French literary and cinematic response to the contemporary fait divers: Discursive struggles and resistance (Claire Denis, Bernard-Marie Koltes)

Reisinger, Deborah Streifford The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2001 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This dissertation focuses on the role of the <italic>fait divers</italic> as a site of discursive struggle in France in the 1980's. It illustrates how two sensational crimes, the Paulin and Succo <italic>affaires</italic>, function as mobile signifiers about crime, <italic>insécurité </italic>and the Other in contemporary France. Through an analysis of Claire's Denis film, <underline> J'ai pas sommeil</underline> (1994), and Bernard-Marie Koltès' play, <underline> Roberto Zucco</underline> (1990), this project demonstrates that these rewritings of the crime story offer alternative, complex readings of the fait divers that effectively subvert the media's sensational coverage. The controversial reception of these works is testimony to these artists' success. This project employs a context-activated cultural studies model to situate these <italic>grandes affaires</italic> in the larger cultural and political context of the 1980's; its objective is to underline how media and politicians use the <italic>fait divers</italic> as a tool for upholding dominant ideology. By emphasizing the immediacy of crime and creating a climate of <italic>insécurité </italic>, executive authority is constructed, legal control is increased, and alternative politics are quieted. This dissertation draws on John Fiske's understanding of contemporary discourse as a struggle, Tony Bennett's notion of “the activated text” (as a mobile signifier), and Janet Staiger's distinction between real and imaginary readers. It analyzes the complex processes of production, reception, and literary and cinematic re-articulation that contribute to the representation of crime in contemporary French society. Both Denis' and Koltès' works function to subvert the dominant discourse on crime that contrasts an evil criminal with a sane public. Through characters who seek out the criminal despite the warnings of media and law enforcement, these rewritings empower the individual character by challenging the subjectivity of media and law enforcement. Characters' frequent dismissal of police, guards, and the media (and thus their relative powerlessness over the public) reveals not a passive boredom with the <italic>fait divers</italic>, as Jean Baudrillard has erroneously claimed, but rather a growing cynicism with the institutions that generate its representations. This project concludes that the <italic>fait divers</italic> is an important indicator of social and political resistance for readers and artists alike in contemporary France.

United States internal migration as a response to the economic restructuring of local labor market areas' economies: 1985--1990

Reisinger, Mark Eugene Indiana University 2001 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The central issue in this research is the role that migration plays in the adjustment of local labor markets when those labor markets experience structural changes. The research is organized around the general hypothesis that the importance of migration as an adjustment mechanism varies widely across occupations so that the amount of migration into or out of a local area depends not so much on the total change in employment as the distribution of that change over different occupational categories. The research is grounded in notions of differential economic restructuring across employment sectors and geographic space, as well as migration selectivity by occupation. The response of workers in twenty-nine occupation and industry categories to sectoral employment change and average wages is analyzed for three hundred and eighty-two Labor Market Areas in the United States. An unconstrained competing destinations model, a special class of spatial interaction models, was employed for the statistical analyses. Twenty-nine models, one representing each of the occupation and industry categories being analyzed, were fitted using data from the U.S. Census Bureau's County to County Migration Flow Files and U.S.A. Counties database. Results indicate that there is a significant variation in the response of workers in various occupations to employment changes and a Labor Market Area's average wages. As was hypothesized, workers in occupations that require high levels of education and skills are more responsive, in terms of migration, to economic opportunities in Labor Market Areas. It was also hypothesized that highly educated and skilled workers would show a greater propensity to migrate longer distances. However, the results do not support this hypothesis. Coefficients obtained from the estimation of the models indicate that workers with modest amounts of education and fewer skills have a less negative response to distance in their migration patterns. Further investigation revealed that the median distance of migration for both groups of workers is similar. This suggests that opportunities for highly educated and skilled workers may be clustering in relatively few areas that are in close proximity, and those for blue-collar workers are dispersing throughout the country.

An Economic Evaluation of Two Community Health Worker Models of Tobacco Dependence Treatments among Ohio Appalachian Smokers

Reisinger, Sarah A ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The Ohio State Uni 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Background: Tobacco use poses a significant economic burden on public health. Tobacco dependence treatments are highly cost-effective; however, these methods are typically clinical in nature and may exclude groups who are disadvantaged. Identifying alternative cost-effective approaches is essential to improve health outcomes.Objective: The social ecological model (SEM) is applied to illustrate how economically informed policy, such as the cost-effectiveness of two evidence-based community health worker (CHW) models, can lead to sustainable benefits. This study: (1) systematically assessed the cost-effectiveness and quality of economic evaluations of community-based tobacco dependence treatments conducted as randomized controlled trials in the U.S.; (2) evaluated the cost-effectiveness of two evidence-based CHW-promoted models of tobacco dependence treatments among adult Ohio Appalachian smokers at end-of-treatment, and six and 12 months post-treatment; and (3) determined the difference in cost-effectiveness by subgroups.Methods: The systematic review searched eight databases and grey literature from their beginning to February 2018. Studies included focused on community-based tobacco dependence treatments conducted as randomized trials within the U.S. and excluded targeted populations unless they were disadvantaged. Two independent researchers reviewed nine publications and used Drummond and Jefferson’s economic evaluation checklist to assess quality. The economic evaluations utilized data from a group randomized trial comparing the effectiveness of two CHW models of tobacco dependence treatment among adult Appalachian smokers (NCT02695225) where participants were assigned to a CHW face-to-face condition or a CHW-promoted quitline condition. The provider perspective was used to determine the cost per quit and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Results were stratified by cigarettes per day and depression score subgroups.Results: The systematic review revealed the most cost-effective interventions had costs per quit or ICERs less than $6800. When examining the cost-effectiveness of two CHW interventions, the CHW quitline condition had the lowest cost per quit at each time point for both biochemically confirmed and self-reported outcomes. Costs per quit ranged from $3200 to $5450 for the CHW quitline condition and $7400 to $9800 for CHW face-to-face condition. ICERs ranged from $10,500 to $28,500. Both CHW models were more cost-effective among the lower risk subgroups. The quitline condition was most cost-effective with an average cost per quit of $2900 for both subgroups. The average cost per quit for the face-to-face condition ranged from $4100 to $6300 for the low risk subgroups. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that community-based tobacco dependence treatments within the U.S. are cost-effective among disadvantaged populations, such as Appalachia Ohio. When strategically engaged, economically informed tobacco control policies, such as CHW approaches, address community and individual smokers’ needs at and through multiple levels of the SEM; thereby reducing smoking prevalence and relapse rates, and improving health outcomes. Subgroup analyses underlined the importance of assessing intrapersonal characteristics and the potential to bundle multi-level services to address the needs of smokers with greater risk of relapse. These findings can inform future tobacco control efforts, address disparities, and impact public health in low resource and hard-to-reach communities.

Social Spillovers in Beliefs, Preferences, and Well-Being

Reisinger, James Harvard University ProQuest Dissertations & Theses 2022 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The papers in this dissertation empirically estimate the causal effect of our social environment on our beliefs, preferences, and well-being. I present clear evidence that our decisions are not made in isolation. Rather, our very beliefs and preferences are shaped by our neighbors. Even our happiness may depend on the circumstances of those around us. The first paper reports evidence that neighbors with strong preferences or beliefs around politics, religion, or race are likely to shape our beliefs and preferences. In fact, the migration of individuals with strong preferences appears to be a key determinant of geographic patterns in political outcomes in contemporary America. The second paper shows how social context shapes reports of psychological well-being commonly used in important longitudinal surveys. Individuals understate the symptoms of depression and overstate their happiness when reporting directly to another individual. The final papers tests the relative income hypothesis showing that we are less happy when our neighbors become relatively richer. However, we find no evidence that individuals are averse to increases in income inequality.

Structural and biochemical studies of the Tup1 and Mat alpha2 proteins from yeast

Sprague, Elizabeth Reisinger The Johns Hopkins University 2000 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Transcriptional repression of the yeast mating-type genes occurs when the Tup1/Ssn6 corepressor complex is brought to the DNA by the Matα2 DNA-binding protein and assembled upstream of the <bold>a</bold>-specific and haploid-specific genes. In order to gain insight into the protein-protein interactions that specify the recruitment of Tup1 by Matα2, I undertook biochemical and structural studies of these proteins. I have determined the 2.3 Å x-ray crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of Tup1, a 43 kDa fragment that binds directly to the Matα2 protein. This portion of the protein can partially substitute for full-length Tup1 in bringing about transcriptional repression. The structure reveals a seven-bladed β-propeller with an N-terminal subdomain that is anchored to the side of the propeller and extends the β-sheet of one of the blades. Point mutations in Tup1 that specifically affect the Tup1-Matα2 interaction cluster on one surface of the propeller. I have identified regions on the surface of Tup1 that are conserved among the fungal Tup1 homologs and may be important in protein-protein interactions with additional components of the Tup1-mediated repression pathways. The N-terminal domain of Matα2 is insoluble when overexpressed in <italic> E. coli</italic> and does not crystallize. Additional work on the N-terminal tetramerization domain of Tup1 suggests a model for the intact Tup1 protein.

The Effects of Chronic Stress on Executive Function, Coping, and Prefrontal Function in Children of Depressed Parents

Reising, Michelle M Vanderbilt University 2013 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Abstract not available.

The impact of instrumentation location and reliability on the performance of operators using an ecological interface for process control

Reising, Dal Vernon C University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1999 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Ecological Interface Design (EID) is a recent philosophy for designing visual displays for human-machine interfaces that advocates displaying the higher-order relations and properties of a work domain so that adaptive operator problem solving is better supported for both normal and abnormal system conditions. Moreover, EID argues that this information should be represented through graphical visualizations. However, EID has assumed that the raw data needed to derive the higher-order information could be measured and that the graphics would not be susceptible to instrumentation failures. In fact, recent EID research indicates that current instrumentation technology and specification policies may adversely impact the implementation of such visual displays. The current research empirically evaluates the impact of such limitations on the robustness and effectiveness of an EID-based interface for a pasteurization microworld simulation representative of industrial process control systems. The results of this research were the following. First, the Abstraction Hierarchy was uniquely extended to indicate instrumentation requirements to support human-machine interfaces. Second, an original EID interface was designed and the iterative process of design was cataloged and characterized—a process often ignored in EID literature. Third, the empirical evaluation suggested that steady-state control performance of operators was not negatively impacted by sensor failures when using an EID interface or the conventional mimic display. Furthermore, displaying higher-order information appeared to support general diagnostic performance when dedicated sensors were used to derive this information. But as hypothesized, this diagnostic performance was compromised when higher-order information was derived from distally measured data. When compared to the mimic display that digitally displayed the measured data, detection and general diagnostic reasoning was supported by an EID interface with distally derived higher-order information even though diagnostic accuracy suffered. Finally, empirical investigation also indicated that there was not a superiority between the EID interface and the conventional interface in terms of average performance for diagnosis and control. This finding suggests that the EID interface might be improved upon by including the results of a formal Activity Analysis in the EID process.