제국 순천향대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.17 No.3

The use uf computer in learning has advantage of providing various function of audio-visual education regardless of places, especially it enables us to overcome the limitation of individual learning in traditional instruction. Today a lot of CAI courseware is developed and used. But most of them are limited on only one unit or one subject. Because of their lack of sequence in learning, there are problems of systematic learning and connection among grades. The purpose of this study is to design and develope a drill & practice CAI courseware which is proper to realize sequence among grade and easy to feedback. The results of this study are as follows: 1. After choosing arithmetics of the 5th and 6th grade of elementary school, it is designed and developed a 32 sub-subjects CAI program according to the 17 subjects in 3 units. 2. This program is implemented menu-driven meihod in order to learn total arithmetics learning. It will be completed by a following study or research for unimplemented parts.

Disciplinary Session7 / Sport Physiology : Exercise and Aging / Skeletal maturity and Physical Fitness of 9 to 12 years Old Boys

(Jong Kook Song),(Seung Hee Yoo),(Hyung Gi Yoon) 한국체육학회 1999 New Millennium and Sport Vision ABSTRACTS Vol.- No.-