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HMM에 의한 실시간 연속음성 인식시스템 구현에 관한 연구
This paper is a study on the composition of Real-Time Continuous Speech Recognition System for Man-Machine Interface and it examines the posibility that applies to automatic system. HMM model can be classified into Continuous Distribution HMM and Discrete Duration Control HMM, and the recognition algorithm can be classified into O(n)DP method and One Pass DP method in order to choose HMM model and recognition algorithm. The simulation is implemented for 35 continuous speech samples of four connected spoken digits in two cases which are divided into two submodels according to whether the regression coefficients are included or not. As a result of the simulation, the average recognition rates show 93.0% and 80.5% respectively for two cases; the one is Continuous Distribution HMM model which includes regression coefficients and the other does not include when O(n)DP method is used. Average recognition rates show 93.4% and 84.4% respectively for two cases the one is Discrete Duration Control HMM model which includes regression coefficients and the other does not include when O(n)DP method is used. When HMM model does not include regression coefficients, the average recognition rate of One Pass DP method is better improved than that of O(n)DP method by 12%. The Continuous Speech Recognition System is composed of Continuous Distribution HMM model and algorithm of One Pass DP method which are chosen by the consideration of computing time and recognition rate according to the result of simulation. Continuous Speech Recognition System is composed so that it may detect start point and end point of speech data which are converted into samples by 10 KHz, 8 bit A/D within real time, then so that it may recognize them by One Pass DP method, display the result of recognition on PC monitor and at same time send control data to Interface. HMM models are created by training for continuous speech samples which are control words, area names and digital sounds. In the result of experiment by Continuous Speech Recognition System, there are some kind of errors which are insertion, replacement and deletion of one syllable, but it examined the posibility that can be applied to Man-Machine Interface on automatic system if post-process is performed for recognition.
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In the most of UPS, output voltage used to control and synchronous phase are used to analog circuit. Digital circuit and microprocessor are applied to input-output control, diagnosis, display of state in UPS. In this paper, discrete control data is stored to ROM. measured a period of UPS output is compared with utility power. So it was controlled to synchronous phase and could be carry out only digital circuit, control program. The proposed UPS system is used LC filter to improve THD of square wave, staircase wave and PWM. The experimental result show the effectiveness of proposed UPS system using discrete control.
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넓은 입력 및 출력 전압 범위를 가지는 입력-직렬 출력-직렬 양 방향 벅-부스트 컨버터
본 논문은 넓은 입력 및 출력 전압 범위를 갖는 입력 직렬 출력 직렬 비 반전 벅-부스트 컨버터를 제안한다. 제안하는 컨버터는 기존의 비 반전 벅-부스트 컨버터를 직렬로 연결하여 전압 스트레스 저감을 진행했으며, 자성소자 부피 감소를 위해 커플드 인덕터를 적용했다. 기존에 연구된 직렬형 컨버터 및 높은 전압에 대응하기 위해 연구된 컨버터와 비교하여 제안하는 컨버터는 단순한 구조, 직관적인 전압 이득, 높은 신뢰성, 그리고 산업 표준 전력 모듈을 이용하였기 때문에 모듈화가 용이한 장점을 가지고 있다. 제안하는 컨버터를 검증하기 위해 스위칭 상태에 따른 동작 모드 분석을 진행하고, 안정도 판별을 위한 소신호 해석이 수행된다. 또한, 직관적인 제어기 설계를 위한 간소화된 소신호 모델 수식이 제안되며, 간소화된 수식을 활용하여 이산 시지연을 고려한 전압, 전류 제어기 설계를 진행한다. 제안하는 컨버터와 유도한 모델, 그리고 제어기 설계 과정은 모의 실험을 통해 검증하였다. 실험을 통한 검증을 위해 1500 V 직류 전압 시스템에 적용 가능한 8-kW 프로토타입을 제작하였다. 모의 실험과 실험 결과를 통해 동작 모드 분석, 소신호 해석, 그리고 폐루프 제어기 설계과정이 유효함을 검증하였으며, 제안하는 컨버터가 다양한 전압 응용분야에서 넓은 범위의 전압 대응이 가능함을 확인하였다. This paper proposed the input-series output-series non-inverting buck-boost converter (ISOSNIBBC) for wide input and output voltage ranges. The proposed converter is configured by connecting the conventional non-inverting buck-boost converter in series, and the coupled inductors (CIs) are employed to reduce the volume of the magnetic components. Compared with the conventional series-connected converter for high voltage, the proposed converter offers advantages such as a simple structure, intuitive voltage gain, high reliability, and easy modularization using industry-friendly standard power modules. The operation Mode analysis and the small signal Modeling have been performed to verify the stability of the proposed converter. Furthermore, a simplified small signal Model is proposed for the intuitive evaluation of the proposed converter. Then, the voltage and current controllers are designed considering the digital delay effect. The controller design procedure and the derived model of the proposed converter are verified by the simulation results. For the experimental verification, and 8-kW prototype that applicable to the 1500 V DC was manufactured. Both simulation and experimental results verified that the operation Mode, small signal analysis, and the closed-loop digital controller design procedure are effective.
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