An integrated information system architecture based on structured modeling

Farn, Cheng-Kiang University Microfilms International 1985 국내박사

Dynamic properties of sandy and gravelly soils

Menq, Farn-Yuh The University of Texas at Austin 2003 해외박사(DDOD)

A two-part study was undertaken to evaluate the dynamic properties of nonplastic sandy and gravelly soils. The first part involved the development of a large-scale, multi-mode, free-free resonant column. This device is called the multi-mode device, MMD. Key benefits of this device are: (1) "relatively" large specimens (15 cm in diameter) can be tested, (2) background noise is greatly minimized, and (3) the point of "fixity" in resonance testing is conveniently positioned at the specimen mid-height during the first-mode resonance. With the MMD, three different measurements can be performed. These measurements are: (1) torsional resonance measurements, (2) longitudinal resonance measurements, and (3) direct-arrival, constrained compression wave measurements. These measurements allow linear and nonlinear measurements of shear modulus, G, and material damping ratio in shear, Ds, in addition to measurements of small-strain Young's modulus, Emax, small-strain material-damping ratio in unconstrained compression, Dc,min , and small-strain constrained modulus, Mmax. These measurements can all be performed sequentially on the same specimen. The second part of the study involved using the MMD to evaluate the dynamic properties of sandy and gravelly soils. A total of 59 reconstituted specimens were tested to systematically investigate the effects of void ratio, e, effective confining pressure, sigmao', median grain size, D50, and uniformity coefficient, Cu, on modulus and material damping in shear as well as the effects of these parameters on Emax, Dc,min, and Mmax. Some findings are: (1) the large-scale, free-free device works well and is adaptable to construct larger devices, (2) the primary effect of increasing D 50 is to increase small-strain shear modulus, Gmax, and decrease small-strain material damping ratio, Ds,min, (3) D50 has a similar effect on Emax and Mmax as on G max, (4) Ds,min and Dc,min in of dry granular soils are generally lower than 1.0%, (5) sigmao' has a slightly larger effect on Gmax, Emax, and Mmax of loose, well graded granular materials than dense, uniform materials, and (6) reference strain, gammar, (a shearing strain at which G/Gmax = 0.5) is mainly a function of sigma o' and Cu, while gammar increases as sigmao' increases and C u decreases.

Information representation and decision process: Effects of measurement scale and shape on decision matrix on preferential choice

Liang, Sheau-Farn Purdue University 1999 해외박사(DDOD)

Due to the continual innovation in information technology, vast amounts of information in various forms have become available to people for the purpose of decision making and problem solving. Consequently, how to represent the information to facilitate the processes of decision making and problem solving becomes a significant issue. The measurement scale and the shape of the decision matrix were proposed in this research as two information representation factors that influence the decision process. Hypotheses related to the transformation effort between measurement scales and the relationship between the number of alternatives and attributes were tested through two experiments based on the process tracing method. Sixty college students were recruited as subjects. A computerized information display board was developed to present the decision matrices and collect data. Subjects were also asked to verbalize their decision processes for further verbal protocol analysis. In Experiment 1, two independent variables were the value measurement scale with two levels (ordinal and interval), and the attribute measurement scale with three levels (nominal, ordinal and ratio). Three dependent variables representing the extent of particular decision strategies were obtained from subject's computer log and verbal protocol. In Experiment 2, the independent variable was the ALT/ATT ratio, the ratio of the number of alternatives to the number of attributes, with five levels (3/12, 4/9, 6/6, 9/4 and 12/3). Two dependent variables representing the information search patterns were obtained from subject's computer log. The results showed that decision strategies involving search against the attribute rank (e.g., lexicographic and elimination-by-aspects strategies) were used 30% more when the information was provided at the ordinal attribute measurement scale rather than at the nominal attribute scale. Also, with a constant task complexity, more information was searched when the ratio of the number of alternatives to the number of attributes was higher, while less information was searched when the ratio of the number of alternatives to the number of attributes was lower. It is suggested that the findings of this study should be considered in the design of information representation for Decision Support Systems and Management Information Systems.

Low power video processing architecture for digital CMOS cameras

Hsieh, Jeff Yeu-Farn Stanford University 2002 해외박사(DDOD)

Low power signal processing is critical in portable imaging applications where power translates directly to more images, longer videos, or lighter batteries. Complimentary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imagers are capable of lower power due to its ability to integrate analog to-digital conversion and logic circuitry on-chip. This dissertation presents an effective architectural solution to integrated Digital Video (DV) video compression that achieves a processing power efficiency of 42 giga-operations-per-Watt and allows for 23 hours of continual operation of a wireless imager generating compressed color video at 25 frames/second, 720 x 576 pixels per frame, and using a 5 Watt-hour Li-ion battery. First, an array of 40 identical processing elements (PEs) is chosen to support the 3.2 giga-operations-per-second computational requirement by partitioning the sensor array into distinct regions each clocked at 80 mega-Hertz. The low clocking requirement allows individual PEs to operate at a supply voltage of l.2 Volts in a 0.18 micron CMOS process, which results in a power reduction by a factor of two. Second, a hierarchical memory architecture is implemented to reduce power and to sustain the data throughput required for real-time processing. The memory systems power is reduced by more than a factor of four through an efficient mapping of the storage and access requirements to different levels of the memory hierarchy. Two memory technologies, the embedded DRAM and the SRAM, are studied for this mapping to take advantage of their area and access characteristics. Finally, parallel PEs are well suited for image and video processing where high instruction-level parallelism (ILP) exists. A non-negligible portion of DV compression algorithms are characterized by low ILP, which complicates instruction issuing. This is solved by introducing a dual-streaming mechanism for controlling the processor array in which a second control stream is used to feed coefficients as well as to provide alternate instructions for conditional execution. This mechanism is the technology enabler for DV compression on a parallel processor architecture and it reduces the total computational requirement by over 25%.

People, Plants, Place & Process: A Landscape Ethnography through the Gardens of an Urban Village Kaemi-Maeul, Soedaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea

제라드 서울대학교 환경대학원 2016 국내석사

1945년부터 집단이주는 주요한 세계현상이었지만 요즘 들어 이 현상은 둔화되며 줄어드는 추세이다. 한국 전쟁과 경제, 세계화와 기술들은 국경선을 건너고, 농촌지역을 벗어나 도시 안으로 들어가는 대중들에게 영향을 끼쳤다. 한국도 예외는 아니다. 1950년 6월25일, 한국전쟁은 많은 농촌지역과 농민들의 경관을 바꾸고 도심지 산업의 급속한 변화를 주었다. 이 거대한 유입은 이미 서울의 붐비는 도시마을이나 부락, 도시의 사람이 살지 않는 많은 산비탈 등의 남아있는 조경설계가 되지 않은 일반주택 양식으로 들어와 주로 경제적으로 빈곤한 난민에게 영향을 주었다. 이런 마을 중 하나가 “개미 마을”이다. 서울시 서대문구 홍제동 인왕산 자락의 빽빽하게 접어 놓은 이곳은 작은집과 정원의 집합체이며 매머드도시 안의 있는 농촌의 오아시스이다. 마을주민들은 주로 전쟁난민이나 그들의 후손으로 다른 경관 또는 다양한 농업지식을 가진 사람들이다. 이 마을 사람들의 예스러움과 그림 같은 아름다움, 특별한 색감을 표현하기에는 최적의 마을이다. 정원을 가꾸는 노하우도 한계상항에 맞게 가지고 있다. 또한 개미마을은 극한 환경에 제한된 공간을 가지고 있다. 현실적인 환경에도 불구하고 마을 주민들은 그들의 지역 조경활동으로 농업을 계속하고 있다. 이 논문은 조경 체계 분석과 민족지학적인 방법으로 예로부터 전해 내려오는 마을의 지리적, 지질학의 관한 정원에 대해 배우고 설명한다. 이 마을주민들의 조경에 대한 인식과 현재 전통적으로 잘 알려진 정원 방법을 민족 식물학적, 민족지학상의 방법으로 이용된다. 또한 이 논문에서는 개미마을 주민들의 조경에 토양, 지형적 특색, 계절과 식물을 증거를 들어가며 보여주고 있다. 더 나아가 부지의 철저한 분석으로 조경의 실질적인 방법을 입증함을 민족지학적 방법으로 담고 있다. 핵심어 : 이주, 한국전쟁, 전통 지식, 서울, 조경설계 되지 않은 일반주택 양식