마이크로 입자의 크기 측정과 성분분석을 위한 에어로졸 질량분석기에 관한 연구

김도훈 경남대학교 대학원 2005 국내석사

대기 중의 부유 입자를 측정하는 기술 중에서 입자의 물리 화학적 특성을 실시간으로 측정 하는 것은 다른 어떤 물리량을 측정하는 것보다 중요하다. 특히 실시간으로 에어로졸 성분을 분석하는 것은 오염원의 발생원을 규명하여 유해 물질의 경보 체계를 구축하거나, 입자의 깊이에 따른 성분을 밝히는데 있어 오염원의 발생과정을 역으로 추적하는 데도 매우 중요한 단서를 제공 한다. 에어로졸 질량분석기는 에어로졸의 크기를 측정할 수 있는 지의 여부에 따라 두 가지 부류가 있는데 본 연구에서는 입자 크기를 측정할 수 있는 장치를 개발하는데 그 초점을 두고 있다. 본 연구에서는 입자의 크기 측정과 성분분석이 가능한 에어로졸 질량 분석기를 제작하였다. 노즐과 두 개의 스키머를 포함하는 도입 시스템을 제작하여 차등 펌핑 시스템과 광학적 에어로졸 크기 측정 시스템을 구축하였다. 이 시스템을 이용하여 에어로졸의 속도와 발산각, 도입 효율을 측정하였다. 에어로졸의 속도는 에어로졸의 크기와 밀도에 의존하며, 이 시스템에서는 0.3 ㎛- 3 ㎛크기의 에어로졸의 속도는 200 m/sec-400 m/sec 속도를 가진다. 에어로졸의 방향성(발산각)은 대부분 첫 번째 압력에 의존하며 압력과 노즐의 크기에 따라 에어로졸의 발산각은 5 mrad에서 30 mrad 으로 다양한 발산각을 보였다. 두 대의 레이저에서 에어로졸의 검출 효율은 40% 이상의 효율을 가지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 속도와 발산각, 그리고 검출 효율은 에어로졸의 크기와 이온화 효율을 증가 시키는데 있어서 아주 중요한 변수로 작용한다. 또한, 에어로졸 질량분석기와 같이 서로 다른 에너지를 가진 이온들이 1차 가속기를 지나도 초기에너지에 비례하게 선형적인 배열을 하지 않는 경우 이를 비선형 전기장으로 후집속 하는 방법을 이론적으로 제시하고, 실험적으로는 질량 분석기의 분해능을 증가 시키는 방법의 일환으로 금속판에 레이저를 조사하여 시스템의 분해능이 후집속 전압과 시간 지연 등에 의존함을 관측하여 에어로졸 질량분석기의 핵심 부분인 질량분석기를 구성하였다. Measuring the size and chemical composition of atmospheric aerosol is important in many kinds of application fields. Especially, the real time analysis of the depth dependent aerosol composition provides good information about the origin of an aerosol and also valuable information for establishing a hazard warming system. Aerosol mass spectrometers(AMS) are the most promising candidates for this purpose. For this purpose, there are two kinds of AMS, depending on the possibility of an aerosol sizing or not, and an optical aerosol sizing is possible from a micron size particle to a submicron. We are intending to develop an optical particle sizing and chemical analysis of an aerosol. We have designed an aerosol introduction system including nozzle, two skimmer, differential pumping system and optical aerosol sizing system. Using this system, we have measured aerosol speed, divergence, introduction and expected targeting efficiency. The mobile velocity of the aerosol which depends on size and density ranged from 200 m/sec to 400 m/sec at the size 0.3 ㎛-3 ㎛ in this system. The trajectory of aerosol depends mostly on the pressure of first chamber. The beam divergence vary from 5 mrad depending on the pressure and aerosol size. The detection efficiency of aerosol at the second laser is above 40% for all particle at the main chamber. These speed, divergence, and detection efficiency will be used in calibration of aerosol size and increasing the ionization efficiency. Moreover, we have assumed a different ion velocity and direction, and calculated their position and speed after passing the ion through an acceleration plate,. From this result, we have suggested a nonlinear time dependent electric field which produces the same flight times for all the mass to charge ions(q/m) independently of its initial conditions. To prove the effects of the post focusing acceleration field, we installed a LA-MS system, and to establish the important post focusing parameters including the ion initial velocity, distribution and others.

Wind Tunnel Based Evaluation of Aerosol Control Technologies for Indoor Air and Characterization Methods for Workplace Aerosol Exposure, Aerosol Formation, and Aerosol Growth

Qiao, Yuechen ProQuest Dissertations & Theses University of Minn 2022 해외박사(DDOD)

Aerosol exposure can have both short-term and long-term effects on human health. As examples, inhaled particle deposition within the human respiratory systems can affect blood cells as well as brain cells, increasing cardiovascular mortality and disability, respiratory tract infections, and incidence of cancer (Burnett, Pope III et al. 2014, Rajagopalan, Al-Kindi et al. 2018, Deepthi, Nagendra et al. 2019). For this reason, a large number of studies have been devoted to understanding particle sources in the environment, combustion source emission, and such particles' impacts on the environment with underlying health effects in humans. However, the majority of aerosol exposure studies focus on outdoor pollution (PM 2.5) and its anthropogenic sources. Conversely, aerosol exposure research in indoor environments and assessment of control technologies to reduce exposure are underdeveloped. This is perhaps best highlighted by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic of the past several years; the role of aerosol based disease transmission was ignored and not well understood in the early stages of the pandemic, and only after COVID-19 had spread worldwide was it clear how aerosol transport contributed to disease spread and how control technologies for indoor aerosol particles could help reduce disease spread. The studies in this dissertation are largely motivated by this issue, i.e. the need for improved characterization of aerosol exposure indoors and the need to develop and apply methods to assess the capabilities of control technologies design to collect and inactivate infectious, virus-laden aerosol particles. As these are very broad topics, this dissertation cannot completely cover all workplace exposure and assessment of all HVAC control technologies. Therefore specific focus is on: (1) Understanding the size distribution, mass, and morphology of aerosol particles from surgical smoke, which is an exposure risk to operating room workers and a unique health risk not studied in detail in prior research efforts; (2) Assessing the performance of control technologies designed to mitigate aerosol and bioaerosol exposure in indoor environments. Along with those two goals, I also carried out studies to (3) analyze nucleation and growth of particles from organometallic precursors at high temperature. While this topic is distinct from aerosol exposure characterization and control technology assessment it is also of fundamental importance in understanding the origin and growth rate of industrial aerosols. In total, I completed 6 distinct studies as part of my dissertation research. In the subsequent subsections of this introductory chapter, I provide a background and motivation each study. Studies are presented in chronological order in which they were performed during my dissertation, demonstrating the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on my research, as I was a graduate student from 2018-2022, with the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic occurring in the middle of my graduate studies. While for this reason, the transition from chapter-to-chapter may appear abrupt, I believe it highlights how research in aerosol science was affected in this time period by the COVID-19 pandemic, and how studies related to developing technologies to reduce infection spread occurred alongside studies in fundamental aerosol science. The subsequent chapters after this are written as stand-alone works containing "Introduction", "Methods", "Results and Discussion", and "Conclusion" sections. Finally, a conclusions chapter is provided, summarizing the key findings from all studies.

Climatic understanding of long-lasting high aerosol concentration episodes and the radiative effect over East Asia

오혜련 서울대학교 대학원 2015 국내박사

No other region in the world is as large and diverse a source of aerosols as the Asian continent. In particular, considerable amounts of air pollutants are generated in China, and the effects of trans-boundary transport of diverse aerosols including air pollutants on human health and regional climate are of multilateral concern in East Asia. Here, we firstly revealed the mechanism of occurrence and transport for the long-lasting high-PM10 episodes for 13 years (2001–2013) in Seoul, Korea and its link with air pollutants originating in China. Our result show that aerosols originating in China play a major role in the occurrence of multi-day (≥ 4 days) severe air pollution episodes in Seoul, Korea, where the concentration of PM10 exceeds 100 μg m3. Observations show that these multi-day severe air quality episodes occur when a strong high-pressure system resides over the eastern China - Korea region. Such a weather condition confines air pollutants within the atmospheric boundary layer and spread them by slow westerlies within the boundary layer from China into the neighboring countries. These particles lead to air quality deterioration in the short-term perspective, furthermore those result in the change in a radiation properties and an energy budget in the long-term perspective. Thus, in a climatic sense, we attempted an observationally based estimation of aerosol direct radiatve effect (DRE) for all-sky (both clear- and cloudy-sky) over East Asia (80°E–200°E, 20°N–60°N) for May 2000–December 2005. To reliably estimate all-sky DRE of aerosol over East Asia, we used a combing methodology between the measured a clear sky and the simulated DRE for a cloud sky in each 1°-grid. For the measured clear-sky DRE, we employed aerosol, cloud, and radiation fluxes from the Cloud and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) instrument and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the Terra satellite. For the simulated cloudy-sky DRE, we performed radiative transfer modeling with the MODIS cloud properties in addition to the aerosol optical properties independently estimated in this study that include asymmetry factor and single scattering albedo. The results show that the global mean±standard deviation of DRE for the all-sky scene is −3.57±2.3 W m−2, which is weaker than that for the clear-sky only. This implies that DRE of both total and anthropogenic aerosol is considerably diminished by clouds interrupting solar reflection of aerosols. Particularly, for oceanic area of study domain with optically thick and a large amount cloud, the dimming effect by aerosols is amplified, which results in positive aerosol DRE for all-sky. Understanding such dynamical processes is a key for advancing the predictability of trans-boundary air pollutants and their health impacts in East Asia as well as developing international measures to improve air quality for the region. And further, evaluation of aerosol DRE for all-sky condition would contribute to reduce the large uncertainty by aerosols over East Asia, which can give some insight to simulate the future climate in model.

Retrieval of aerosol effective height using O4 band from OMI with its type detection from MODIS over East Asia

박상서 Graduate School, Yonsei University 2013 국내박사

Aerosol is one of the important elements in understanding the radiative forcing for the climate studies and monitoring air quality issues. For this reason, aerosol amount and its optical properties have been observed and analyzed extensively by using ground-based and space-borne measurements. These measurements have provided aerosol optical depth (AOD), single scattering albedo (SSA), and size parameters such as fine mode fraction (FMF), and ?ngstr?m exponent (AE) over long time period. Although limited in spatial coverage, active measurements such as Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR), has provided observation on the vertical distribution of aerosol, which depends on transport path or aerosol types. However passive space-borne measurements still have not provided vertical height information of aerosol, quantitatively, due to the limitation of observation techniques. Recently, hyperspectral instruments onboard satellite have been launched to measure trace gas concentrations by using Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometer (DOAS) technique. In this study, radiance spectrum in the UV and visible range was analyzed to investigate its sensitivities to the changes of aerosol optical properties and its altitude by using a radiative transfer model. Furthermore, the slant column density (SCD) of oxygen-dimer (O4) was estimated by using the O4 band located at 340, 360, 380, and 477 nm from the DOAS technique through simulated spectra. Reasonable correlation was found between the difference in O4 SCD and the aerosol effective height at the 477 nm. From the error analysis, the retrieved aerosol effective height is largely affected by its vertical distribution and SSA of aerosol, and also influenced by the AOD and surface albedo. On the other hand, the errors from the amount of atmospheric gases, instrument condition, and the variation of the cross section database for O4 are found to be negligible. Overall, the total error budget for the retrieval algorithm of aerosol effective height is estimated to be about 25% for absorbing aerosol and 55% for scattering aerosol, except the error due to the change of vertical distribution of aerosol. The effective height of aerosol is retrieved in several cases over East Asia by using radiance spectrum from OMI. To determine the aerosol properties, aerosol type and AOD information are obtained from the aerosol type classification algorithm using visible and IR channels of MODIS. Compared with the LIDAR observation, the retrieved height tends to overestimate about 30%, which can be attributed to difference in the definition between aerosol effective height and that from LIDAR, the cloud contamination, spatial inhomogeneous of AOD, and uncertainty in aerosol optical properties.

Analytical Investigation of Aerosol Two-Phase Nozzle Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics for Local Micro-area Printing on Semiconductor Packaging

김영민 인하대학교 대학원 2023 국내석사

Aerosol jet printing (AJP) is a technology that can print aerosols down to the micrometer scale and works by flowing the aerosol and a carrier gas that envelops the aerosol. In order to print a uniform line in a small area, it is important that the aerosol flow ejected from the nozzle is adsorbed to the substrate with minimal change. It is important to maintain the straightness of the aerosol flow, which is an important performance index in AJP, and the flow rate of the aerosol and cis gas is an operating variable for controlling the linewidth, and the associated linewidth must be quantified. Control is possible. In this study, we analyze the aerosol flow internal particle dispersion with two-stream aerosol nozzle operating variables. An aerosol stream diameter estimation model is derived, and printed samples are measured to compare linewidths. The errors of the numerical model and experiments are analyzed using computational fluid dynamics simulations. The aerosol flow diameter estimation model is derived based on the Hagen-Poiseuille equation and consists of a function of the diameter of the nozzle exit and the flow rate ratio of aerosol and carrier gas. Computational fluid dynamics models analyze particle dispersion as a function of operating variables. As a result of computational fluid analysis, particle tracking was used to obtain an image of the particle distribution, which was converted to grayscale and the matrix was extracted to calculate the diameter. The particle dispersion diameter and numerical model are compared and validated at the nozzle exit. In addition, the particle dispersion diameter for each distance after injection is calculated and compared with numerical models and experiments. The linewidth decreases in the order of numerical model, CFD, and experiment, and the CFD result gives the same result as the experiment when considering the Stokes number by particle velocity. Through this study, the aerosol flow diameter and particle distribution diameter sprayed from the aerosol jet printing nozzle were analyzed, and the cause of the error was identified to know the relationship between the numerical model and the printed line width. 에어로졸 제트 프린팅(AJP)은 에어로졸을 마이크로미터 단위로 인쇄할 수 있는 기술이며, 에어로졸과 에어로졸을 감싸는 캐리어 가스가 흐르며 작동된다. 미소한 면적으로 균일한 라인을 인쇄하기 위해서는 노즐에서 분사된 에어로졸 유동이 기판까지 최소한의 변화로 흡착되는 것이 중요하다. AJP 에서 중요한 성능 지표인 에어로졸 유동의 직진성이 유지되는 것이며, 선 폭을 제어하기 위한 작동 변수로는 에어로졸 및 시스가스의 유량이 있다. 이어서 그에 따른 선 폭이 수치화 되어야 제어가 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 이류체 에어로졸 노즐 작동 변수에 따른 에어로졸 유동 입자의 분산에 대하여 분석한다. 에어로졸 유동 직경 추정 모델을 유도하고, 프린팅 샘플을 측정하여 선폭을 비교한다. 이론적 모델과 실험 및 전산유체역학 시뮬레이션의 오차를 분석한다. 에어로졸 유동 직경 추정 모델은 Hagen-Poiseuille 방정식을 기반으로 유도되며, 노즐 출구의 직경, 에어로졸과 캐리어 가스의 유량비에 대한 함수로 구성된다. 전산 유체 해석 모델은 해석 모델의 검증, 스탠드 오프 거리 별 직경의 변화, 기판 근처에서 입자의 거동 변화에 대하여 수행된다. 전산 유체 해석 결과에서 Particle tracking 을 이용하여 입자가 분포한 이미지를 얻을 수 있으며, 이 이미지를 Grayscale 로 변환하고 MATLAB 을 이용하여 행렬을 추출해 직경을 계산하였다. 노즐 출구에서 입자 분산 직경과 수치모델을 비교하고 검증한다. 또한 분사 후 거리 별 입자 분산 직경을 계산하여 이론적 모델 및 실험과 비교한다. 수치모델, CFD, 실험의 순서로 선폭이 감소하였으며, CFD 의 결과에서는 입자들의 속도에 따른 스톡스 수를 고려하면 실험과 유사한 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 본 연구를 통해 에어로졸 제트 프린팅 노즐에서 분사된 에어로졸 유동이 기판에 다다를 때까지의 직경 및 입자 분산 직경 변화에 대해 분석을 하였으며, 오차의 원인을 정리하여 이론적 모델, 즉 작동변수에 따른 인쇄된 선폭의 관계에 대해 알 수 있다.

Enhanced collection and detection of bio-aerosols via an air-modulating electrostatic aerosol-to-hydrosol sampling and simultaneous enrichment system

Amin, Piri Graduate School, Yonsei University 2022 국내박사

Evaluation of Chemical Composition of Aquatic Nanoparicles and Atmospheric Aerosols : Prelminary Study

Nguyen Thi Kieu Hanh 성균관대학교 일반대학원 2009 국내석사

Investigations into Biological Influences on the Carbon Isotopic Composition (d13C) of Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol and Ocean-Aerosol Transfer of Organic Material

Crocker, Daniel Robert ProQuest Dissertations & Theses University of Cali 2021 해외박사(DDOD)

Atmospheric aerosols remain the largest uncertainty in assessments of the anthropogenic influence on Earth’s radiative budget. Aerosols affect Earth’s radiative budget directly, by reflecting and absorbing incoming solar radiation, and indirectly, by serving as nuclei for water and ice cloud formation. Current estimates of anthropogenic impacts on the direct and indirect aerosol effects are hindered by an inadequate understanding of how naturally produced aerosols contribute to both processes. Sea spray aerosol (SSA), formed by oceanic wave breaking, represents the largest source of natural aerosol to the atmosphere by mass. The climate-relevant properties of SSA, such as hygroscopicity, reflectivity, and ice nucleation ability, are highly dependent on the amount and composition of the organic material transferred from the seawater into these aerosols. The composition of this organic material is strongly influenced by microbial activity in the seawater, highlighting the importance of employing new techniques to examine the impact of oceanic biological activity on the organic material transferred into SSA. Carbon isotopic analysis has been frequently employed to differentiate between anthropogenic and natural sources of aerosol carbon, but has not previously been applied to study ocean-aerosol transfer of organic material. In my dissertation work, I measured carbon isotopic compositions (d13C) of seawater and SSA organic material during two laboratory phytoplankton blooms, identifying an increased contribution of “freshly-produced” carbon to SSA, strongly controlled by the microbial loop. I further demonstrate that not accounting for this biological influence on the d13C value of nascent SSA can lead to significant underestimates in the contribution of anthropogenic aerosol carbon to the marine environment (Chapter 2). Building from this work, I investigated differences between submicron and supermicron SSA during a wave channel mesocosm experiment. The stark differences between these two SSA fractions, with supermicron SSA heavily influenced by biological activity and submicron SSA primarily influenced by surface-active anthropogenic compounds originating from the coastal seawater, reveals the importance of biology and ocean-aerosol transfer processes on SSA organic composition and d13C (Chapter 3). Finally, I explored biologically induced changes in seawater submicron particulates (SMPs) in the bulk seawater and SSML to better understand how seawater biology may influence the transfer of ice nucleating entities into SSA (Chapter 4).

Direct and indirect effects of aerosol on climate simulation

이동민 서울대학교 대학원 2014 국내박사

The aerosol direct and indirect effect studies are complemented with simulations using the GEOS-5 GCM recently upgraded with double moment cloud microphysics (i.e., the ability to predict both cloud water content and particle numbers), interactive GOCART aerosol model, advance radiative transfer package RRTMG with Monte Carlo Independent Column Approximation modes, and CFMIP Observation Simulator Package (COSP). Comparisons of GEOS-5 integrations using the schemes allow us to identify and separate consistent (and therefore more robust) responses of monsoonal circulations, clouds and precipitation to aerosol rather than dynamics, and meteorological seasonality. Especially biomass burning (BB) intensity is strongly correlated with large-scale circulation change, so GCM experimental designs that will isolate the aerosol effects are necessary. A baseline comparison is first performed between near decade-long GEOS-5 runs using the two different single (GEOS-5 Standard) and double moment (McRAS-AC) cloud microphysical schemes and prescribed observed SSTs for the period 2002-2011 which has extensive multi-satellite coverage. Two 10-year long simulations bring to light discernible improvements in the TOA zonal radiation budget when the latter scheme is implemented. These and other encouraging results from the simulation suggest that McRAS-AC exhibits significant skills and has the potential to be further improved with targeted enhancements. And we conducted a similar segregation between anomalously high and climatological emission days for GEOS-5 in order to determine, with the aid of the COSP satellite simulator package, which cloud scheme can better reproduce observed cloud response to enhanced BB aerosol emissions. Equipped with this knowledge, we could proceed to a new series of experiments for a more in-depth analysis of cloud and precipitation response to extreme BB emission scenarios Taking appropriate differences between AGCM experiment sets we find that BB aerosols affect liquid clouds in statistically significantly ways, increasing cloud droplet number concentrations, decreasing droplet effective radii (i.e., a classic aerosol indirect effect), and locally suppressing precipitation due to a decelerate of the autoconversion process, with the latter effect apparently also leading to cloud condensate increases. Geographical re-arrangements of precipitation patterns, with precipitation increases downwind of aerosol sources are also seen, most likely because of advection of weakly precipitating cloud fields. Somewhat unexpectedly, the change in cloud radiative effects (cloud forcing) is in the direction of less cooling because of decreases in cloud fraction. Overall, however, because of direct radiative effect contributions, aerosols exert a negative forcing at both the top of the atmosphere and, perhaps most importantly, the surface, where decreased evaporation triggers feedbacks that further reduce precipitation. Invoking the approximation that direct and indirect aerosol effects are additive, we estimate that the overall precipitation reduction is about 40% due to the direct effects of absorbing aerosols which stabilize the atmosphere and reduce surface latent heat fluxes via cooler land surface temperatures. Further refinements of our two-moment cloud microphysics scheme are needed for a more complete examination of the role of aerosol-convection interactions in the seasonal development of the SE Asia monsoon.

Variation of OC and EC during haze events at Gosan climate observatory and source apportionment applying isotope analysis

주태규 Graduate School, Korea University 2016 국내석사

Carbonaceous aerosol in PM2.5 was measured at Gosan Climate Observatory (GCO) from October 2009 to December 2014 with semi-continuous analyzer. Mean OC and EC were 1.97 ± 1.43 μgCm-3 and 0.68 ± 0.56 μgCm-3, respectively. Monthly OC and EC varied from 0.90 μgCm-3 to 3.90 μgCm-3 and 0.25 μgCm-3 to 1.08 μgCm-3, respectively. However, it was difficult to ascertain annual variation of OC and EC. Monthly variation of carbonaceous aerosol was obvious, elevated in January, May and October compared to the other months. It was related to meteorological difference by season as it affects major source region and atmospheric processing of aerosol. Dry summer OC showed bimodal pattern but elevated concentration of one major mode appeared for EC. In this matter, among seasons, average concentration of carbonaceous aerosol in PM2.5 was the highest. OC and EC in dry summer would have been increased by local emissions trapped by stagnant air mass but OC would also be enhanced through secondary aerosol formation, based on low wind speed and high temperature in the season. High concentration mode was more frequent in winter or fall. The slope of OC vs. EC plot was the highest in fall with extraordinarily elevated concentration of OC and EC. Winter showed the highest correlation between OC and EC with enhanced EC. Elevated level of pollutants, which caused haze, were emitted from various regions of China and travelled over GCO, based on CWT analysis. Among 61 haze events over GCO during experimental period, 36 episodes were held on winter. Mean concentration of carbonaceous aerosol, especially OC, was enhanced the most during fall haze. In this matter, OC/EC ratio increased only in fall when haze occurred. Large OC in fall, with increased CO/NO2 ratio during haze, indicates the impact of biomass burning to the haze episode. Other seasonal haze showed similar OC/EC ratio and mean EC except for fall, but SOC is believed to take more portion of OC compared to the other seasons in dry summer based on high y-intercept of OC vs. EC plot accompanied with high O3 concentration. Spring and winter haze showed similar OC/EC signatures, but the highest correlation between OC and EC during winter haze indicates more common primary source would have influenced on winter haze by incineration for heating, especially through coal combustion as SO2/NO2 was also enhanced on winter haze. Seasonal variation of OC and EC suggests that carbonaceous aerosol can be a good tracer of monitoring pollution episodes over East Asia. With air trajectory modelling and variation of trace gases, it also can be adopted as indirect indicator of source and atmospheric processing during haze. To understand the properties of aerosol with direct indicator, isotope analysis was attempted at multiple sites of Korea; at mountain forest site (Taehwa Research Forest, TRF), remote island (Gosan) and over the Yellow Sea (R/V Gisang1). Isotope-ratio mass spectrometry was used for measurement of bulk carbon and nitrogen along with their stable isotope ratio. Accelerated mass spectrometry was applied to analyze radiocarbon ratio of carbonaceous aerosol. Before the analysis, carbon in the sample should be converted into graphite. Total carbon (TC) was converted following Ti-Zn reduction reactions. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) was separated as CO2 (g) based on SWISS_4S protocol and then graphitized. Stable carbon ratio (δ13C) at TRF, Gosan and the Yellow Sea were from -26.5‰ to -24.0‰, -24.3‰ to -24.2‰, and -25.1‰ to -23.6‰, respectively. Stable nitrogen ratio (δ15N) at TRF, Gosan and the Yellow Sea were from 6.9‰ to 19.9‰, 7.7‰ to 22.1‰, and 4.4‰ to 10.5‰, respectively. When compared with the range of reference materials from previous studies, it was obvious that carbon and nitrogen aerosols are mostly influenced by C3 plant or fossil fuel combustion for all sites. Modern carbon ratio is converted into contemporary carbon (fc) to make correction for nuclear bomb excess. Contemporary TC at TRF, Gosan and the Yellow Sea were from 0.68 to 1.93, 0.57 and 0.47 to 0.63, respectively. Carbonaceous aerosol at TRF was more modern compared to Gosan or over the Yellow Sea, affected from surrounding Korea Pine tree. Radiocarbon was more depleted in EC, from 0.10 to 0.30 and 0.16 at TRF and Gosan, respectively. Biogenic contribution of carbonaceous aerosol was mostly from OC, in the form of both secondary formations of aerosol and primary emissions such as biofuel combustion. However, many samples (n = 5) that are over 1 for fc indicate that most of radiocarbon samples were contaminated at TRF, implying that radioactive waste burning happens around the site. In this matter, radiocarbon analysis is suggested to be conducted at background sites, such as remoted island or over the sea. Fossil fuel contribution to TC at Gosan and Yellow Sea is about 43% and 47%, respectively. Both radiocarbon and stable carbon at Gosan was less depleted at this study compared to previous study held at March. Considering seasonal difference, it was reasonable as biomass burning, stagnant air mass and biological activity is enhanced at Gosan during summer as well as biofuel heating and marine aerosol or long range transport is intensified over the Yellow Sea during fall.