French Symbolism and Modern Korean Poery : A Study in Poetic Language and Its Social Significance in Korea.

Yoon HoByeong New York State University 1986 국내박사

Representative bureaucracy : president's party, federal executive employment, and policy outputs

김천균 State University New York 2001 해외박사

My dissertation examines the relationship between a president's party, a group's representation in higher-level positions, and policy outputs favorable to that group over the last 21 years through time series analysis. I find that Democratic party control of the presidency is likely to be related to female and minority representation in federal senior executive positions and support greater funding for female and minority-related programs, while a group's representation in federal senior executive positions does not necessarily lead to greater funding for that group-related programs. More importantly, the impact of the party control of the presidency on the SES employment has been different in regards to race, ethnicity, and gender. Even under the Democratic administration, senior executive employment has been less favorable to Hispanics than African Americans and women. A group's electoral support seems to be related to that group's employment in higher-level positions. Voters who support the winning presidential candidate are more likely to be rewarded with higher-level appointments in national bureaucracies. Democratic presidents, who typically attract 80-90 percent of African American votes, appointed more African Americans to higher-level positions in the federal service than did Republican presidents. The same is true of women, especially during the Clinton years. A Democratic administration appears to be more directly linked to female and minority senior executive employment in redistributive agencies, such as the Departments of Education, Health and Human Services (HHS), and Housing and Urban Development (HUD), while there appears to be no linkage between Democratic party control of the presidency and female and minority SES representation in distributive and regulatory agencies, such as the Departments of Agriculture, Interior, and Transportation.

Social Resources, Social Networds, and Juvenile Delinquency:An Examination of the Strength of Ties

Lee Wansoo New York State University 1993 국내박사

Studies in optimal taxation and clubs

New York State University 1988 국내석사

Bivariate control median tests for complete and right-censored data

박효일 New York State University 1990 해외박사

이변량 이표본 자료에 대한 위치모수에 대한 검정 절차로서 control median 검정을 연구하였다. control median 검정은 비모수적인 검정절차로서 우리는 분포함수가 연속임을 가정한다. 0장에서는 이표본 문제에 대한 문헌을 review하고 귀무가설하에서 검정통계량에 대한 분포를 얻기 위하여 permutation principle을 토의한다. 1장에서는 이변량 control median 검정에 대한 검정통계량을 제안하고 permutation principle에 의하여 귀무가설하에서 검정통계량의 분포함수를 얻고서 이러한 검정절차를 사용하는 예를 들었다. 표본의 크기가 큰 경우를 대비하여 대표본 근사이론에 의한 검정통계량의 정규근사에 의한 chi-제곱 분포를 보았으며 단측검정에 대한 수정도 하였다. 2장에서는 right-censored 자료에 대한 수정된 검정통계량의 제안과 함께 대표본 근사이론에 의한 검정통계량의 chi-제곱분포에로의 근사를 유도하였다. 마지막으로 Appendix에는 permutation principle에 의하여 검정통계량에 대한 분포함수를 얻는 computer program과 censored 자료에 대한 검정에서 covariance matrix에 대한 구체적인 계산절차를 computer program화 하였다. The bacteriophage λO protein localizes the initiation of replication to a unique sequence, ori λ through specific protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. Conformational changes at ori λ introduced by O protein binding have been reported and their roles have been implicated in the initiation of λ DNA replication. In our studies, we focused on detailed structural basis of the formation of the O protein-ori λ complex(O-some). This work was divided into five Chapters including a general introduction given in Chapter 1, a brief review of genetic, biochemical, and structural data for understanding the mechanism of the initiation of λ DNA replication. As shown in Chapter 2, we found that the O protein exists as a dimer and demonstrated that the active DNA binding species is also a dimer. Dimerization and sequence-specific DNA recognition are specifically mediated through the amino-terminal half of O(O1-162(아래첨자 1-162입력불가)). The binding affinity of O for a single copy of its 19 bp recognition sequence was 2-3 nM. We also found that the O-some is composed of 4 dimers of O and ori λ DNA, which contains four 19 bp direct repeat recognition sites, i, e., a dimer of O is bound to each repeat(iteron). Moreover, we found that only the amino-terminal DNA binding domain is required for formation of the O-some. To investigate the structural basis for the unique properties of O protein, we generated a number of carboxy-terminal and internal and internal deletion mutants of O. Experiments with purified mutant proteins, as shown in Chapter 3, indicated that (ⅰ) the deletion mutant retaining amino acid residues 19-110 is the smallest O protein species that can both bind to DNA and form a dimer, (ⅱ) the affinities of all mutant proteins for a single iteron are almost the same, ranging from 2 to 4 nM; (ⅲ) the portion of O that is responsible for dimerization is located between amino acid residues 19 and 85; (ⅳ) the carboxy-terminal domain (O 156-299(아래첨자 156-299입력불가)) is a monomeric species that does not recognize specific DNA sequences but instead, bind non-specifically to duplex DNA; (ⅴ) the linker joining the two structural domains is not required for O function, but its coding sequence of DNA contains several recognition sites for O protein (ori λ); and (ⅵ) a deletion! m! utant missing the amino-terminal portion of the carboxyl-terminal domain is still comparably active in the in vitro λdv replication assay. In Chapter 4, the structural basis of the O protein-DNA complex was studied in detail. Hydroxy radical footprinting was employed to obtain the high resolution structural information about the contacts between the protein and the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA. The missing nucleoside experiment allowed us to identify energetically important base moieties that may be in contact with bound O protein. Quantitation of the extent of O-mediated DNA bending indicated that O induces a relatively sharp bend in an individual recognition sequence of 85。 ±5。 . Measurement of the O-induced topological change indicated that a region of DNA or specifically ori λis wrapped around the O protein core in a left-handed fashion with a linking number change of 0.7±0.1 turn. In Chapter 5, we present direct evidence that the O protein also has the capacity to interact with single-stranded DNA, the first such interaction discovered among prokaryotic origin-binding proteins. The implication of this dual DNA binding specificity of O for the formation of the unwound structure at the A/T-rich region of ori λ is dis cussed. The addition of the λP-DnaB comple x to the O-some produces a new nucleoprotein species with a super-shift in migration. The presence of P and DnaB reduces significantly the amount of O required for binding to single-stranded DNA. Based on these results, we propose a detailed model for sequential structural changes in ori λ as a consequence of O binding to the origin of λreplication.

The Adoption, Implementation and Impact of electronic Data Interchange(EDI) Systems

Hwang KyungTae New York State University 1991 국내박사

The dynamics of state revenue forecasting in New York

Sun, Jinping State University of New York at Albany 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation is a case study of state revenue forecasting in New York. While prior research has explored potential sources of forecast error across the states, this dissertation compares the forecasts prepared by different agencies in one state and investigates how different institutional arrangements influence revenue estimation and state budget process. Specifically, this dissertation consists of three interrelated studies that examine the technical and political aspects of executive and legislative forecasts in New York from FY1995--96 to FY2002--03. The first study explained whether and why executive and legislative forecasts were different. The study found that there were differences among the forecasts produced by the Division of the Budget, the Senate Finance Committee-Majority, and the Assembly Ways and Means Committee-Majority. The three agencies forecasts, though, were close for most of the years, and the variance could be attributed to their different technical assessment and political calculations in the forecasting process. The second study evaluated New York State revenue forecasting process against the professional standards established by some national organizations, and assessed the performance of each agency in terms of forecast accuracy and other criteria. The study found that New York State revenue estimation process conformed to the majority of the recommended practices, and the three agencies forecasts were accurate and good in terms of credibility, timeliness, and other criteria. The third study investigated the effect of the coexistence of executive and legislative forecasts on New York State budget process. The findings, though, were not very encouraging: the experience of the consensus conference during the past nine years showed that the Executive and the Legislature had rarely reached agreement on revenue estimates through the consensus process, and the coexistence of executive and legislative forecasts was one important contributor to the State's chronically late budgets. In conclusion, the three studies indicated that while the three forecasting agencies were technically competent, the political environment was dysfunctional and the coexistence of executive and legislative forecasts without an effective consensus process had a negative impact on the State's budget process.

"Selling New York State to the Nation"---The 1939/1940 New York World's Fair

Borden, Mary Ann State University of New York at Albany 2011 해외박사(DDOD)

American exhibitions after 1853 were linked to motivating themes and the celebration of historical events, while presenting at various times a prophetic implication. They were cultural, political, social, scientific, educational, and promotional extravaganzas, and at times a direct response to a depressed economy. The fairs presented ingenuity from the smallest mouthwatering pickle to the automobile. Amusements ranging from decadent peeps shows to thrilling rides sparkled within the various Midway Plaisances. Architecture became a marketing strategy, especially within the later fairs. Advertisements abounded via posters, pamphlets, magazine and newspapers ads, radio, newsreels, and finally television. An underlying theme, one that appears to run throughout the heart of each and every American fair was the urge to make money. Indeed, they were business and promotional ventures extraordinaire. Economic devastation abounded worldwide in 1939 -- it was the era of the Great Depression. During this tumultuous time emerged the 1939 New York World's Fair, boasting the theme The World of Tomorrow. It was the most ambitious American international exposition since the phenomenal 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held in Chicago. Considering the approval of a distinctively modern amphitheatre to draw people to the metropolitan area, and the debentures targeting city businesses, it was apparent that the fair's greatest economic impact was meant for New York City. However, the New York Bureau of State Publicity had another goal in mind. An advertising campaign was initiated titled Selling New York State to the Nation 1939, and prepared for Allan Reagan, the director of the bureau, by the Barlow Advertising Agency of Syracuse, New York. The campaign's primary focus was to encourage out-of-state travel by the Midwest region through the entire state of New York. In order to succeed, they needed to discourage travelers from taking the quick route through Pennsylvania. Their tactics were an obvious, concerted effort to sell not only New York City, but the entire State of New York. This dissertation presents the Barlow Advertising Agency's campaign as one that not only stimulated the economic growth of the State of New York, yet was the precursor to the current "I Love New York" campaign.

Interest group involvement in New York State public school aid litigation and lobbying

Nickerson, Brian Jon State University of New York at Albany 2002 해외박사(DDOD)

Interest group literature reveals a group's decision to litigate is influenced by a complex set of organizational, political, and legal factors which form the basis of three broad propositions tested; <italic>An interest group's decision to use litigation as a strategy of reforming New York State's education funding formulas is influenced by its organizational type, policy goals, core membership, available resources, and the need for organizational maintenance; Litigating interest groups' lack of direct and indirect lobbying over school finance have induced these groups to litigate to achieve their goal of reforming the state's public school funding formulas; and School finance groups have a greater propensity to litigate over the state funding formulas in the New York State courts when the federal courts decide unfavorably against state school finance claims and when the plaintiff group believes it successfully can use existing legal doctrine or available precedent.</italic>. Our findings reveal citizen-based interest groups have a greater tendency to litigate over public school finance in New York State since they represent poorer school districts which perceive the state public school financing system as unfair and have purposive goals compatible with school finance reform. Additionally, litigating interest groups in New York's public school finance cases have smaller budgets and membership bases and fewer staff, but are able to afford litigation by securing <italic>pro bono</italic> legal counsel. Moreover, in terms of organizational maintenance activities, litigating interest groups stress the need for publicity, increased membership, and coalition-building as a means to spread their views and secure any potential legal victories. Relative to the second proposition, litigating groups were the most active in “direct” and “indirect” lobbying since they believe any potential court victory would have to be quickly supported by key elected officers and feel the need to educate the public about the public school finance issue and to mobilize public support for the group's reform proposals. Our findings also reveal interest groups carefully assessed the unfavorable United States Supreme Court decision in <italic>Rodriquez</italic> and the more conducive equity and adequacy doctrines available under New York State law before deciding to litigate.

The accountability and integration of New York's public authorities in state government: A case study of the New York State Urban Development Corporation

Perry, Nancy Wilk State University of New York at Albany 2002 해외박사(DDOD)

New York's public authorities are important entities in the state's governance system, created by the State legislature since 1921 to resolve local, regional, and statewide problems. Their financial significance is indicated in the 2001–02 Executive Budget which lists 31 authorities with total revenues of $21 billion. Notwithstanding their operational and financial impact, these organizations are criticized in the literature for promoting uncoordinated programs and being unaccountable to state elected representatives. These conclusions have been framed into two propositions: <italic>State public authorities promote fractionalized policy-making because they are created on an ad hoc basis with no central coordinating mechanism</italic>, and <italic>State public authorities are not accountable directly to the Governor or State Legislature because they are exempted from most controls, prohibitions, and restrictions applicable to other State agencies</italic>. These propositions have been tested for validity by examining the Urban Development Corporation (UDC), and through an evaluation of specific statutory and administrative control mechanisms shared by public authorities in New York. Our findings reveal the literature does not depict accurately the relationship between UDC and New York State government. The literature does not take into account the effect changes in federal housing policies had on the operations and finances of UDC. Public authorities, including UDC, are attractive to state lawmakers because they are not subject to the same constitutional and statutory requirements as other state agencies. If all public authorities were abolished, state government would still be fragmented because a myriad of other state departments, divisions, agencies, and commissions exist in New York. In addition, the research found that adequate laws exist to ensure public authorities are accountable organizations to state elected representatives. The Public Authorities Control Board (PACB) also helps ensure that ten of New York's largest public authorities are fully accountable and integrated in state programs by requiring these authorities to submit all capital project applications to this three-person Board (representing the Governor, Assembly Speaker, and Senate Majority Leader) prior to project commencement. Additional timely research on public authorities is needed to further understand how these entities function not only in New York State, but in the American intergovernmental system.