Effective Tracking Algorithm for Human Following of Mobile Robot with Kinect Sensor

BUI QUANG TAN 경희대학교 대학원 2017 국내석사

Abstract EFFECTIVE TRACKING ALGORITHM FOR HUMAN FOLLOWING OF MOBILE ROBOT WITH KINECT SENSOR By Bui Quang Tan Master in Mechanical Engineering Graduate Shool of Kyung Hee University Advised by Ph.D. Soon-Geul Lee Almost half of jobs in the United States are likely to be automated within the next 20 years. That is the prediction from researchers at the University of Oxford in England. They think more and more machines will be given jobs that people traditionally performed. Robots now work in the food industry and build cars. Other robots can be programmed to welcome people as they arrive at a store or hotel. Imagine that you are in an airport and you have to take care your children. You will be very happy if there is a robot it can follow you and help you to carry your luggage. To do the task the robot must have ability to detect, following human and collision a voidance. In this paper, a vacuum cleaning robot platform equipped by Kinect camera sensor to follow a moving human. The system is defined as the Tracking Human Robot System (THRS). This robot is used as a service robot it can track a person quickly and smoothly on a flat floor and maintain a safe distance to that person. There are several sensors they can be used for human tracking. Ultrasonic sensors transmit and receive ultrasonic waves and determine the distance to an object by calculating the time interval between sending the signal and receiving the echo. They are used to track a human and avoid obstacles by developing an ultrasonic-sensor array. However, ultrasonic-sensors cannot distinguish human from object. RGB cameras, which can deliver the three basic color components (red, green, and blue), are frequently used some image processing software for object detection and tracking. For example, OpenCV, Matlab, and Point Cloud Library (PCL) can be used for image processing. However, 3D motion sensors (or depth sensors) are very likely to supersede other sensors in human tracking due to their reliability and depth sensing ability. A 3D motion sensor is a device that can capture motions in 3D. There are two popular commercial 3D motion sensors, Kinect from Microsoft and Xtion PRO Live from Asus. The Kinect sensor has high resolution (1–75mm) and is more adaptable than the Xtion PRO Live. Human-tracking is easy to realize with 3D motion sensors because they usually come with a software development kit (SDK) that processes color, depth, and skeleton data. With these data, it is convenient to create human-tracking applications. Key Words Tracking Human Robot System (THRS), Kinect sensor, vacuum cleaning robot, collision avoidance.

Variant Conflict Management: Conceptualizing and Investigating Team Conflict Management as a Configural Construct

Tan, Yunzi Columbia University 2013 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The key purpose of this dissertation was to empirically test a new conceptual model of team conflict management (Tan, 2011). Central to this model is a configural team-level construct called variant conflict management (VCM), which refers to the relative levels of cooperative and competitive conflict management among members in a team. This model also identifies three key antecedent categories likely to predict VCM in teams: salient conflict-relevant member characteristics, team contextual determinants, and divergent team dynamics. Three archetypal profiles of VCM, i.e., distinct distributional patterns in members' conflict management approaches, are also proposed: minimum, moderate and maximum VCM profiles. These three profiles are further organized into five sub-types: minimum cooperative, minimum competitive, moderate cooperative, moderate competitive, and maximum VCM profiles. Specifically, this study sought to assess whether the proposed VCM profiles are present in 79 student project teams. It also compared the effects of VCM (based on teams' standard deviation scores) and of mean team conflict management (based on teams' means scores) on three team outcomes: team conflict efficacy, members' satisfaction with their teams' conflict management process, and team effectiveness. This study also investigated the relative effects of the proposed VCM profiles on each of the three team outcomes. Three indicators representing each of the antecedent categories, i.e., gender role diversity, team goal interdependence, and subgroup formation, were also examined as potential predictors of VCM. Using qualitative content coding analyses, it was revealed that all five VCM profiles proposed in the model, i.e., minimum cooperative, minimum competitive, moderate cooperative, moderate competitive, and maximum VCM profiles, were indeed evident in the teams sampled. Three additional profiles described as 'distributed,' 'multiple clusters' and 'midpoint cluster' were also uncovered in the content coding analyses. In the supplementary latent class analyses, four latent classes were identified. Two of these classes corresponded with two of the five proposed VCM profiles: the moderate cooperative and moderate competitive VCM profiles. The third latent class was aligned with the new 'distributed' profile identified in the content coding analyses. As for the fourth latent class, it consisted of the other three proposed VCM profiles, i.e., minimum cooperative, minimum competitive and maximum VCM profiles, as well as the two additional profiles uncovered in the content coding analyses, i.e., 'multiple clusters' and 'midpoint cluster' profiles. Comparisons among the five proposed VCM profiles of their effects on the three team outcomes showed that teams with minimum cooperative VCM profiles reported higher levels of team conflict efficacy than teams with moderate competitive VCM profiles, and they were also more effective than teams with minimum competitive VCM profiles. Teams with minimum competitive VCM profiles, on the other hand, reported the lowest levels of member satisfaction compared to teams with the four other proposed VCM profiles; teams with minimum competitive VCM profiles were also less effective than teams with minimum cooperative and moderate cooperative VCM profiles. Teams with moderate cooperative VCM profiles, relative to those with moderate competitive VCM profiles reported greater team conflict efficacy and team effectiveness. The study results also found no significant effects of VCM (based on teams' standard deviation scores) and of mean team conflict management (based on teams' means scores on cooperative and competitive conflict management respectively) on team conflict efficacy, members' satisfaction with their teams' conflict management process, and team effectiveness. Additionally, no significant associations were found between the three proposed predictor variables, i.e., gender role diversity, team goal interdependence and subgroup formation, and VCM. Implications of these findings for theory, research and practice, along with limitations and future research directions, were also discussed.

(The) doctrine of predestination in John Calvin and Theodore Beza : Did Beza distort Calvin's doctrine of predestination?

Thang, Tan Ceu Asia United Theological University 2018 국내박사

Title: The Doctrine of Predestination in John Calvin and Theodore Beza: Did Beza distort Calvin’s Doctrine of Predestination? Researcher: Tan Ceu Thang Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Major: Systematic Theology University: Asia United Theological University/ACTS Supervisor: Dr. Han Sang Hwa John Calvin was succeeded by Theodore Beza, who served as a moderator for the Company of Pastors in Geneva. Since 1960s, however, a number of modern writers incorrectly accused Beza as distorting Calvin’s doctrine of predestination. In this position, although there is no agreement among themselves, their arguments in generally focus around four areas. Firstly, they said Beza distorted Calvin’s predestination by removing from its soteriological context and placed it in the doctrine of God and the decree. As a result of this relocation, predestination, they said, became speculative, abandoning the Christocentric focus of Calvin’s formulation and became the central principle from which other doctrines were derived. In our study, we agree that Beza certainly attempt to move from Christological to a Trinitarian framework in his treatment of predestination. But that fact cannot be proved as wrong in itself since the work of salvation is essentially a divine act that is not possible without the unity of the persons in the Godhead. More importantly, placement is important for right order of teaching the subject but it does not change the impact and the meaning of the doctrine. Beside this, Beza always insisted, like Calvin, that predestination must be treated in connection with salvation in Christ and the comfort of believers. In fact, his Theocentricism never causes him to abandon the Christocentricism. Moreover, not only Calvin and Beza but also Reformed theologians, whether treating predestination in the locus of theology or in the locus of soteriology, whether infra or supra, have always insisted that predestination must be treated in connection with salvation in Christ, the comfort of believers and a calling to walk in piety. Secondly, modern writers assumed that Beza diverged in his innovation of supralapsarian definition of predestination. They alleged Calvin as teaching an infralapsarian view of predestination. To see the matter in its historical context, Pighius discussed the order of divine decree with his view of fourfold order in his attacks on Calvin’s predestination. Unfortunately, Calvin responses to Pighius, De Aeterna Dei Praedestinatione (1552), but did not present his position in terms of an order of decrees. But as Beza stood to defense Calvin’s view, Bolsec’s controversy prompted him to think the best way to formulate the Reformed view. In that context, the supralapsarian order of predestination enabled him, in a sophisticated way, to affirm an absolutely unconditional predestination. He adopted supralapsarian stance as the most consistent approach to encounter with the notion of foreseen faith or unbelief as the basic for election and reprobation, the view advocated by his opponents, Pighius and more recently by Bolsec. Calvin may posit something that indicates sympathy with supra or infra position, but he never presents his view in terms of the order of decree. While he escaped the infra-supra debate; Beza adopted a strong supralapsarian position. However, in his letter to Calvin on 29 July 1555, Beza discussed the order of decree in God’s mind. In that letter, Beza offered his supralapsarian opinion in terms of both the order of decree and object of predestination. So, history affirmed that not only Beza discussed his works with Calvin but also published with an approval from Calvin. Calvin did not refuse Beza’s supralapsarian although he himself did not directly set forth in his final Institutes. Thirdly, the modern writers accused Beza as distorting “Calvin’s biblical oriented theology into a rigid scholasticism by reading him through Aristotelian spectacles.” In our study, we notice that Calvin did not totally against Scholasticism, but employed selective use of scholasticism in his treatment of predestination. Likewise, although Beza employed more scholastic than Calvin did, he also made a selective use of those. In the ground of theological debate, he allowed logic and rationality to play much larger role in his thought than Calvin did. In Beza’s theology, however, there is no indication of departure from Scripture. He never used reason in equal status with revelation. To put as simple as possible, scholastic simply means academic with various positive. Hence, Beza was scholastic in the sense that he was engaged in academic training of pastors and the ongoing defense and academic development and refinement of Reformed thought in the face of polemical attacks. In addition, the different between Calvin and Beza is also made in the concept of the extent of Christ’s atonement. Kendall, for example, claimed that Calvin did not teach limited atonement, but general or universal atonement. Again from historical context, in the controversy with Lutherans, Beza sharply presented his view of particular atonement which indicated more consistency with the concept of eternal predestination. This position enables him to refuse against the Lutherans’ view that ‘Christ’s death is sufficient for all but efficient only for the elects.’ The Lutherans asserted election but not reprobation, and gave more substantial role to human free will in salvation. Hence, for Beza, like Calvin, it was crucial to maintain that salvation is ultimately depended upon divine grace, in contrast to human choice or a combination thereof. For Beza, it was not a matter of whether Christ’s death is sufficient or not, but more about the eternal decree and the purpose for whom Christ offered himself. Calvin did not clearly state on this matter, but when universalism and particularism are in conflicted, particularism will always succeeded in his view. On the basic of these four points, modern writers claim Beza as distorting Calvin’s view but others see them as the development. The modern writers made overstatement by using strong expression such as distorted, altered, changed. By showing the difference between Calvin and his followers, Paul Helm even stated that after Calvin’s death, the tradition is broken. Some accused Beza as teaching decretal theology which is unpreachable doctrine. In fact, predestination never hindered Paul, Augustine, Calvin and Beza to do the work of missions and evangelizations. Apparently, most of the modern writers, if not all, who argued against Beza are the people who dislike the truth of sovereign reprobation. They want to maintain Arminian concept of reprobation while at the same time seeking the support from Calvin. Although Calvin taught predestination in soteriological context, but by linking predestination with the Christian comfort and godly piety, he never failed to teach God’s sovereignty over election and reprobation. Beza therefore faithfully carried and maintained Calvin’s doctrine. His theology does not differ from Calvin’s as much as historians claim. In fact, a quantitative distinction and different emphasis might be the slight deviations that could be safely and accurately placed between them. Therefore, this dissertation shows Beza’s role as generally successful attempt to develop, clarify and render more precise doctrinal definition.

Genetic and proteomic analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and its vaccine development

DO, VAN TAN Kangwon National University 2020 국내박사

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was determined as the etiologic agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). PED is characterized by acute enteritis, watery diarrhea, weight loss, dehydration, and high mortality in neonatal piglets that causes significant economic losses in the swine industry. The goals of this thesis are to characterize features of virulent PEDVs, particularly virus genetic phylogeny and proteomic analysis, and to develop a novel vaccine against PEDV infection. Genetic analyses of the full-length S gene of 3 Vietnam PEDV isolates (HID9047, HID9048, and HID9049) during 2016-2017 showed that all 3 isolates belong to genogroup 2a with significant variations, share unique genetic features with PEDVs circulated in Vietnam during 2013-2015, and closely relate to the Asian strains. Experiments in animals demonstrated that antisera from guinea pigs immunized with the vaccine strain resulted in higher levels of neutralizing antibody of 5 log2 against the homologous strain, and showed a relatively lower of neutralizing antibody against the field isolates. The full-length S gene analysis of a Korea PEDV isolate in 2017 (HID9050) revealed that HID9050 belongs to genogroup 1a along with prototype CV777 and Korea isolates prior to 2017. Proteomic analysis of HID9050 and an attenuated PEDV vaccine strain DR13 (avDR13) illustrated that the differences in expression levels of virus proteins were observed in 3 proteins of avDR13 and 44 proteins of HID9050. Notably, 16 expressed proteins were detected only in avDR13, and 10 expressed proteins were found only in HID9050. These results speculate that PEDV infection in cells could be associated with the alteration and rearrangement of protein expression from avDR13 and HID9050, and might contribute to the altered pathogenicity of the virus in pigs. In order to develop an effective vaccine against PEDV infection, a recombinant adenovirus was employed to express the core neutralizing epitope (COE) of PEDV and the heat-labile enterotoxin B (LTB) of Escherichia coli (rAd-LTB-COE). The rAd-LTB-COE induced good humoral, mucosal immune responses, and cell mediated immune response in mice and piglets. Furthermore, neutralizing antibodies induced by rAd-LTB-COE could inhibit both PEDV genogroups 1 and 2, suggesting a strong candidate for the next generation of PED vaccination strategies. These findings could contribute to further understanding the pathogenicity of PEDV and suggest a promising vaccine with high efficacy

중국 라이브스트리밍커머스이용자의제 3 자효과지각에관한연구

TAN, SHIXIAO 이화여자대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

라이브 스트리밍 커머스가 보편화됨에 따라 거대한 상업적 잠재력과 이로 인한 거래 규모가 급증함에 따라 갈수록 많은 사람의 관심을 받게 되고 있지만 동시에 이에 수반되는 다양한 문제점도 제시되고 있다. 이러한 문제점들은 이용자의 태도 에 직·간접적으로 영향을 미침으로써 구매의도에 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 논문은 제 3 자 효과의 관점에서 이용자의 편향적 지각을 연구함을 통해 라이브 스트리밍 커머스에 대한 이용자의 태도와 구매의도를 검토하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구 는 라이브 스트리밍 커머스 시청 경험이 있는 중국인 364 명을 대상으로 먼저 라 이브 스트리밍 커머스 중 제 3 자 효과가 존재하는지 알아보고, 동시에 어떤 요소 가 제3자 효과 지각에 영향을 미치는지, 그리고 제3자 효과 지각과 이용자 태도, 구매의도 사이의 관계를 고찰하였다. 결과를 살펴보면 라이브 커머스의 문제점에 대해 제 3 자 효과가 존재하며, 사람 들은 자신보다 타인에게 더 큰 영향을 미친다고 생각하는 것으로 나타났다. 사회 적 거리가 변화함에 따라 제 3 자 효과에 대한 지각도 달라지며, 사회적 거리가 가 까운 친구나 가족보다는 거리가 먼 일반 타인에 대한 제 3 자 효과 지각이 더 강 하다. 또한 메시지 바람직성과 자아 존중감이 제 3 자 효과 지각의 주요 영향 변수 이었음을 보여주며, 메시지 바람직성이 낮을수록 제 3 자 효과 지각이 강하고, 자 아 존중감이 높을수록 제 3 자 효과 지각이 강한 것으로 나타났다. 이 밖에 제 3 자 효과 지각과 이용자 태도 사이에도 유의미한 영향이 나타났다. 그 결과 제 3 자 효 과 지각이 강할수록 라이브 스트리밍 커머스에 대한 사람들의 긍정적 인식이 낮 아지고 이용자 태도도 소극적이며 라이브 스트리밍 커머스에서 제품을 구매하려 는 의도도 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 제 3 자 효과에 대한 편향적 지각 측정을 통해 라 이브 스트리밍 커머스 문제점의 영향이 실제로 과소평가 되거나 과대평가 되고 있는지 평가할 수 있으며, 적절한 규제 정책 수립에 참고가 된다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 그리고, 향후 라이브 스트리밍 콘텐츠와 관련된 서비스를 제공하는 개인 또는 기업의 방향 제시에도 도움이 될 것으로 보인다. With the popularity of live streaming commerce, the huge commercial potential and the resulting increase in the scale of transactions have attracted more and more people's attention, but also raised various questions. These problems directly or indirectly affect users' attitudes and thus purchase intentions. From the perspective of third-person effects, this paper discusses users' attitudes and purchase intentions towards live streaming commerce by studying users' biased perceptions. To this end, this study takes 364 Chinese people who have experience in live streaming commerce and viewing, firstly to understand whether there is a third-person effect in live streaming commerce, and to examine what factors will affect the perception of third-person effects, and the relationship between three-person effect perception and user attitudes and purchase intentions. The research results show that people have a third-person effect on the problem of live streaming commerce, and they think that they have a greater impact on others than themselves.As social distance changes, so does the perception of third-person effects, and the perception of third-person effects is stronger for ordinary people who are farther away than friends or family members who are socially closer. In addition, message-desirability and self-esteem are the main influencing variables of third-person effect perception. The lower the message-desirability, the stronger the third-person effect perception, and the higher the self-esteem, the stronger the third-person effect perception. In addition, there were also meaningful effects between third-person effect perception and user attitudes. The results show that the stronger the perception of third-person effect, the lower people's affirmative awareness of live streaming commerce, the more negative the user's attitude, and the lower the intention to purchase products on the live streaming commerce platform. Based on such research results, by measuring the biased perception of third-party effects, it is possible to evaluate whether the impact of live streaming commerce problems is really underestimated or overrated, which is of great importance in formulating appropriate regulatory policies. In addition, it is expected to be helpful in presenting the direction of individuals or companies that provide services related to live streaming content in the future.

공동 브랜딩 제품의 소비자평가에 관한 연구 : 제품적합성과 브랜드적합성

TAN FAN 경희대학교 대학원 2020 국내석사

공동 브랜딩(co-branding)은 브랜드의 미지와 명성(awareness)을 높이는 중요한 브랜드전략이다. (Voss and Tansuhaj,1999). 본 논문은 공동 브랜딩 제품의 관점에서 Simonin & Ruth의 연구를 참조하고 실증적으로 구성 브랜드 간의 브랜드적합성(brand-brand fit) 과 제품적합성(product-product fit)은 소비자평가에 대해 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 검증한다. 또한, 관여도가 높은 (high involvement)상황에서 파트너 일치성은 일치(Congruity)와 불일치 (highly incongruity)보다 약간 불일치(Moderately incongruity)때 소비자평가가 더 긍정적으로 나타났다. (Meyers-Levy,1994; Maoz&Tybout,2002). 그 관점에서 제품적합성과 브랜드적합성이 (낮) 높을 때 관여도는 소비자평가에 대해 어떤 조절효과가 있는지를 탐구하기 위해 실험을 실시했다. 그 결과를 보니까 제품적합성과 브랜드적합성이 공동 브랜딩 제품에 소비자평가에 대해 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 그 뿐만 아니라 제품적합성과 브랜드적합성이 낮을 때 관여도가 소비자평가에 대해 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 반면에 제품적합성이 높을 때 관여도가 소비자평가에 대해 영향을 미치지 않는다. branding, including product category fit and brand image fit (Aaker and Keller, 1990; Bhat and Reddy, 2001; Park et al., 1991; Simonin and Ruth, 1998). The empirical research discussed in this paper replicates and expands the model of Simonin and Ruth (1998), which studies the fit between two brand images (ie, brand-brand fit) and when evaluating new cobranded products, the two Fit between the existing product categories (ie product-product fit). The study of Maoz and Tybout (2002) found that when task involvement is low, consistent brand expansion is beneficial; while when task involvement is high, moderate inconsistency is beneficial. Therefore, an adjustment variable is added to the experiment. Integrated research to explore the fit between products and the fit between brand images has a positive impact on the consumer evaluation. By analyzing the results of all studies, the main finding is that when the low fit between the exciting products and images of the two brands, the involvement has a positive effect on consumer evaluation. Analyzing the results of all the studies, the main finding here is that when the low fit between two brand exciting products and images the has a positive impact on consumer evaluation. When there is a high fit between the exciting products and pictures of the two brands, the degree involvement has no affect the consumer's evaluation.

Family financial socialization and retirement accounts management practice : Focusing on the mediation effects of objective and subjective financial knowledge

Tan, Lu Sungkyunkwan University 2024 국내석사

Financial education programs are strongly recommended to enhance individuals' financial knowledge and cultivate responsible financial behaviors. As a form of financial education, family financial socialization also plays a pivotal role in shaping both financial knowledge and behaviors. This study aimed to examine the unique associations between two family financial socialization methods (parental financial communication, experiential learning) in childhood and adolescence and retirement accounts management practice in adulthood, with a specific emphasis on exploring the mediation effects of objective and subjective financial knowledge. To do so, this study applied Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) analysis to examine the effects of family financial socialization on both objective and subjective financial knowledge. Multinomial logistic analysis was utilized to explore the influence of family financial socialization and financial knowledge on retirement accounts management practice. The Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) method was conducted to decompose the total effects into direct and indirect effects in nonlinear models. This study utilized data from the 2022 Financial Well-being Survey, with a final analysis dataset of 1,949 respondents after excluding retirees. The analyses were conducted using STATA 17 software. The main findings were as follows. Firstly, parental financial communication was positively related to subjective financial knowledge, while experiential learning of finance was positively related to objective financial knowledge. Secondly, parental financial communication was positively related to retirement accounts management practice and this relationship was mediated by subjective financial knowledge. Thirdly, experiential learning of finance and objective financial knowledge had no significant effect on retirement accounts management practice. This study revealed the unique links between various family financial socialization methods and financial outcomes and contributed to the literature by exploring the effective strategies to enhance financial retirement preparation. The findings underscored the important role of family financial socialization on retirement preparation behavior, advocating for diverse financial socialization methods to promote both objective and objective financial knowledge.

지방정부 공무원의 공공봉사동기의 영향요인 : 중국 산서성 타이위안시 공무원 중심으로

Tan, Yazhi 연세대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

공공봉사동기는 Perry & Wise(1990)가 최초로 제기하기 시작부터 현재까지 지속적 으로 탐구되어 왔으며 국제적 학제적 분야가 되었다. 많은 연구들은 공공봉사동기의 효 과성을 검증하였기 때문에 그의 중요성이 더더욱 부각되었다. 그러나, 공공서비스 개선 과 부정부패 근절은 여전히 공공부문에서 해결해야 할 과제 중 하나인데 이 문제점들은 공직자들의 공공봉사동기가 부족한 것에 기인한다. 다른 한편으로, 학계에서 공공봉사동 기의 영향요인에 관한 연구들이 아직 부족하다. 따라서, 본 연구는 공공봉사동기의 선행 요인을 연구하기 위해서 먼저 공공봉사동기에 관한 이론적 배경과 한국, 해외, 중국의 관련 문헌들을 검토하였다. 선행연구 결과에 토대로 중국 공공봉사동기에 관한 연구들 중에 개인적 차원과 조직적 차원에서 체계적으로 탐구되지 못한 요인들을 채택하여 가 설을 설정하였다. 본 연구는 중국 산서성 타이위안시 위생건강위원회와 출입국 세관의 재직 공무원들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구방법은 STATA MP 16.0을 사 용해서 위계적 회귀분석으로 공공봉사동기의 전체적 수준 및 각 하위차원의 영향요인을 분석하였다. 연구결과는 아래와 같이 정리한다. 인구통계학적 변수 중에 재직기간이 총 체적으로 공공봉사동기에 긍정적 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 성별과 학력은 공공봉사동기에 대해 통계적 유의성이 있음을 확인하였다. 개인적 차원에서 개인봉사경 험과 부모의 가치 & 교양은 공공봉사동기에 매우 강한 긍정적 영향을 끼쳤다. 똑같은 봉사경험이지만 부모와 봉사활동에 참여하는 것은 오히려 자아희생에만 유의성이 나타 났다. 그리고 부모의 공직경험은 동정심에만 유의하게 부정적 영향을 미쳤으며 전체적 수준과 기타 하위변수에서 유의성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 조직적 차원에서 교육훈련과 업무수행역량은 부분적으로 공공봉사동기에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤으며 위계문화는 공 공봉사동기에 대해 총체적으로 긍정적 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연 구는 공공봉사동기의 개인적 요인과 조직적 요인을 분석한 결과에 바탕으로 정책적 함 의를 도출하였다. The public service motivation has been continuously explored since the beginning of Perry & Wise (1990) and has become an international interdisciplinary field. It importance was further highlighted because many studies verified the effectiveness of public service motivation. However, improving public services and eradicating corruption are still one of the challenges in the public sector, which due to the lack of public service motivation by public officials. On the other hand, the studies on the influencing factors of public service motivation are still insufficient. Therefore, in order to study the preceding factors of public service motivation, this study first reviewed the theoretical background of public service motivation and related Korean, English and Chinese literature. Based on the results of previous studies, hypotheses were established by adopting factors that were not systematically explored at the individual and organizational levels among studies on Chinese public service motivation. This study conducted a survey of public officials in charge of the Taiyuan City Health Commission and immigration customs in Shanxi Province, China. As for the research method, STATA MP 16.0 was used to analyze the overall level of public service motivation, and the influencing factors of each sub-dimensional through hierarchical regression analysis. The research results are summarized as follows. Among the demographic variables, it was found that the tenure had a positive effect on the motivation for public service as a whole. In addition, it was confirmed that gender and educational background have statistical significance for public service motivation. At the individual level, personal volunteering experience and parental values & culture had a very strong positive effect on public service motivation. Although it was the same volunteering experience, participating in volunteer activities with parents was rather significant only for self-sacrifice. In addition, parents' experience in public office had a significantly negative effect only on sympathy, and there was no significance in the overall level and other sub-variables. At the organizational level, education and training and work performance capabilities partially had a positive effect on public service motivation, and hierarchical culture was found to have a positive effect on public service motivation overall. Finally, this study derived policy implications based on the results of analyzing the personal and organizational factors of public service motivation.

A Label-free Fiber Optical Biosensor using Surface Plasmon Resonance for Disease Diagnosis

TAN TAI NGUYEN Gachon University 2016 국내박사

In this dissertation, I present the label-free optical fiber sensor utilizing surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with non-golden bimetallic deposition (Ag-Al) for protein sensing. The SPR fiber sensor was made out of hard polymer clad multimode fiber with its cladding replaced by bimetallic layer comprising of silver (outer layer) and aluminum (inner layer) in nanometer thickness. The proposed system with the fiber sensor head requires non spectrograph, while maintaining high enough sensitivity for bio-sensing application. The minimum detectable refractive index (RI) of 5.8 ×10-6 was practically obtained with the wide operating range of 0.05 refractive index unit (RIU) utilizing a monochromatic wavelength operation. The high sensitivity and wide operating RI range of the detection, which are induced by the combination effects of SPR-produced birefringence and SPR-attenuated intensity change. I also demonstrated a regenerative label-free quantitative measurement of fibrinogen for clinical diagnosis in real-time manner. An optical biosensor head utilizing a hard polymer clad multimode optical fiber and the cladding was replaced by metallic layers of silver (Ag), aluminum (Al) and nickel (Ni) in nanometer thickness. The Ni layer offers efficient immobilization and dissociation of Histidine tagged peptide which can capture immunoglobulin G (IgG) for selective recognition of fibrinogen. The detection limit presented was estimated around 10 pM that was sufficient for detection of proteins in clinical diagnosis such as myocardial infarction, Alzheimer’s disease, strokes or cardiovascular diseases. In addition, the sensor surface can be regenerated by rinsing process with imidazole and acetic acid. The regeneration of the sensor surface enhanced reusability of the sensors and allowed for using in place where human access is restricted. I presented the integrated device for real-time quantitative detection of PCR products. The integrated device presented consisted of the chip with microchannel designed for PCR and the label-free optical fiber sensor with bimetallic (Ag/Al) coating for SPR excitation. The target DNA of Salmonella spp. was amplified by PCR process performed at 95 oC (denaturation) and 60 oC (annealing/extension) for 30 minutes. The PCR products were measured with fluorophore-free SPR optical fiber sensor. The reusability of the device was also demonstrated by washing with distilled water and three different measurements performed for amplicon detection with the same integrated device. The label-free optical fiber sensor would easy be miniaturized and integrated into a lab-on-chip platform. This feature with sensor merits lead to offer potential applications for biosensor in extreme places such as underground, cosmic space or deserted lands in where human access is limited.

중국 지린성 교육재정 지출이 경제성장에 미치는 영향

Tan, Jialu 세종대학교 대학원 2023 국내박사

Achieving the goal of long-term sustainable and stable economic development includes both healthy and reasonable growth of gross domestic product and structural upgrading within industries. In different periods of economic development, using different resource endowments and adopting different production methods to reasonably and effectively promote the development of the region's economy and the improvement of people's living standards is the goal of macroeconomics in a long-term quest. Based on the consideration of how to improve the development efficiency and development quality, we rely on the macroeconomic data from China's National Bureau of Statistics to conduct an empirical analysis to study the impact and mechanism of financial education investment on the economic growth of Jilin Province. Education investment is an extremely important foundational strategic investment to support the development of a region. In China, financial investment in education is the main way of investment in education, which accounts for a great proportion of education investment. It is an important element of local government financial spending, and its share of financial spending and GRDP has been increasing in recent years. Many scholars have done empirical studies on the impact of financial investment in education on economic growth, but the mechanisms of financial investment in education on economic growth and the heterogeneity of different regions are still rarely explored. In this paper, we try to solve the above difficulties by using provincial panel data of Jilin Province to conduct empirical regression analysis to study the impact of local financial education investment on regional economic growth. Based on the 2010-2020 China Urban Statistical Yearbook data, a fixed-effects model is used to explore the impact of financial education investment on economic growth in Jilin Province. The study shows that, first, an increase in financial investment in education in Jilin Province significantly increased regional GRDP. Second, from the perspective of heterogeneity, (1) government education expenditure has a significantly negative impact on the less developed cities, while has no significant effect on the economically developed cities. (2) compared to pre-2015, during post-2015 '13th Five-Year Plan ' period, Jilin province government education expenditure has a significant effect on promoting regional GRDP growth. After analyzing the regional differences, we found some reasonable explanations for heterogeneity. Third, to solve the endogeneity issue, the conclusions of the paper are reconfirmed through systematic GMM and differential GMM endogeneity tests. Fourth, Using the mediating effect model, the mechanism of influence of educational fiscal expenditure on regional economic growth through the secondary industry compared to GRDP was verified. In regards of recommendations. First, it is suggested that each region of Jilin Province should adopt different financial education investment strategies according to local economic development level; economically underdeveloped regions should optimize the structure of local education investment, and economically developed regions should increase education expenditure and research expenditure. Second, the education department should improve the effective utilization of education resources, increase the proportion of investment in vocational colleges and universities, and focus on the cultivation of innovative talents. Third, for primary, secondary and tertiary industries, Jilin Province should speed up the adjustment of industrial structure, develop green agriculture, focus on supporting high-tech and high-end manufacturing industries, and accelerate the development of modern service industries. Fourth, Jilin Province should improve the return mechanism of education investment and patent system and optimize the use of state education financial investment. The government should provide financial subsidies and reduce taxes and fees for the service industry, while improving the level of information technology in rural areas. 장기적이고 지속 가능하며 안정적인 경제발전의 목표 달성에는 생산총액의 건실하고 합리적인 성장은 물론 산업 내부의 구조 업그레이드도 필요하다. 경제발전 단계에 따라 부존자원을 이용해 각기 다른 생산방식을 취해 합리적이고 효과적으로 지역 경제발전과 국민 생활 수준의 향상을 촉진하는 것은 거시경제학이 장기적으로 탐색하고 있는 목표이다. 어떻게 발전수준과 발전의 질을 개선할 수 있는지 사고에 기반해 본 논문은 중국국가통계국의 거시경제데이터를 통한 실증분석을 진행해 교육재정투자가 지린성 경제성장에 미치는 영향과 메커니즘을 연구하였다. 교육투자는 한 지역발전을 지탱하는 매우 중요한 기초적 전략투자이다. 현재 중국에서 정부의 교육재정 투자는 교육투자에서 매우 중요한 비중을 차지하고 있으며, 지방정부 재정지출에서도 마찬가지이다. 또한, 최근 몇 년간 재정지출과 GRDP에서 차지하는 비중도 점점 커지고 있다. 많은 학자들이 교육재정투자가 경제성장에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 실증 연구를 진행하였지만, 교육재정 투자가 경제성장에 미치는 영향의 메커니즘 및 각기 다른 지역의 이질성에 관한 연구는 여전히 많지 않다. 본 연구에서는 2010~2020년 중국 도시 통계연감의 데이터를 기반으로 고정 효과모형을 사용해 지린성의 교육재정 지출이 경제성장에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지린성에서 교육재정 지출을 늘리자 지역 총생산증가율이 유의하게 증가하였다. 둘째, 이질성의 시각에서 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. (1) 재정교육에 대한 투자는 경제발전이 느린 도시의 경제성장에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 유의한 반면, 재정교육에 대한 투자는 경제발전이 빠른 도시의 경제성장에 긍정적인 영향을 미치지만 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. (2) 2015년 이전과 비교할 때 2015년 이후는 󰡐13차 5개년 계획󰡑 시행 후 교육재정 지출의 증가가 지역 총생산증가율의 유의한 증가를 촉진하였다. 지역적 차이를 분석한 후, 이러한 이질성에 대한 합리적인 설명을 하였다. 셋째, 가능한 내생적 문제를 해결하기 위하여 시스템 GMM과 차분 GMM 내생성 검증을 통해 본 연구의 결론을 다시 검증하였다. 넷째, 매개 효과모형을 사용하여 교육재정 지출이 GRDP 대비 제2차산업을 통해 지역 경제성장에 미치는 원전매개 효과 영향 메커니즘을 검증하였다. 이러한 분석에 근거하며 다음과 같은 정책 방향을 제시한다. 첫째, 지린성의 각 지역은 경제발전수준에 따라 다른 재정 교육투자 전략을 채택하고, 경제발전이 느린 도시는 지역 교육투자 구조를 최적화하고, 경제발전이 빠른 도시는 교육 지출과 과학연구 지출을 늘려야 한다. 둘째, 교육 부문은 교육자원의 효과적인 활용률을 높이고 직업대학에 대한 투자비율을 높이며 혁신적인 인재 양성에 주의를 기울여야 한다. 셋째, 1차, 2차, 3차산업에 대해 지린성 경영은 산업구조 조정과 녹색 농업 발전을 가속화하고 첨단기술 산업과 고급 제조업 등 실체를 지원하는 데 중점을 두고 현대 서비스 산업의 발전을 가속해야 한다. 넷째, 지린성은 교육투자 수익 메커니즘과 특허 시스템을 개선하고 국가 교육 재정투입 및 사용을 최적화하며 서비스 산업에 대한 재정 보조금, 세금 및 수수료 절감 등의 수단을 제공하여 농촌 정보화 수준을 향상해야 한다.