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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Balagaye, Fidel Zacharia (검색결과 1 건)
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Balagaye, Fidel Zacharia Graduate School of Government, Business and Entrep 2018 국내석사
With youth population of 35.1%, Tanzania is facing a great surge of unemployment. Unemployment is facing youth irrespective of their level of education. This tragedy is now even much bigger among university graduates. This is proved by the ILF survey results which show that by level of education, youth with secondary education have the highest unemployment rate of 15.2%, followed by those who have completed university education at 12%. This survey further show that, youth who never attended school have the lowest unemployment rate of 6.6% (NBC, 2014). The growing rate of unemployment has resulted to the emergency of unemployment related problems such as underemployment and having many youth in vulnerable employment. This poses great risks to the majority youth and lead to the continued deterioration of their lives. Self-employment is thus remaining the inescapable option to take for majority youth as the public and private sector capacity to employ has declined. The government of Tanzania currently employs only 2% of youth. The government of Tanzania in a way to address unemployment problems among youth introduced Youth Development Fund (YDF) program. In Tanzania YDF have been running for a number of years. Phase one of YDF was established in 1993/94 and phase two was launched in 2007. Both central and local government authority are charged with the obligation of setting funds for supporting youth to pursue entrepreneurial activities within their youth enterprise groups. Due to budget constraints the government has not been able to set adequate youth funds in its annual budgets. The National Youth Development Policy of 2007 cited the key stakeholders for youth empowerment to include the government, private sector, families and young people themselves. However, this study has revealed the major players of YDF to be the government and the district youth SACCOS. This study aimed to identify the challenges facing youth fund as well as assessing stakeholder involvement in YDF program. Furthermore, the study aimed to explore the constraints which hamper youth enterprise groups to borrow loans from banks and MFIs. Three youth enterprise groups from Serengeti district were selected as cases to provide reliable information needed for analysis and conclusion. The cases were selected on the basis of their effective involvement in YDF since all of them had already received YDF loan. Two cases represented the success cases while one case represented the failure cases in the implementation of YDF loan in Serengeti district. Qualitative data and information was gathered through documentary review from journals, articles and books. Primary data was also gathered to provide additional information. The primary data was collected through phone interview from three leaders representing the selected youth enterprises, district youth officer, youth SACCOS leader and loan officer from private bank. The data from Serengeti district council and the ministry responsible for youth was also used in this study. All collected information was interpreted and summarized to depict the real picture of YDF program, its success, challenges and areas which needed further improvement. The study results showed that YDF program was not performing well in Serengeti district. This was evidenced by the slow growth of the fund which is the result of low involvement of stakeholders and the absence of a specific account for youth fund. Another challenge which was discovered to haunt YDF was poor management from both local government authorities and youth enterprise groups. This study observed the major setbacks for youth enterprises to secure banks’ loans to be the lack of awareness of loan procedures, complicated collateral requirements, and lack of SMEs financing window in banks, high interest rates and limited geographical coverage as banks are centered in towns. This study suggests that the government should partner with the private sector such as banks and MFIs in the whole processes of implementation of youth fund. The government ought to establish a special financial account for youth fund as well as review the current youth fund guidelines to allow the provision of the fund to both youth groups and individual youth. On the other hand financial institutions, banks in particular should introduce a special window for providing services to SMEs and it should as well reduce collateral requirements and loan’s interest rates. This study poses advices to youth enterprises to formalize their businesses and start a network which will link and coordinate youth enterprises in the district.
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