Simvastatin이 UMR-106 세포의 조골세포 형성에 미치는 영향

황의관 경희대학교 2008 국내박사

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Simvastatin, which is HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast. Materials & Methods : Twenty-four cell culture plates containing essential medium were seeded with UMR-106 cell lines, at density of 5 x 104 cells per plate. Each plates were incubated with 5% CO² incubator at 37℃. Starting from 2 days after incubation, cell culture medias were replaced with Osteogenesis induction media every 2 days, for 12 days. In some plates, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100μM of Simvastatin were added with Osteogenesis induction media, and classified as "test group". Those not added with Simvastatin were classified as "control group". Mature osteoblasts were identified with Alizarine Red staining, and protein samples were collected. Optical density was determined at wavelength of 405nm with ELISA reader. For viability analysis, cells were harvested and incubated with propidium iodide at room temperature for 20 minutes, and analysed with flow cytometry. Results : 1. When Alrizarin Red staining was observed with naked eye, control group showed normal deep red color, but test group show rapid decrease of red color as Simvastatin concentration increased more than 0.1μM. 2, When observed with microscope, compared to control group, amount of osteo matrix stained with Alrizarin Red decreased rapidly in Simvastatin concentration more than 0.1μM. 3. In optical density analysis, regarding control group as a basis, mineral deposition decreased rapidly when Simvastatin concentration increased more than 0.1μM. 4. In flow cytometry analysis, survival rate of UMR-106 cell showed no changes in both control group and test group. Conclusion : From the above results, we were able to identify that Simvastatin inhibited osteogenesis without effecting survival or cell number of osteoblasts. In the future, further research will be needed to study difference and inhibition mechanism between each types of osteoblasts.

軍 組織內의 커뮤니케이션에 관한 實證的 硏究

황의관 경희대학교 2003 국내석사

골신장술시 초음파가 신생골 형성에 미치는 영향

황의관 경희대학교 대학원 2004 국내석사

산업공학기법을 활용한 8속 변속기 부품의 생산 효율 향상

황의관 忠南大學校 産業大學院 2020 국내석사

As market competition increase in today's automotive industry, productivity can be improved by innovative activities such as main issue process improvement and improvement of defect rate for company survival. It is necessary to increase of output which means UPH (unit per hour) for better delivery and lower loss in production. This study analyzes and evaluates the role and cycle time of each step of the production process at the site and presents the improved results through the improvement of the core process stage in order to improve productivity by applying industrial engineering techniques in the automotive vendor that mainly produces Hyundai and Kia 8-speed transmission parts only. The conclusion of the study are as follows. 1. C / T (Cycle time) is shorten 15 seconds in the CNC process which is the main core process item and UPH of CNC machine is increased from 1,046 EA to 1,150 EA 2. Productivity is increased about 9.95% and also the LOB (Line of balance) was improved from 67% to 75.5% And also the improvement of productivity is needed improved C/T(cycle time) in main core process of automotive vendor and also need process change and know – how by experience for lower defect rate

공공서비스 法制의 수용에 관한 硏究

황의관 성균관대학교 2008 국내석사

The public service jurisprudence is considered as a legal notion in France. That is to say, the public service refers to the fact that a service is offered to the general public, it highlights that a service has been assigned a specific role in the public interest, and it refers to the ownership or status of the entity providing the service. So, the public service has two means. First of all, the notion of fonctionelle is that a service offered to the general public in the name of general interest. The other notion of organique is that the status of the unit providing services. In the early days, two kinds of the notions constitute essential elements of the public service. So, the public service is that a criterion to be applied to the public law in a case of administrative litigation. Because the public service is to mean the status of the entity providing services under general interest. However, in the 20c, a concept of the public service was changed. Because of social change, a status of the unit providing services under general interest was varied. So, there is different legal formation which a service offered the general public. Therefore the public service is not merely that a criterion to be applied to the public law in a case of administrative litigation. In Eloka case, Tribunal de Conflict holds that in a case of the public service substantially commercial is not applied to public law but applied to civil law. Accordingly, public service was separated two categories, which is service public administratif and service public industriel et commercial. Service public administratif means that a service is provided by the state in accordance with traditional public service. So service public administratif is applied to the public law. However, service public industriel et commercial means that a service is provided by the state or private units and so on. So service public industriel et commercial is applied to civil law because it carries out natural commercial services. In conclusion, the public service is considered as diverse concepts of legal status and thus public service remained a service carried out under general interest. That is to say, public service is to be meant not a idea of legal status but a concept of function. Because of public service performing general interest, the public service adhere to the principles. The principles consist of three elements(la continuite·, le principe d'e·galite, l'adaptabilite). First, la continuite· means that public service continues their obligations. Because public service executes general interest. Second, le principe d'e·galite is to be meant that end-users have equal right to access to public service, to participate in public service. In addition, end-user is entitled to equality in a case of public service performing their obligations. Finally, l'adaptabilite means that public service should be adopted to social changes and end-user's needs. The principles concerning the public service should be applied to all categories of public service. In korea, the acceptance of the public service jurisprudence is founded many extent of legislations. But this notes focus on universal service, the right to strike in essential service and administrative service charter. The concept of universal service refers to a set of general interest requirements ensuring that certain services are made available at a specified quality to all consumers and users throughout the territory of the nation, independently of geographical location, and, in the light of specific national conditions, at an affordable price. It has been developed specifically for some of the network industries(e.g. telecommunications, electricity, and postal services). The concept establishes the right for every citizen to access certain services considered as essential and impose obligations on industries to provide a defined service at specified conditions, including complete territorial coverage. Although universal service was developed from U.S.A. communications acts, nowadays, universal service is considerd as a general idea in EU, U.S.A. and others natuons. During the last two decades, the concept of universal service has developded into a major and indispensable pillar of EU's policy on services of general economic interest. Services of general economic interest refer to services of an economic nature which the states subject to specific public service obligations by virtue of a general interest criterion. Therefore, universal service constitutes services of general economic interest and services of general economic interest involves universal service. In addition, the public service obligations refer to specific requirements that are imposed by public authorities on the provider of the service in order to ensure that certain public interest objectives are met. Therefore, universal service is a kind of public service. So, the acceptance of the universal service legislation is considered that the public service jurisprudence constitutes the national legislation. The concept of essential service in the strict sense of the term for which strike action may be prohibited is to be defined that such services as those the interruption of which would endanger the life, personal safety or health of the whole or part of the population. Clearly, what is meant by essential services in the strict sense of the term depends a large extent on the particular circumstances prevailing in a country. So, there can be no doubt that a non-essential service may become essential if a strike lasts beyond a certain time or extends beyond a certain scope, thus endangering the life, personal safety or health of the whole or part of the population. The essential services has considered that the right to strike may be subject to major restrictions or even prohibitions. Minimum service is to be defined that services maintain a certain level of production or services of the company or institution in which the strike take place. The establishment of minium service in the case of strike should only be posiible in :(1) services the interruption of which would endanger the life, personal safety or health of the whole or part of the population;(2) services which are not essential in the strict sense of the term but where the extent and duration of a strike might be such as to result in an acute national crisis endangering the normal living conditions of the population;(3) public service of fundamental importance. In conclusion, Minium service is a kind of the measure as a restriction of the right to strike in the essential services in the strict sense of the term. There is a reason to justify the restriction of the right to strike in the essential services in the strict sense of the term. That reason is to maintain the continuity of the public service. Because the interruption of public service trespass the general interest, thus in order to protect the general interest, the right to strike in essential service should be restricted. In addition, Minimum service system constitutes the public service jurisprudence and may be imposed in the name of the protection of general interest. Administrative service charters apply to the administrative service. The administrative service means the public administrative part of the public service which is the whole business a nation is expected to carry out. Nowadays, the administrative service is regarded as a important service. So, the administrative service is required to change in the social transformation. Thus, many states launched and establish the administrative charters for improvement public service. But the legal implication of the charters has different meanings for varied legal system. Therefore, the acceptance of the administrative charters in korea should be fitted for the korean legal system. 우리나라에서는 일반적으로 공공서비스란 개념을 정치적·경제적 용어로서만 인식되어 법적 개념용어로서 이해되고 있지는 못하다. 오히려 공공서비스 개념을 법적의미로 사용할 경우에는 프랑스법상의 특수 개념으로서 공역무라는 용어를 사용하여 마치 동 개념이 프랑스에만 존재하는 것으로 생각되어지고 있다. 그러나 공공서비스 관념은 프랑스에만 국한되는 것은 아니다. 물론, 동 개념이 발달된 곳이 프랑스이기는 하지만 기능적 의미로서의 공공서비스 개념은 우리나라에서도 존재해왔던 관념이고 법제적으로도 공공서비스로 볼 수 있는 제도가 도입되어 있는 것이 우리의 현실이다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제의식을 바탕으로 공공서비스 개념에 대한 상세한 이해를 바탕으로 우리나라에 수용되어 있는 공공서비스 관련 법제를 정리하여 공공서비스 개념이 우리나라에서 어떠한 형식으로 제도화 되어있는지를 고찰 한다. 또한, 이러한 수용형태에 관한 연구를 통해 우리나라에서도 공공서비스 개념이 이미 법개념화 되어 있음을 살펴본다. 1-5장까지의 내용은 프랑스에서 발달한 공공서비스 개념에 대한 이론적 설명부분이다. 프랑스 행정법의 역사와 함께 발전해온 공공서비스 개념의 의미와 시대적 변천, 그리고 공공서비스 법제에 대하여 상세하게 고찰 한다. 1873년의 Blanco case에서 행정법의 준거로 인정되었던 초기의 공공서비스 이론으로부터 시대적 변화에 따른 공공서비스 위기와 그에 따른 공공서비스 이론의 변천과정을 설명한다. 더불어 프랑스에서 인정되는 공공서비스 원칙에 대한 고찰을 통하여 공공서비스 법제의 특수성을 파악하고 동 법제의 의미도 살펴본다. 6-7장에서는 공공서비스 개념의 세계화로 인하여 우리나라에도 수용되어 있는 공공서비스 법제와 관련된 입법들을 상세히 고찰한다. 6장에서는 보편적 서비스 입법에 대하여 그 연혁과 우리보다 앞서 보편적 서비스 입법을 도입한 미국과 유럽의 입법을 조사 한다. 또한, 개념적 분석을 통하여 보편적 서비스 제도가 기본적으로 공공서비스 법제의 한 형태임을 논증 한다. 7장에서는 노동조합법에 새롭게 도입된 필수유지업무제도를 살펴보면서 동 제도의 입법모델이 된 ILO의 규정을 살펴보고 이와 관련된 EU의 입장도 고찰하였다. 6장과 마찬가지로 개념적·연혁적 분석을 통해서 필수유지업무제도 역시 공공서비스제도의 한 종류임을 논증한다. 더불어 7장에서는 공공서비스 법제의 또 다른 수용형태 중 하나인 행정서비스 헌장제도에 관하여 살펴본다. 동 제도의 연혁적·비교적 연구를 통해 공공서비스 법제와의 관련성을 찾고 동 제도가 가지는 문제점에 대해서도 지적 한다.

온실가스 배출권 거래제에 관한 법적연구

황의관 성균관대학교 일반대학원 2012 국내박사

A Study on the legal aspects of GHG's emission trading scheme Ui Kwan, Hwang Department of Law Graduate School of Sungkyunkwan University The purpose of this Ph. D. thesis is to study on the legal aspects of GHG's emission trading scheme and to recommend desirable introduction of GHG's emission trading scheme in Korea. In order to thesis's aim, this paper reviewed development of emission trading as a instrument to regulate environmental goods and used comparative legal study methodology to induce the policy that is the most desirable and suitable emission trading scheme for Korea. In the Section 2, I studied ideology and notion of emission trading scheme and reviewed the development of emission trading scheme as a instrument to regulate environmental goods. In addition to this work, I studied ideology and notion of carbon tax and current operation of carbon tax in the OECD country, local government. After such study and review, I concluded that relationship between carbon tax and emission trading was a complementary cooperation relation. Therefore, Introduction of carbon tax and emission trading scheme to reduce the GHG emission target in the same jurisdiction is possible, desirable, and effective policy decision making. Sed introduction of emission trading scheme with carbon tax would cause political counterblast form the wide-economy, people in Korea. In Section 3, I studied Kyoto Protocol, EU ETS, Australian ETS, New Zealnad ETS, and U. S. Federal ETS bill to induce legal nature of emission right and the others that are necessary elements of emission trading scheme. After this work, I concluded that the problem of the legal nature of emission right is not traditional legal reasoning issue but legislative policy choice issue. So I emphatically insist that legislation of emission right as a personal right is the best way to succeed emission trading scheme. Because if legal nature of emission right is legislative policy problem, emission trading market certainty is required to market participants so emission right that provided personal right cause market liquid and effective. And then market liquid and effective would result in market force to reduce social marginal GHG's abatement cost. Through the comparative legal study on the EU ETS and other national ETS, I founded that each ETS was comprised of using offset credit limitation and had national registry system that provided for detailed provision to regulate public access and to deal liability for registry err or mistake. So I concluded that to succeed ETS was required to detail provision which provided same elements to have been founded other ETS. In Section 4, I studied current GHG's mitigation policy method of korea and reviewed position that industrial, korean government, environmental civic group stood the introduction of emission trading scheme. After such study and review, I founded that relationship of between current GHG's policy mitigation method of korea was interim policy. So when the introduction of emission trading scheme in Korea, it was that current GHG's mitigation policy method was removed. And opinions of industrial, a part of civic group for the introduction of emission trading scheme was unreasonable and cross and greedy for emission abatement policy. In addition to this work, I reviewed the proposed bill for korean ETS with a viewpoint of reasonable legal mind and desire for successful ETS. After reviewed the proposed bill for korean ETS, I founded many problems that is unconstitutional and unreasonable method for ETS. In Section 5 that is the conclusion of this Ph. D. thesis, I corrected the proposed bill for korean ETS and suggested revision bill to have some elements derived form other ETS. That elements is comprised of provision which were personal property rights as the legal nature of emission right, detailed conditions for operation of emission registry, specified conditions for using offset credit, terms for excluded value added tax, and relations of between current GHG's mitigation policy. 온실가스 배출권 거래제에 관한 법적연구 지구온난화와 그에 따른 기후변화는 21세기 전 인류가 대처해 나가야 할 중대한 환경문제이자 극복해야할 도전의 대상으로 등장하고 있다. 이러한 전 인류적인 과제를 해결하기 위하여 국제사회는 교토의정서를 채택하여 문제를 해결하려는 노력을 기울이고 있다. 지구온난화의 원인으로 지목된 온실가스 배출량을 억제하기 위하여 교토의정서는 다양한 시장친화적인 수단을 도입하였고 이 중 하나로 배출권 거래제가 도입되었다. 교토의정서의 발효 후 배출권 거래제는 온실가스 배출량 감축을 위한 비용효율적인 제도로 인정되어 왔다. 국제사회의 기후변화 대처를 위한 노력과 이에 따른 감축의무강화의 흐름에 선제적으로 대응하기 위하여 우리나라 역시 온실가스 배출량 감축을 위한 배출권 거래제 법안을 준비하고 있다. 하지만 현재 준비 중인 배출권 거래제는 이미 동 제도를 시행하고 있는 다른 국가들의 입법례에 비추어 볼 때 여러 가지 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제점을 검토하고 바람직한 배출권 거래제 도입을 위한 법률적․정책적 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 배출권 거래제를 파악하기 위해서는 우선적으로 종래의 환경규제수단과는 다른 시장친화적인 환경규제수단으로서 등장한 배출권 거래제의 발달과정을 분석･검토해야 할 것이다. 이와 동시에 배출권 거래제와 함께 온실가스 감축수단으로 여러 국가들에서 시행되고 있는 탄소세에 관한 분석과 검토를 한다. 이러한 과정을 통해서 배출권 거래제와 탄소세 사이의 상호관계를 파악하고 각국의 기후대응정책과정에서 배출권 거래제와 탄소세의 정책운용방향을 고찰하여 우리나라의 배출권 거래제 논의에서 많이 문제가 되었던 양 제도 사이의 정책적 관계와 최적의 정책수단에 관한 검토와 정책제언을 한다. 특히 양 제도의 유기적 연계를 통해 경제성장에 부정적 영향을 미치지 않으면서도 온실가스 감축목표를 달성하고 있는 영국의 사례를 중점적으로 검토한다. 다음으로 우리나라의 경우 아직 배출권 거래제를 시행하고 있지 않기 때문에 동 제도를 이미 실행하고 있는 각국의 입법례를 분석･검토하여 배출권 거래제에 관련한 중요한 법적쟁점과 제도운영에 따른 여러 가지 중요한 정책적 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위해 교토의정서상의 배출권 거래제와 세계최대규모의 배출권 거래제를 시행하고 있는 EU ETS의 운영현황을 살펴보고 새롭게 등장하고 있는 호주와 뉴질랜드의 배출권 거래제를 살펴보도록 한다. 이를 통해 배출권 거래제에서 핵심적인 개념인 배출권의 법적성격을 고찰하고 배출권 등록부와 상쇄배출권의 인정범위, 배출권의 초기할당 방법 등 제도 운영에 있어 핵심적인 사항에 대한 각국의 입법태도를 분석한다. 이와 같은 비교법적 분석을 통해 배출권의 법적성격과 등록부 및 상쇄분 등에 관한 법적･정책적 특징들을 도출하고 이에 따른 정책적 시사점들을 파악하고자 한다. 이어서 현재 우리나라에서 도입하고자 하는 배출권 거래제와 관련되어 2012년 시행을 앞두고 있는 온실가스 목표관리제를 검토하고 배출권 거래제 도입시 양 제도 사이의 관계를 살펴보도록 한다. 이를 통해서 배출권 거래제가 도입되는 경우 발생할 수 있는 제도상의 여러 문제점을 사전에 파악해 본다. 그리고 현재 배출권 거래제 도입에 대한 이해당사자인 정부, 산업계, 환경단체의 입장과 정책대응방안을 검토하여 배출권 거래제에 관한 각계의 논의상황을 파악하고 바람직한 배출권 거래제에 관한 정책적 제언들을 검토한다. 그 다음으로 현재 국회에 계류 중인 배출권 거래제에 관한 법안들을 비교법적 연구를 통해 도출한 정책적 시사점을 바탕으로 비판적으로 검토하여 각 법안들의 법적･정책적 문제점을 분석한다. 동시에 각 법안들의 문제점을 수정하고 여러 논의에서 검증‧도출한 법률적 정책적 방안들을 반영한 법안을 제시한다. 이를 통하여 효율적이고 올바른 배출권 거래제 법안에 본 연구가 일정한 기여가 될 수 있도록 한다. 결론에서는 앞선 연구내용을 요약정리하고 배출권 거래제와 관련한 여러 논의를 통하여 현재시점에서 우리나라에서의 배출권 거래제의 필요성을 다시 강조하고자 한다.

자폐 학생의 직업흥미에 관한 연구

황의관 공주대학교 대학원 2000 국내석사

The purpose of this study to understand what differences are the occupational interests of autistic students by sex and courses. For this, I performed 「Reading-free vocational interest inventory: RFVII」 with the object of 31 autistic students(male : 20 persons, female : 11 persons) who were in the special school of emotional disturbance. The results of this study are as follows. First, it was shown that the occupational interest of autistic students differed from sex and courses. The occupational interest area of autistic male-students were in order of ① personal service, ② patient care, ③ laundry service and the occupational interests of female-students, were in order of ① horticulture. ② building trades, ③ automotitv service. And the occupational interests area of middle-school students were in order of ① patient care, ② food service, ③ clerical and the occupational interests area of high-school students were in order of ① personal service, ② patient care, ③ laundry service. Second, the aptitude occupation by occupational interests area differed from sex and courses. The aptitude occupation of autistic male-students were 146 occupations such as snow maker, clothies room worker and bundle weigher. And the aptitude occupation of autistic female-students were 306 occupations such as apple sorter, buzzsaw operator helper and automobile detailer. The aptitude occupation of middle-school students were 143 occupations such as clothies room worker, bartender helper and advertising material. And the aptitude occupation of high-school students were 145 occupations such as snow maker, clothies room worker and bundle weigher. The 「Reading-free vocational interest inventory: RFVII」 used in this study was researched and developed in U.S.. And it could be narrow in the category of generalization as it was difficult to consider that it was not same with occupational world or occupational situation of Korea exactly. But as it was revealed in the preliminary test that the verbal occupational interests test was mostly impossible for the autistic students to preform, the occupational interests test with picture' used in this study was considered as the best alternate. proposal. But, this study was considered that it studied the occupational interests area of autistic students and the aptitude occupation first. The results of this study would be able to be utilized as basic data in the overall courses of occupational rehabilitation such as occupational preparation and training and distribution as well as occupational search. And it would be able to be also utilized in building the converted educational planning of individualization and utilized in selecting the best-fit jobs of the aptitude occupations.