대학 연계형 은퇴자 커뮤니티(UBRC)의 교육프로그램 운영 실태와 향후 개발방안에 관한 연구 : 건국대학교 '더클래식500'과 명지대학교 '엘펜하임' 사례를 중심으로

윤홍근 강남대학교 융복합대학원 2020 국내석사

As the importance of retirement and lifelong education for baby boomers is emphasized, this research is focused on in-depth interviews which is conducted for UBRC employees at Konkuk University's The Classic 500 and Myongji University's Elpenheim. UBRC(University Based Retirement Community) is the university-based residential complex of Continuous protection system type for senior citizens. Two UBRC places are transformed complex which is incomplete. The results are summarized based on three research questions. First, two UBRC residents in Korea were able to meet the various educational needs of retirees through the use of university-based social education centers, lifelong education centers and club activities. Second, relationship level between retirees and college students was found to be merely volunteering in the form of talent donation such as smartphone usage, library arrangement, and language study. In order to promote generational exchanges between UBRC residents and college students, increasing the exchange effect in the direction of mutual benefit is needed by expanding face-to-face contact opportunities. Third, as a result of conducting the Key informant survey of two professors of universities those are conducting domestic UBRC pilot projects, they evaluated the use of the university's brand in terms of tenant marketing means. Lastly, their responses to the university role and involvement in the development that it is essential for university authorities to provide development sites and to be led by external contractors to cover development and construction costs. For the success of UBRC business, Universities need to develop various and professional education programs and open their own university resources or infrastructures. And local governments need to work with universities to develop lifelong learning programs and build the framework to support UBRC projects. The result of this study highlighted key features of the UBRCs those can be the foundation for the future UBRCs development in Korea.

중국인의 실버타운 선호요인 및 입주의사 결정요인 분석 : 칭다오 시민과 실버타운을 중심으로

호몽요 강남대학교 융복합대학원 2021 국내석사

The “4:2:1” family structure increases the burden of family support, and the traditional family pension function is weakened due to changes in the support consciousness of parents and children, and the elderly are more dependent on social pension. However, the development of social pension industry in China is lagging behind, the service content is single and it lacks of professional staff, so they cannot satisfy the increasing demands of the elderly. Under this background, the Chinese government advocates a variety of pension methods to satisfy the needs of the aging. Sliver town, which is a combination of home care and community service, has gradually caused people's attention. With the development of medical technology, the increase of elderly population due to the increase in the average life expectancy caused the changes in family structure, economic power and values ​​of the elderly, the need to develop the silver town for the elderly is increasing. Therefore, in the silver industry, there is a growing interest in factors that determine preferences and intentions for moving into Silver Town. In this study, the literature survey and the empirical study were combined. The literature survey was collected and analyzed theses, academic papers, and the National Statistical Office data. The questionnaire survey was conducted to citizens in their 20s~50s in Qingdao City, Shandong Province. 390 copies of the questionnaire were collected, and 385 copies, excluding 5 defective responses with missing values ​​in some of the questions, were eventually used for analysis of effect on intention to move into sliver town. The empirical analysis was conducted on economic factors, location factors, facilities and services factors, and demographic factors, which are expected to affect the intention to move into Silver Town. Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed using SPSS PASW Statistics 23, The result is as follows. First, for all respondents, the preferred factors (preferred location, area, entity of establishment and operation, type of residence, type of occupancy, occupancy period, occupancy age), economic factors, locationality factors and facility service factors were analysised. The analysis results are as follows. As a result of analyzing the preference factors when moving into the silver town, it was found that the preferred location of the silver town was in the order of vacation spot, suburbs, and within cities. The residential types of silver towns were in the order of detached houses, apartments, and multi-family houses, and the areas of silver towns were 50~70m2, 70~90m2, 90~100m2, and more than 100m2 in order. The establishment and operation of Silver Town was in the order of the government, independent corporations, local governments, and large corporations, the occupancy method was shown in the order of membership type, long-term lease type, sale type, and short-term lease type. The time to move in was selected as 'after retirement from retirement', 'when there is economic margin', 'when it is difficult to live with children', 'when you are lonely and lonely because of your age', 'when there is a health problem', and 'after the death of your spouse'. Regarding the age of occupancy, they appeared in the order of 75 years old, 70-74 years old, 65-69 years old, and 60-64 years old. 1. As a result of analyzing economic factors, The occupancy deposit was not more than 5,000 yuan, not more than 10,000 yuan, not more than 100,000 yuan, and not more than 50,000 yuan. Monthly living expenses (1 person) were found to be less than 3,000 yuan, less than 3,000 yuan to 5,000 yuan, more than 7,000 yuan, and less than 5,000 to 7,000 yuan. 2. As for the locationality factor, the proximity of the family is the most important factor, and it is found that they prefer convenience facilities and accessibility, transportation convenience, surrounding landscape, access to hospitals, and location appropriateness in order. As for the facility service factor, care and nursing services are the most important factors, and it is found that they prefer regular health check-up services, outdoor space service facilities, physical education facilities, learning programs, hobby and cultural facilities, leisure and entertainment programs, clubs and volunteers in order. 3. The hypothesis testing results presented in this study show that the demographic characteristics of the respondents are related to the determinant of the intention to move in. That is, demographic characteristics were related to Silver Town preference factors, economic factors, location factors, and facility service factors. 4. As the elderly's economic ability has improved and the concept of raising between parents and children has changed the demand for Silver Town is increasing day by day. In order to satisfy the various demands of the elderly to move in, it is necessary to establish policies and systems that are more active than government support as well as the efforts of the Silver Town operator. ‘4:2:1’ 가족구조는 가족 양로부담을 증가시키고, 부모와 자녀의 부양의식 변화 등으로 전통적인 가족 양로 기능이 약화되고 노인들이 사회 양로에 더욱 의존하고 있다. 중국의 사회 양로 산업은 발전이 정체되고, 대다수 양로기관이 제공하는 서비스가 단순하고, 전문 인력이 부족하여, 노인들의 날로 늘어나는 수요를 만족시키지 못하고 있다. 이러한 배경에서 국가는 다양한 양로방식을 발전시켜서 노인의 양로 수요에 적응할 것을 필요가 있으며, 실버타운은 가족 양로와 커뮤니티 양로가 결합한 양로방식으로서 점차 사람들의 관심이 높아지고 있다. 1. 의료수준 발전에 따른 평균수명 증가로 인한 노인 인구 증가 및 경제력 향상은 가족구조와 노인의 가치관 변화를 일으켰으며, 노인을 대상으로 하는 실버타운 개발 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 따라서 실버산업 분야에서는 실버타운에 대한 선호요인 및 입주의사를 결정하는 요인들에 관심이 높아지고 있다. 2. 본 연구는 문헌조사와 실증연구를 병행하였으며, 문헌조사는 학위논문, 학술논문, 통계청 자료 등을 수집 분석하였고, 설문조사는 중국 산둥성 칭다오시 20∼50대 거주자를 대상으로 설문지를 배부하여 회수하였다. 총 390부 설문지가 회수되었으며 이 가운데서 일부 문항에 결측치를 갖고 있는 부실응답 5부를 제외한 385부를 최종적으로 분석에 사용하여 실버타운 입주의사에 영향을 미칠 것이라 예상되는 경제적 요인, 입지성 요인, 시설 서비스 요인 및 인구사회학적 요인들에 대하여 실증적 분석을 진행하였다. 수집된 자료의 통계처리는 SPSS PASW Statistics 23 통계 프로그램을 활용하여 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 3. 우선, 응답자 전체를 대상으로 실버타운 입주 시 선호요인 (선호위치, 면적, 설립·운영 주체, 주거유형, 입주방식, 입주 시기, 입주 연령)과 경제적 요인, 입지성 요인과 시설 서비스 요인을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 4. 실버타운 입주 시 선호요인을 분석한 결과로 실버타운 선호위치는 전원·휴양지, 도시 근교, 도시 내 순으로 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 실버타운 주거유형은 단독주택, 아파트, 다세대 순이었고, 실버타운 면적은 50~70m2, 70∼90m2, 90∼100m2, 100m2이상 순으로 나타났다. 실버타운 설립·운영 주체는 정부, 독립법인, 지방자치단체, 대기업 운영 순이였고, 입주방식은 회원권형, 장기임대형, 분양형, 단기임대형 순으로 나타났다. 입주 시기는 ‘정년퇴직 후’, ‘경제적 여유가 생겼을 때’, ‘자녀와 살기 어려울 때’, ‘연령이 많아 고독하고 외로울 때’, ‘건강상 문제 발생시’, ‘배우자 사망 후’로 선택하였다. 입주 연령은 75세 이후, 70∼74세, 65∼69세, 60∼64세 순으로 나타났다. 5. 경제적 요인을 분석한 결과로 입주 보증금은 5천 위안 이하, 1만 위안 이하, 10만 위안 이하, 5만 위안 이하 순으로 응답하였다. 월생활비(1인) 적정수준에 3,000위안 미만, 3,000∼5,000위안 미만, 7,000위안 이상, 5,000∼7,000위안 미만 순으로 나타났다. 6. 입지성 요인은 가족 근접성을 가장 중요한 요인으로 선호하고 있으며, 편의시설과 접근성, 교통편의, 주변 경관, 병원과 접근성, 위치 적정성 순으로 중요하다고 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 7. 시설 서비스적 요인은 간병 및 간호서비스를 가장 중요한 요인으로 선호하고 있으며, 정기 건강검진 서비스, 옥외 공간 서비스 시설, 체육시설, 학습 프로그램, 취미·문화시설, 여가 및 오락 프로그램과 동호회 및 자원봉사 교류 순으로 중요하다고 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 8. 본 연구에서 제시한 가설 검증 결과를 보면 응답자의 인구사회학적 특성은 입주의사 결정요인과 관련이 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 즉 인구사회학적 특성은 실버타운 선호요인, 경제적 요인, 입지성 요인, 시설 서비스 요인과 관련이 있었다. 최근 노인의 경제 능력 향상, 부모와 자녀 간 부양 관념이 변화함에 따라 실버타운에 대한 수요가 나날이 증가하고 있다. 노인들의 다양한 입주 요구를 만족시키기 위해 실버타운 운영자의 노력뿐만 아니라 정부도 보다 적극적인 정책과 제도를 수립할 필요가 있다.